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Questions and Answers
What is the chemical formula for glucose?
What is the chemical formula for glucose?
The equation C3H8 + 5O2 → 4H2O + 3CO2 represents a combustion reaction.
The equation C3H8 + 5O2 → 4H2O + 3CO2 represents a combustion reaction.
True (A)
Name a common process that results in a gas release.
Name a common process that results in a gas release.
Burning wood
The product of copper turning green is called _____.
The product of copper turning green is called _____.
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Match the following elements to their category:
Match the following elements to their category:
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Which of the following is a property of metals?
Which of the following is a property of metals?
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Ionic compounds are formed through the sharing of electrons.
Ionic compounds are formed through the sharing of electrons.
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What common characteristic do metalloids share with metals?
What common characteristic do metalloids share with metals?
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The process of ____ occurs when an iron object undergoes oxidation.
The process of ____ occurs when an iron object undergoes oxidation.
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What is an example of a covalent bond?
What is an example of a covalent bond?
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What was the dependent variable in the investigation?
What was the dependent variable in the investigation?
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The independent variable was the color change of the Litmus Paper.
The independent variable was the color change of the Litmus Paper.
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What is the purest form of matter that cannot be broken down any further?
What is the purest form of matter that cannot be broken down any further?
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The substance with a pH of 1.5 is __________.
The substance with a pH of 1.5 is __________.
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Which substance has a pH greater than 7?
Which substance has a pH greater than 7?
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Acids have a sour taste and a pH greater than 7.
Acids have a sour taste and a pH greater than 7.
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What is the formula for Sodium Chloride?
What is the formula for Sodium Chloride?
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Match the following compounds with their number and type of elements:
Match the following compounds with their number and type of elements:
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Which of the following conducts electricity?
Which of the following conducts electricity?
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A pH of __________ indicates a neutral solution.
A pH of __________ indicates a neutral solution.
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Study Notes
Unknown Liquids Data
- Students investigated if unknown liquids are acids or bases
- Dependent variable: color change of Litmus paper
- Independent variable : pH of the unknown liquid
- Constant: Litmus Paper indicator
Compounds and Elements
- Compound: a pure substance with two or more elements bonded together
- Element: the purest form of matter, cannot be broken down further
Identifying Substances
- Examples of elements: H2
- Examples of compounds: H2O, 2C6H12O6, NaCl, 3CuSO4
- Example of a mixture: Air
- Note: Different compounds have different numbers of atoms of each type (e.g., water has two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom).
pH Scale
- Substances on the pH scale:
- Distilled water (pH 7.0): neutral
- Battery acid (pH 1.5): acid
- Milk (pH 8.5): base
- Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) (pH 13.0): base
Properties of Acids and Bases
- Acid properties: sour taste, rough, conduct electricity, react with bases, pH less than 7
- Base properties: bitter taste, slippery, conduct electricity, react with acids, pH greater than 7
Atom Inventory
- Compound examples (and atom count):
- 4H2O: Hydrogen -8, Oxygen -4
- 2C6H12O6: Hydrogen - 24, Carbon - 12, Oxygen - 12
- NaCl: Sodium - 1, Chlorine - 1
- 3CuSO4: Copper - 3, Sulfur - 3, Oxygen - 12
Chemical Equations
- 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + O2: reactants are 6CO2 and 6H2O; products are C6H12O6 and O2
- CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O: balanced equation
- C3H8 + 5O2 → 4H2O + 3CO2: balanced equation
Law of Conservation of Mass
- The mass of the reactants equals the mass of the products in a chemical reaction.
Physical and Chemical Changes
- Physical change examples: ice melting, salt dissolving in water, changing the color of water, cutting a piece of paper
- Chemical change examples: burning wood, mixing baking soda and vinegar, iron rusting, copper turning green
Types of Reactions
- Exothermic reaction : releases heat to surroundings
- Endothermic reaction: absorbs heat from the surroundings
pH Ranges
- Acid pH range: 0 - 6.9
- Base pH range: greater than 7
Neutral Substances
- Neutral substance pH: 7
Metals, Nonmetals and Metalloids
- Properties of metals: luster (shiny), good conductors, ductile, malleable, solid at room temperature (some exceptions)
- Properties of nonmetals: dull, poor conductors, brittle, may be gases at room temperature, sometimes solid
Types of Bonds
- Ionic bond: forms between metals and nonmetals (electrons transferred)
- Covalent bond: forms between nonmetals and nonmetals (electrons shared)
Ions
- Ion: a charged atom.
- Cation: positively charged ion
- Anion: negatively charged ion
Isotopes
- Isotopes: atoms of the same element with the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons.
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Description
Test your understanding of acids, bases, and their properties with this quiz. Explore the differences between compounds and elements, the significance of pH levels, and how to identify substances using litmus paper. Perfect for 10th-grade chemistry students looking to reinforce their knowledge.
