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Questions and Answers
What is the root of the word 'workers' after removing both the inflectional and derivational suffixes?
Which of the following statements is true about stems?
In the word 'workshops', what is the stem after removing the inflectional morpheme?
What is the base of the word 'impracticality' after removing the derivational suffix '-ity'?
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According to the analysis, which of the following is true about roots and bases?
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What is true regarding the base in the context of words with only derivational affixes?
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Which of these options defines a stem correctly?
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What can be concluded about the relationship between roots, stems, and bases?
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What is a root according to the definitions provided?
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What happens if a root is further divided into its components?
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Which of the following correctly describes a base in morphology?
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Why is it important to define root, stem, and base in linguistics?
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How do viewers generalize the differences among root, stem, and base?
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What type of morphemes must be removed to identify the root of a word?
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Which of the following statements about roots is false?
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Which morphemes are typically attached to a base when forming new words?
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Which of the following examples represents a compound stem?
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What distinguishes a base from a root morpheme?
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Which of the following is a derived stem?
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In the word 'internationalist', which part is considered a root morpheme?
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Which of these forms can be characterized as both a base and a stem?
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What is the relationship between 'inflectional morphemes' and 'derivational morphemes'?
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What does the term 'stem' refer to in morphological analysis?
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Which of the following forms indicates that a word is a base?
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What is the root of the word 'undesirables'?
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In the word 'undesirable', what is the base form?
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What defines the stem of a word?
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Which of the following words contains no inflectional morpheme?
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What is the root of the word 'faithfulness'?
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In the analysis of the word 'relation', what is considered its root?
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Why should one not consider the Latin morphemes when analyzing an English word?
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What is true about the stem 'denationalize'?
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What is the correct root of the word 'internationalists'?
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Which affix must be removed to identify the stem in the word 'memberships'?
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the base of the word 'membership'?
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What distinguishes a stem from a base?
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In the word 'friendly', what is true about the base 'friend'?
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Which word demonstrates a root that is also both a base and stem?
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What can be inferred about the word 'workshop' in the context of roots and stems?
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Which of the following demonstrates how to analyze the base in a complex word?
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What is the stem of the word 'inequalities'?
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Which morpheme should be removed first to find the base of 'understatements'?
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What would be the base of the word 'denationalizing'?
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In the word 'impracticality', which morpheme is removed last to find the base?
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Which of the following correctly identifies 'quick' as a stem?
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To identify the base in 'denationalize', which inflectional affix can be added?
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What is the base of 'breathe'?
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Which of the following words contains both a derivational morpheme and an inflectional morpheme?
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Study Notes
Identification and Distinction of Root, Stem, and Base in English Linguistics
- Students often struggle to differentiate root, stem, and base in words.
- Root: The base form of a word, irreducible core, cannot be further analyzed without changing its meaning. All affixes are removed.
- Stem: The part of a word to which inflectional affixes are attached. It is the core remaining after inflectional affix removal.
- Base: A general term for the form to which any affix (derivational or inflectional) can be added.
- If no inflectional affixes, no stem analysis.
- In words with both derivational and inflectional morphemes, delete inflectional first, then derivational.
- In words with more than 2 derivational morphemes, the order of removal depends on each affix's contribution to the word's formation and meaning.
- Roots often belong to lexical categories (nouns, verbs, etc.) and carry the core meaning.
Root, Stem, and Base Definition and Types
- Root: The irreducible core of a word that holds the primary lexical meaning. Its identity is lost with modification.
- Stem: Any form to which an inflectional affix is added. It's a word without inflectional affixes. It can consist of a root morpheme or several root morphemes plus derivational morphemes
- Base: A term for a word form to which any affix, derivational or inflectional, can be added.
- Roots can be free or bound.
- Free roots stand alone.
- Bound roots require additional morphemes to create words.
Distinction and Relationship
- Identifying the root involves removing all affixes (inflectional and derivational).
- Identifying the stem involves removing only inflectional affixes.
- Identifying the base involves removing one or more affixes.
- The base can be identical to the root or stem.
- Affixes can be derivational or inflectional
Analysis of Words in Terms of Root, Stem, and Base
- Root: Remove all affixes.
- Stem: Remove inflectional affixes.
- Base: Remove one of any possible affix (first inflectional, then derivational, or vice-versa)
- Base, stem, and root may be the same form.
- Stem can be the root plus a derivational morpheme
- Base may be the same as stem, or root + derivational affix.
Level of Root Analysis
- The root holds the core meaning of a word and belongs to a lexical category (e.g., nouns, verbs, etc.).
- Avoid analyzing a word based on its non-English origins.
Identification of Base in Words with Multiple Affixes
- When words have both derivational and inflectional affixes, remove inflectional first, followed by derivational.
- With two or more derivational morphemes: Priority of removal depends on the respective contributions to the word's meaning and structure.
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Description
This quiz focuses on the identification and distinction of root, stem, and base in English linguistics. Students will learn how to classify word components and understand the roles they play in constructing meaning. Enhance your understanding of morphological analysis by testing your knowledge on these key concepts.