Ideal vs. Real Gas Behavior

Questions and Answers

What type of gas will not condense because the molecules do not attract each other?

Liquid

Plasma

Real gas

Ideal gas (correct)

Collisions between molecules in an ideal gas are perfectly elastic.

True

What type of gas exerts an attraction on gas particles passing close to one another?

Real gas

What happens to the kinetic energy of colliding particles during an elastic collision if temperature is constant?

The energy is transferred between them but the total kinetic energy stays the same. Signup and view all the answers

If two gases have the same temperature and energy but different molecular masses, which molecules will have the greater speed?

Those with lower molecular mass Signup and view all the answers

Explain why a strong smelling gas released from a container in the middle of a room is soon detected in all areas of that room.

Gas molecules are in constant rapid random motion. Signup and view all the answers

Explain why the rate of effusion of a gas increases as it is heated.

As a gas is heated, each molecule's speed increases, therefore the molecules pass through the holes faster. Signup and view all the answers

List the following gases in order of rate of effusion, from lowest to highest: (a) He (b) Xe (c) HCl (d) Cl2: Fill in the order with letters.

b d c a Signup and view all the answers

Explain why certain gases are ordered in effusion rates from lowest to highest based on kinetic-molecular theory.

All gases at the same temperature have the same average kinetic energy, so heavier molecules have slower average speeds. Signup and view all the answers

Explain why polar gas molecules experience larger deviations from ideal behavior than non-polar molecules.

Polar molecules attract neighboring polar molecules and often move out of their straight-line paths because of these attractions. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ideal Gas vs. Real Gas

Ideal gases do not exhibit intermolecular attractions, preventing condensation.
Collisions between ideal gas molecules are perfectly elastic, meaning kinetic energy is conserved in collisions.
Real gases experience intermolecular attractions, affecting their behavior under certain conditions.

Kinetic Energy and Collision

During elastic collisions at constant temperature, kinetic energy is transferred between molecules, but the overall kinetic energy remains unchanged.
Gases with lower molecular mass will have higher speeds compared to those with greater molecular mass when at the same temperature and energy.

Kinetic-Molecular Theory Applications

Kinetic-molecular theory explains that gas molecules are in rapid, constant random motion, which accounts for the spread of a strong-smelling gas throughout a room.
When a gas is heated, the increased temperature causes gas molecules to move faster, resulting in an increased rate of effusion through small openings.

Rate of Effusion

Order of gases by rate of effusion (from lowest to highest): Xenon (Xe), Chlorine (Cl2), Hydrogen Chloride (HCl), Helium (He).
Gases at the same temperature have identical average kinetic energy; thus, heavier gas molecules move slower than lighter ones. The order of gases reflects their molar mass, arranged from heaviest to lightest.

Polar vs. Non-Polar Molecules

Polar gas molecules show greater deviations from ideal gas behavior due to attractions between neighboring polar molecules, influencing their straight-line motion and interactions compared to non-polar molecules under constant conditions.

Description

Explore the distinctions between ideal and real gases, focusing on intermolecular attractions and the implications for kinetic energy and collision dynamics. This quiz delves into the kinetic-molecular theory and its applications in understanding gas behavior under varying conditions.