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Questions and Answers
What is a primary assumption of the kinetic molecular theory concerning gas molecules?
What is a primary assumption of the kinetic molecular theory concerning gas molecules?
- Gas molecules experience significant attractive forces.
- Gas molecules have negligible volume and are separated by large distances. (correct)
- Gas molecules are arranged in a fixed position.
- Gas molecules move in a straight line until acted upon by an external force.
According to the kinetic molecular theory, how does temperature affect the average kinetic energy of gas molecules?
According to the kinetic molecular theory, how does temperature affect the average kinetic energy of gas molecules?
- It decreases average kinetic energy as temperature increases.
- It causes average kinetic energy to remain constant regardless of temperature.
- It increases average kinetic energy proportionally to the temperature in kelvins. (correct)
- It influences average kinetic energy inversely to the mass of the molecules.
What does the Maxwell speed distribution curve illustrate about gas molecules?
What does the Maxwell speed distribution curve illustrate about gas molecules?
- Most gas molecules have very slow speeds regardless of temperature.
- At lower temperatures, all gas molecules exhibit high speeds.
- All gas molecules have the same speed at a given temperature.
- Molecular speeds vary, with some being slow, intermediate, or fast, including temperature effects. (correct)
What distinguishes perfectly elastic collisions of gas molecules?
What distinguishes perfectly elastic collisions of gas molecules?
How does the assumption about the forces between gas molecules contribute to the understanding of their behavior?
How does the assumption about the forces between gas molecules contribute to the understanding of their behavior?
Flashcards
Kinetic Molecular Theory: Gas Particle Size
Kinetic Molecular Theory: Gas Particle Size
Gases are made up of tiny particles that are far apart and don't take up much space. These particles can be thought of as points with mass but no size.
Kinetic Molecular Theory: Gas Particle Motion
Kinetic Molecular Theory: Gas Particle Motion
Gas particles are constantly moving in random directions and collide with each other. These collisions are like perfect bounces, with no energy lost.
Kinetic Molecular Theory: Gas Particle Interactions
Kinetic Molecular Theory: Gas Particle Interactions
Gas particles don't attract or repel each other. They just move freely without interacting significantly.
Kinetic Molecular Theory: Temperature and KE
Kinetic Molecular Theory: Temperature and KE
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Maxwell Speed Distribution
Maxwell Speed Distribution
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Study Notes
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
- Gas laws help predict gas behavior but don't explain expansion on heating.
- Assumptions of kinetic theory:
- Gases are composed of molecules separated by large distances, with negligible volume.
- Molecules are in constant, random motion.
- Molecular collisions are perfectly elastic.
- No attractive or repulsive forces between molecules.
- Average kinetic energy is proportional to temperature (in Kelvin). Two gases at same temperature have same average kinetic energy.
- Kinetic energy (KE) equation: KE = ½mu²
Distribution of Molecular Speeds
- Maxwell speed distribution curves show:
- Some molecules have slow speeds and others have fast speeds.
- Most molecules have speeds between slow and fast.
- Higher temperatures correlate to faster speeds.
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