IDEA: Policies and Legal Requirements

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Questions and Answers

Which principle of IDEA ensures that students with disabilities are educated alongside their non-disabled peers to the greatest extent appropriate?

  • Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) (correct)
  • Procedural Safeguards
  • Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE)
  • Individualized Education Program (IEP)

What is the primary focus of 'Procedural Safeguards' under IDEA?

  • Guaranteeing access to free transportation for students with disabilities
  • Mandating specific disciplinary actions for students with disabilities
  • Providing funding for private school placements for students with disabilities
  • Ensuring the rights of students and families are protected throughout the special education process (correct)

Prior to the Education for All Handicapped Children Act, what was the reality for many students with disabilities?

  • They were often excluded from public schools. (correct)
  • They automatically received Individualized Education Programs (IEPs).
  • They were guaranteed free and appropriate public education.
  • Their parents had extensive rights in educational decision-making.

Which component of IDEA ensures that public schools develop customized plans for students with disabilities?

<p>Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA), later renamed IDEA, passed in 1975?

<p>It guaranteed Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) and required IEPs for students with disabilities. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under IDEA, what does 'Free and Appropriate Public Education' (FAPE) mean?

<p>All students, regardless of ability, receive education tailored to their needs at no cost. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the role of parents under IDEA?

<p>Parents are active participants in decision-making regarding their child's education. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is 'Appropriate Evaluation' a critical component of IDEA?

<p>To accurately identify and address students' specific needs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a school attempts to change a student's IEP without properly informing the parents, which principle of IDEA is being violated?

<p>Parent and Student Participation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year was the Education for All Handicapped Children Act authorized and renamed to IDEA?

<p>1990 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental principle of IDEA?

<p>Common Core Standards (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student with a disability is performing well in a general education classroom with some accommodations. However, the school suggests placing the student in a separate special education classroom for the majority of the day. Which principle of IDEA does this potentially violate?

<p>Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A school district decides to reduce funding for special education services due to budgetary constraints. How might this impact the district's adherence to IDEA?

<p>It would potentially violate the principle of Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) if students no longer receive tailored services. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between Public Law 94-142 and IDEA?

<p>Public Law 94-142 is the original name of the law that was later reauthorized and renamed IDEA. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle emphasizes accurate evaluations?

<p>Appropriate Evaluation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the long-term goal of Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) as a component of IDEA?

<p>To prepare students with disabilities for further education, employment, and independent living in society. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) directly support the practical application of Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE)?

<p>IEPs outline the specific services and accommodations necessary to meet a student's unique educational needs within the scope of FAPE. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A teacher suspects a student has a learning disability but the school refuses to conduct an evaluation. Which of IDEA's principles is being violated?

<p>Appropriate Evaluation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student with a disability is excluded from a field trip because the school claims they cannot provide the necessary support. What principle of IDEA might this violate?

<p>Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of IDEA, what does 'procedural' refer to in Procedural Safeguards?

<p>The process and steps that must be followed to ensure fairness and protect rights. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the IEP outlines the specific academic and functional performance of the student?

<p>Present Levels of Performance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do IEPs address the requirement that students with disabilities participate in state and district-wide assessments?

<p>By providing accommodations and modifications to ensure fair participation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student's IEP includes 'transition plans.' What educational stage does this component primarily address?

<p>High school and post-secondary planning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the IEP specifies how a student's progress toward meeting annual goals will be measured and reported?

<p>Progress Monitoring (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors determine the 'Duration of Services' component within an IEP?

<p>The student's unique needs and goals as outlined in the IEP (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'Accommodations and Modifications' section of an IEP?

<p>To outline strategies that support the student’s learning without changing the curriculum standards. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does IDEA ensure that students with disabilities have access to the general education curriculum?

<p>Through accommodations and modifications outlined in the IEP and promoting participation with non-disabled children. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which IDEA eligibility category might apply to a student with significant limitations in adaptive behavior and intellectual functioning?

<p>Intellectual Disability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student who struggles with reading, writing, or mathematics despite having normal intelligence might be classified under which IDEA category?

<p>Specific Learning Disability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes 'Multiple Disabilities' as an eligibility category under IDEA?

<p>Having more than one disability that creates such significant educational needs that they cannot be accommodated in special education programs solely for one of the impairments. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which IDEA eligibility category includes conditions like epilepsy, diabetes, and asthma that affect a student's educational performance?

<p>Other Health Impairment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances would a student be classified under the 'Deaf-Blindness' category of IDEA?

<p>If they have both hearing and visual impairments, the combination of which causes such severe communication and other developmental and educational needs that they cannot be accommodated in special education programs solely for one of the impairments. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student who has limited strength and motor coordination challenges may qualify for special education services under which of the following categories?

<p>Orthopedic Impairment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does IDEA define 'Emotional Disturbance'?

<p>A condition exhibiting one or more specific characteristics over a long period of time and to a marked degree that adversely affects educational performance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key distinction between an 'Annual Goal' and 'Present Level of Performance' within an IEP?

<p>Annual goals represent the aspirations for the student, while present levels describe the student's starting point. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an essential component of an IEP, ensuring that students with disabilities are involved with their non-disabled peers to the maximum extent appropriate?

<p>Participation with Non-Disabled Children (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct number of eligibility categories under IDEA?

<p>13 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct number of required parts of an IEP?

<p>9 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student is having difficulty communicating effectively with peers and teachers due to articulation errors and limited vocabulary. Which IDEA eligibility category is most applicable?

<p>Speech or Language Impairment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student experiences a traumatic brain injury (TBI) due to a car accident, leading to cognitive and physical impairments. Under which category of IDEA would this student likely be eligible for special education and related services?

<p>Traumatic Brain Injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a scenario where a student spends part of their day in a general education classroom and part in a special education classroom, which Least Restrictive Environment option does this represent?

<p>Partial inclusion classroom (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a student requires a highly specialized educational program that cannot be provided within their local school district, which placement option aligns with Least Restrictive Environment principles?

<p>Specialized program outside the school district (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best way a general education teacher can support the success of students with disabilities in their classroom?

<p>Develop the lesson plans that facilitate learning and engagement for all students. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should a general education teacher approach the task of monitoring the progress of students with disabilities in their classroom?

<p>Monitor the progress of all students regularly. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what specific way can general education teachers contribute to the development and implementation of necessary accommodations for students with disabilities?

<p>Collaborate with the SPED Teachers to develop and implement necessary accommodations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general education teacher's role in creating a support plan for students with disabilities?

<p>Work with the SPED Teachers to create a support plan benefiting all students. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often should a general education teacher update SPED teachers about the performance of students with disabilities in their classes?

<p>Regularly update the SPED Teacher performance of students with disabilities in class. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of educators communicating effectively with students and their families, as outlined in IDEA?

<p>To foster a collaborative partnership that supports the student's educational development (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a general education classroom setting, what is the most effective way to implement accommodations and modifications for a student with disabilities?

<p>Openly and collaboratively, ensuring the student understands the purpose of each accommodation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key benefit of general education teachers and SPED teachers working together to create support programs for students with disabilities?

<p>Creating comprehensive plans that leverage diverse expertise and perspectives (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Within the context of IDEA and Least Restrictive Environment (LRE), what does 'with support' primarily refer to in the 'General education classroom with support' scenario?

<p>Additional aids, services, and accommodations to facilitate the student's learning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the regular monitoring of student progress, as emphasized by IDEA, crucial for general education teachers?

<p>To identify student needs and adjust instructional strategies accordingly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does 'communication' between general educators, SPED teachers, and families benefit students with disabilities under IDEA?

<p>It creates a shared understanding of the student's needs and goals, fostering a united support system. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential consequence of a general education teacher neglecting to regularly update SPED teachers on the performance of students with disabilities?

<p>Missed opportunities to refine and adjust IEP goals and support strategies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a co-teaching environment, how can general education teachers and special education teachers most effectively collaborate to develop lesson plans that are accessible to all students?

<p>Both teachers collaboratively design the lesson from the outset, incorporating universal design principles. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What approach best reflects the principle of Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) when integrating technology to support students with disabilities in a general education classroom?

<p>Utilizing technology that benefits all students while also providing specific accommodations as needed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student using assistive technology in a general education classroom is facing unintentional stigmatization from peers. What action should the general education teacher take to address this issue?

<p>Emphasize the value of assistive technology for all students and promote understanding and acceptance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most accurate way for a general education teacher to contribute to the IEP process for students with disabilities in their classroom?

<p>Provide ongoing feedback and observations about the student's performance and learning style (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the practical implication of ‘Regularly Update the SPED Teacher’ regarding student performance, within the context of a general education teacher's responsibilities under IDEA?

<p>To contribute to a continuous feedback loop that informs instructional adaptations and IEP modifications. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does collaboration between general and special education teachers directly enhance the learning experience for students with disabilities in inclusive settings?

<p>It ensures specialized knowledge is applied effectively to tailor instruction and support. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a special education teacher demonstrate professionalism, according to the ethical principles?

<p>By maintaining high competence and integrity, and using sound judgment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action best reflects advocating for adequate resources and favorable conditions as a special education teacher?

<p>Requesting specific technology and support staff to enhance student's learning environment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can special education teachers ensure comprehensive support for students, according to ethical guidelines?

<p>By collaborating with colleagues to leverage diverse expertise and resources. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of special education teachers implementing evidence-based practices?

<p>To ensure instructional approaches are informed by data, research, and professional knowledge. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential for special education teachers to focus on their own professional development and growth?

<p>To remain current with evolving practices and enhance student outcomes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a Section 504 plan differ from an IEP in terms of eligibility?

<p>A Section 504 plan has a broader definition of disability, potentially including students who don't qualify for an IEP. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should a special education teacher do to ensure the physical and emotional wellbeing of students with exceptionalities?

<p>Create a safe and supportive learning environment that addresses their holistic needs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Following ethical guidelines, what measures should special education teachers take to avoid actions that may harm individuals?

<p>Adhere to professional ethics and standards, especially concerning confidentiality and respect. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In partnering with families, what approach should a special education teacher take to cultivate mutual respect?

<p>Actively solicit family involvement in educational decision-making processes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can special education teachers best share and disseminate professional knowledge and skills?

<p>By actively participating in professional development and collaborating with colleagues. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does maintaining high expectations for students with exceptionalities relate to ethical practice?

<p>It motivates students to achieve their optimal learning outcomes while respecting their backgrounds and dignity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way special education teachers actively encourage meaningful participation from students with exceptionalities?

<p>By providing opportunities for students to express their opinions and preferences. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding Section 504 important for special education teachers, even if a student has an IEP?

<p>Because some students may qualify for 504 protections even if they don't meet IDEA's criteria for an IEP. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can special education teachers effectively balance the need for high expectations with the principle of avoiding harm to students?

<p>By adapting expectations to suit individual needs whilst supporting growth and avoiding damaging pressure. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might a special education teacher demonstrate a commitment to active involvement and meaningful participation for students with severe cognitive disabilities?

<p>By designing activities that allow expression or choice, regardless of typical academic outcomes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would be a violation of the ethical principle to avoid actions that may harm individuals?

<p>Disclosing student's disability information to unauthorized personnel. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does cultivating partnerships with families impact the special education process?

<p>It fosters a collaborative environment leading to more effective support for the student. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A special education teacher notices a pattern of inequitable access to technology for their students compared to general education students. How should they address this?

<p>Advocate for equitable resources and favorable conditions to improve educational outcomes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can a special education teacher balance the ethical principle of implementing evidence-based practices with the need to individualize instruction?

<p>Use evidence-based practices as a foundation, adapting them based on student data and needs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what situation might a student qualify for a Section 504 plan but not an IEP?

<p>A student with ADHD who needs classroom accommodations but doesn't require specialized instruction. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does providing visual aids and graphic organizers primarily support students with learning differences?

<p>By enhancing comprehension and organization of information. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might flexible seating arrangements be beneficial for certain students?

<p>They can help students with sensory or attention needs to better focus. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of peer assistance and note-taking support as an accommodation?

<p>To enable access to information and support comprehension and retention. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is it most appropriate to allow the use of a calculator or extra paper as an accommodation?

<p>During math tests to support students who struggle with computation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of simplified assignments or assessments as a modification?

<p>To adjust the content, format, or expectations to align with a student's cognitive abilities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might a teacher use altered grading criteria as a modification for a student?

<p>To evaluate students based on individual progress, mastery, or essential skills. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do alternative assignments or projects primarily benefit students?

<p>They enable students to demonstrate understanding and creativity in ways that align with their interests. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does curriculum simplification or differentiation involve?

<p>Tailoring instructional content, pace, or depth to meet students' diverse needs and readiness levels. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios illustrates the use of 'extended time' as an accommodation?

<p>Giving a student additional time to finish a test or assignment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the modification, 'altered grading criteria,' support students who struggle with standardized assessments?

<p>By evaluating students based on their individual progress and mastery of essential skills, rather than a fixed standard. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student with dyslexia is struggling to understand a complex text. Which accommodation would be most appropriate to support their comprehension?

<p>Providing visual aids and graphic organizers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student consistently fails to complete assignments due to difficulty focusing and managing time. Which accommodation might best address this issue?

<p>Extended time on assignments. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student who is gifted but unmotivated in math class might benefit most from which type of modification?

<p>Alternative projects that align with their interests. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario would curriculum simplification be the most appropriate modification?

<p>When a student is struggling to grasp core concepts due to cognitive delays. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student finds it difficult to concentrate in a busy, visually stimulating classroom. Which accommodation would likely be most helpful?

<p>Flexible seating arrangements. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do accommodations differ from modifications in supporting students?

<p>Accommodations change how a student learns the material, while modifications change what a student is expected to learn. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates the use of peer assistance as an accommodation?

<p>A student is paired with a classmate to review notes and study together. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can educators appropriately use 'altered grading criteria' as a modification to support students with disabilities?

<p>Adjusting grading to emphasize effort and improvement over strict adherence to standardized metrics. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A history teacher wants to support a student who struggles with traditional essay assignments. Which modification is most suitable?

<p>Assigning the student an alternative project, such as a presentation or a visual display, on the same historical topic. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does providing 'other supports' like calculators and extra paper primarily assist students during math tests?

<p>By reducing the cognitive load associated with calculations, allowing students to focus on problem-solving. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do 504 plans primarily support students in the general education classroom?

<p>By offering accommodations to facilitate access to the curriculum. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference in eligibility requirements between students with IEPs and those with 504 plans?

<p>Students with IEPs must demonstrate a disability impacting educational performance under IDEA, while 504 students must have a disability that substantially limits a major life activity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately distinguishes IEPs from 504 plans regarding their level of detail and formality?

<p>504 plans are shorter and less detailed, whereas IEPs are extensive and formal. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under which governing legislation do IEPs and 504 plans fall, respectively?

<p>IEPs are governed by IDEA, while 504 plans are governed by Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the scope of services provided in IEPs compared to 504 plans?

<p>IEPs provide a broader range of services, including specialized instruction, while 504 plans primarily offer accommodations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for educators to familiarize themselves with a student's 504 plan?

<p>To understand the student's specific accommodations and needs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does consistent implementation of accommodations benefit students with 504 plans?

<p>It ensures students receive the support necessary to access and participate in their education. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial for educators to monitor and adjust accommodations outlined in a 504 plan?

<p>To determine if the accommodations are effectively supporting the student's progress and make necessary changes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of creating an inclusive environment for students with 504 plans?

<p>To ensure every student feels welcomed, supported, and has a sense of belonging. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of 504 plan implementation, what does it mean for an educator to 'advocate' for a student?

<p>To ensure the student's needs are met, their rights are protected, and to collaborate with parents. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best exemplifies the 'collaborate' responsibility in implementing 504 plans?

<p>Working with all teachers and administrators to provide consistent support for the student. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do procedural safeguards primarily function within the framework of IDEA and IEPs?

<p>To ensure parental and student rights are protected throughout the special education process. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do IEPs ensure students benefit from 'specialized academic instruction'?

<p>By providing individualized teaching methods and strategies tailored to their specific learning needs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do 'related services' play in supporting a student's IEP?

<p>They offer support services, like speech therapy or counseling, that help the student benefit from special education. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does progress monitoring contribute to the effectiveness of an IEP?

<p>It provides data to inform instructional decisions and adjustments to the IEP. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of accommodations in both IEPs and 504 plans?

<p>To provide the student with supports so that they can access and demonstrate learning. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinction between providing accommodations and specialized instruction within an educational context?

<p>Accommodations provide access, while specialized instruction adapts the delivery of content. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to understand the legal protections of Section 504, even when working primarily with students who have IEPs?

<p>Because Section 504 offers broader protections against discrimination based on disability, which may apply even if a student doesn't qualify for an IEP. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor primarily differentiates students served under Section 504 from those with Individualized Education Programs (IEPs)?

<p>The severity of the disability's impact on a major life activity versus educational performance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the LEAST important responsibility of admin working with SPED teachers?

<p>Familiarize Yourself. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Title III aim to bolster the academic involvement of English Learners (ELs)?

<p>By providing funds for English proficiency programs, enabling academic participation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of Title III in relation to state standards for English language instruction?

<p>To ensure EL instruction aligns with state standards. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does Title III seek to strengthen the capabilities of educators working with English Learners (ELs)?

<p>By supplying professional development to improve teaching skills. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What specific action does Title III take to address obstacles to academic success encountered by English Learners?

<p>Providing resources to reduce barriers to academic achievements. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Outside of the classroom, how does Title III foster support for English Learners (ELs)?

<p>Promoting parental and community engagement. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key provision guaranteed by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)?

<p>Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) for eligible children with disabilities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act?

<p>Safeguarding the rights of individuals with disabilities in programs receiving federal aid. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which legislation was reauthorized by the No Child Left Behind Act and provides funding to help programs for English Learners?

<p>Title III. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do IDEA and Section 504 relate to students with disabilities?

<p>Both ensure rights and protections; IDEA provides FAPE, while Section 504 prohibits discrimination. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What common goal do Title III and IDEA share, despite their distinct focuses?

<p>Improving educational outcomes for specific student populations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might a school district use funds provided under Title III?

<p>To develop specialized English language programs that align with state standards. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical distinction between IDEA and Title III in terms of student eligibility?

<p>IDEA serves students with disabilities, while Title III serves English Learners. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Section 504 interface with Title III and IDEA in supporting students with disabilities who are also English Learners?

<p>Section 504 ensures students with disabilities who are also ELs aren't discriminated against in federally funded programs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does parental involvement play in the context of Title III, IDEA, and Section 504?

<p>Parental involvement is promoted differently across the laws. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What steps might a SPED teacher take to address obstacles to academic success encountered by English Learners?

<p>Providing resources to reduce barriers to academic achievements. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Regarding academic standards, how can SPED teachers help ELs?

<p>To ensure EL instruction aligns with state standards. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When helping ELs, what should an educator keep in mind?

<p>To supply professional development to improve teaching skills. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What approach should the teacher take with the students to help them with Title III?

<p>Promoting parental and community engagement. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Title III promote funding?

<p>By providing funds for English proficiency programs, enabling academic participation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can Title III resources help in preparing for English only settings?

<p>Providing resources to reduce barriers to academic achievements. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of upgrading curricula under Title III funding?

<p>To better meet the needs of English Learners (ELs). (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity is supported through Title III funding, directly benefiting educators working with ELs?

<p>Providing professional development opportunities. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do parent workshops, funded under Title III, aim to improve outcomes for ELs?

<p>By supporting children's language development and academic success. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Title III funding in supporting Language Instruction Educational Programs?

<p>It provides funding to states and districts for these programs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Title III enhance the academic achievements of English Learners (ELs)?

<p>By helping ELs develop English proficiency while meeting academic standards. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the hiring of bilingual teachers support the goals of Title III?

<p>It provides ELs with instructors who can communicate and teach in their native language. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of offering English Language Development (ELD) classes under Title III?

<p>To provide intensive support for ELs to improve their English proficiency. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is providing tutoring or mentoring considered a key component of Title III language instruction?

<p>To provide individualized support, addressing specific learning needs of ELs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of offering materials in multiple languages as part of Title III initiatives?

<p>To support initial comprehension and engagement for ELs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of 'Monitoring and Evaluating EL Students' within language instruction educational programs?

<p>To use timely and valid identification and screening methods for appropriate support. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which law ensures that EL students with disabilties are given the same rights as all other students with disabilities?

<p>Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What component is a key area of focus in the 'Program Structure and Focus' of Language Instruction Educational Programs?

<p>Vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, and cultural context. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key element of 'Best Practices for EL Programs' to help ensure success?

<p>Employing trained teachers and avoiding segregation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of 'Exiting and Ongoing Support' for EL students?

<p>To exit students upon achieving English proficiency and continue monitoring to ensure success. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do collaborative teaching models benefit EL students under Title III?

<p>By integrating language and content instruction, enhancing both language skills and subject knowledge. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a teacher's responsibility in ensuring appropriate support for EL students?

<p>To ensure appropriate support by monitoring and evaluating students. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should teachers focus on while helping ELs in best practice programs?

<p>Ensuring equal participation opportunities by employing trained teachers and avoiding segregation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is exiting and ongoing support important once ELs achieve English proficiency?

<p>To ensure they remain successful in their academic pursuits. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary aim of implementing effective language instruction programs, as highlighted in Title III?

<p>To ensure EL students swiftly attain academic success. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way do laws governing LIEP (Language Instruction Educational Programs) ensure appropriate language programs, according to Title III?

<p>By providing that both IDEA and ESSA be state-level laws and policies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'exceptionality' broadly encompass in the context of special education?

<p>Any unique characteristic or circumstance that shapes a student's learning and may necessitate specialized educational support and services. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student demonstrates significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior. Under which IDEA disability category would this student likely be classified?

<p>Intellectual Disability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing characteristic of the 'Deaf-Blindness' category under IDEA?

<p>Co-occurring hearing and visual impairments that significantly impact communication and learning. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a student who might be classified under the 'Other Health Impairment' category of IDEA?

<p>A student diagnosed with ADHD who has difficulty focusing in class. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student exhibits physical disabilities affecting their mobility and motor skills, but has average to above average cognitive abilities. Which IDEA category is most appropriate?

<p>Orthopedic Impairment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student struggles primarily with speech sounds, language formation, or communication in general. Which IDEA category is most appropriate?

<p>Speech or Language Impairment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Language Instruction Educational Programs (LIEP) in relation to English Learners (ELs) with disabilities?

<p>To ensure that ELs with disabilities receive appropriate language support while addressing their special education needs under IDEA or Section 504. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of monitoring exited students as part of Language Proficiency and Disability Determination?

<p>To ensure they do not prematurely exit language support programs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student experiences a traumatic brain injury from a sports accident. How would this condition be categorized under IDEA?

<p>The injury would be categorized as a Traumatic Brain Injury and the student would receive services that cater to their physical and cognitive impairments. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Language Proficiency and Disability determination entail?

<p>The determination involves identifying and evaluating EL students under IDEA or Section 504 while considering their English and academic progress. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of disability is Autism Spectrum Disorder?

<p>A developmental disorder impacting both verbal and nonverbal communication that impact interactions and educational performance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student who is processing information linguistically through hearing alone requires...

<p>Hearing amplification. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does emotional disturbance impact education?

<p>Emotional disturbance includes mental disorders that affect a student's education. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disability is a visual impairment?

<p>Visual impairment (including blindness) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student presents with Intellectual Disability (ID). What limitations can this student have?

<p>Significant limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario exemplifies the need for identifying and evaluating ELs with disabilities, as emphasized in the Language Proficiency and Disability Determination process?

<p>An EL student's academic struggles are solely attributed to their limited English proficiency without considering potential underlying disabilities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes Multiple Disabilities?

<p>Multiple disabilities are disabilities occurring at the same time in the same person. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a step when assessing the Language Proficiency and Disability Determination?

<p>Consider students who are not ELs and give placement based on progress. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be a possible cause of Specific Learning Disability?

<p>A problem with understanding or using language when written and/or spoken. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student has difficulty in their verbal and nonverbal interactions and communication, how would this be categorized?

<p>This would be categorized as ASD. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student struggles with understanding and manipulating numerical concepts in math. Which of the following disabilities is most likely the cause?

<p>Dyscalculia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of assistive technology would be most beneficial for a student with a sensory disability related to hearing?

<p>Assistive Listening Devices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student with limited mobility requires assistance moving around the school building and participating in physical activities. Which combination of physical disability supports would be most appropriate?

<p>Adaptive Equipment and Modified Physical Education (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary challenge experienced by individuals with dysgraphia?

<p>Difficulty with handwriting, spelling, and expressing thoughts on paper (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying cause of Fragile X Syndrome, a developmental disability?

<p>A genetic disorder caused by changes in the FMR1 gene (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios would suggest a student might need accessible facilities as a support for a physical disability?

<p>A student who uses a wheelchair and needs ramps and accessible restrooms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student with ADHD struggles with focus, acts impulsively, and is often overly active. How do these characteristics typically impact their learning environment?

<p>They face challenges with attention, organization, and self-control (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following exemplifies how modified physical education can support a student with a physical disability?

<p>Adapting activities to accommodate a student's physical limitations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between dyslexia and dyscalculia?

<p>Dyslexia affects reading skills, while dyscalculia affects math skills (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might 'flexible seating' arrangements primarily benefit students with physical disabilities or other health impairments?

<p>By allowing students to choose positions that accommodate their physical needs or comfort (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accommodations would be most appropriate for a student with a sensory disability related to vision?

<p>Providing braille materials (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student with Tourette Syndrome may exhibit which of the following behaviors that could impact their learning environment?

<p>Sudden, involuntary movements or vocalizations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates intellectual disabilities from specific learning disorders?

<p>Intellectual disabilities involve limitations in both intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, while learning disorders affect specific academic skills (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key characteristic of Autism Spectrum Disorder that can impact a student's educational experience?

<p>Challenges with communication, social interaction, and repetitive behaviors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can personal assistance support students with physical disabilities in an educational setting?

<p>By assisting with tasks like mobility, hygiene, or note-taking (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student who needs help understanding basic math concepts might be exhibiting symptoms of which disability?

<p>Dyscalculia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which accommodation would be most beneficial for a student with Cerebral Palsy?

<p>Adaptive Equipment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student who needs to break down the sounds in words accurately and fluently needs help with which disability?

<p>Dyslexia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following supports or equipment best supports those with sensory disabilities?

<p>Braille Materials (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

While one has a health impairment, what is something they might experience?

<p>Unexpected twitches (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

FAPE (Free and Appropriate Public Education)

Ensures all students receive education tailored to their needs at no cost, regardless of ability.

Appropriate Evaluation

Accurate evaluations to identify and address students' specific needs.

IEPs (Individualized Education Programs)

Customized plans outlining goals and support for students with a disability.

LRE (Least Restrictive Environment)

Students with disabilities are included in general education settings whenever possible.

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Parent and Student Participation

Families and students are actively involved in educational decision-making.

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Procedural Safeguards

Ensures students' and families' rights are protected, guaranteeing fair processes.

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History Before IDEA

Before 1970s, students with disabilities weren't allowed in schools; this changed with the Education for All Handicapped Children Act in 1975.

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Education for All Handicapped Children Act

Landmark law guaranteeing free and appropriate public education and required IEPs for students with disabilities, later evolving into IDEA in 1990.

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Autism (IDEA Category)

A disability category under IDEA that includes challenges in social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors.

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Deaf-Blindness

A dual disability involving both vision and hearing impairments, significantly affecting communication and development.

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Deafness (IDEA)

A hearing impairment so severe that a child is unable to process linguistic information through hearing, with or without amplification.

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Emotional Disturbance (IDEA)

A condition exhibiting one or more characteristics over a long period and to a marked degree that adversely affects a child's educational performance.

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Hearing Impairment (IDEA)

Impairment in hearing, whether permanent or fluctuating, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance.

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Intellectual Disability (IDEA)

Significantly sub-average general intellectual functioning, existing concurrently with deficits in adaptive behavior.

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Visual Impairment (IDEA)

Impairment in vision that, even with correction, adversely affects a child’s educational performance.

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Multiple Disabilities (IDEA)

Concomitant impairments (such as intellectual disability-blindness or intellectual disability-orthopedic impairment).

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Orthopedic Impairment (IDEA)

Severe orthopedic impairment that adversely affects a child’s educational performance.

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Other Health Impairment (IDEA)

Having limited strength, vitality, or alertness, including a heightened alertness to environmental stimuli, that results in limited alertness with respect to the educational environment.

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Specific Learning Disability (IDEA)

A disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written.

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Speech or Language Impairment

Communication disorders that adversely affect a child’s educational performance.

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Traumatic Brain Injury (IDEA)

An acquired injury to the brain caused by an external physical force, resulting in total or partial functional disability or psychosocial impairment.

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Present Levels of Performance

Describes the student's current academic performance and functional abilities in the IEP.

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Annual Goals (IEP)

Specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound goals for the student to achieve within a year.

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Special Education and Related Services

Outlines the special education services, related services, and supplementary aids and services the student will receive.

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Participation with Non-Disabled Children

Explains the extent, if any, to which the student will not participate with non-disabled children in regular classes and activities.

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Participation in Assessments

Includes any individual accommodations necessary for the child to participate in state and district-wide assessments.

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Transition Plan (IEP)

For students 16 or older, the plan must include measurable post-secondary goals.

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Progress Monitoring (IEP)

States how the student's progress toward meeting the annual goals will be measured and when the parents will be regularly informed of their progress.

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General Education Classroom with Support

Students spend the entire day in a general education setting with extra supports.

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Partial Inclusion Classroom

Students divide their time between a general education classroom and a special education classroom, receiving targeted instruction.

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Special Education Class

Students receive instruction in a specialized setting tailored to their unique learning requirements.

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Specialized Program Outside School District

Students participate in programs outside the traditional school environment, within a specialized setting.

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Develop Inclusive Lesson Plans

Teachers create learning experiences that are accessible and interesting for everyone.

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Monitor Student Progress Regularly

Teachers assess student's progress to ensure they are on track and meeting learning goals.

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Effective Communication

Teachers communicate and work with families to support student's success.

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SPED Collaboration: Develop Accommodations

Teachers work together to create individualized plans that meet student's specific needs.

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SPED Collaboration: Create Support Plans

Teachers work together to provide a framework that enables student's success.

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Update SPED Teacher Regularly

Teachers must update the SPED teacher about the performance of student's with disabilities in the class.

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Demonstrate Professionalism

Upholding competence through continuous learning, sound judgment, and integrity.

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Professional Development

Actively seek growth opportunities to contribute to the field of special education.

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Share Professional Knowledge

Disseminating knowledge & skills to enhance educational practices in the field.

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Ensure Wellbeing

Guarantee the safety and wellness of students with exceptionalities.

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Advocate for Resources

Supporting appropriate funding and positive environments for students' success.

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Collaborate with Colleagues

Working with co-workers to provide all-encompassing support for students with special needs.

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Implement Evidence-Based Practices

Incorporating reliable methods into teaching for best results.

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Cultivate Partnerships

Forging connections with families based on respect and shared decision-making

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High Expectations

Establishing ambitious benchmarks for students with exceptionalities.

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Avoid Harmful Actions

Preventing actions that might harm students.

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Section 504 Plans

Section 504's definition of disability is broader, and allows students who do not qualify for an IEP to get a 504 plan.

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Encourage Active Involvement

Promote active involvement and meaningful participation of students.

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Extended Time/Adjusted Format

Adjusting the format or timing of tests/assignments to accommodate students' needs.

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Visual Aids and Graphic Organizers

Using charts, diagrams, and other visual supports to improve understanding and organization.

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Flexible Seating Arrangements

Allowing students to choose where they sit to help them focus better.

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Peer Assistance and Note-Taking

Pairing students for note-taking and peer support to aid comprehension.

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Other Supports During Tests

Providing tools like calculators or extra paper during math assessments.

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Simplified Assignments

Modifying assignments to better suit students' cognitive abilities.

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Altered Grading Criteria

Adjusting grading criteria to evaluate progress and essential skills.

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Alternative Projects

Allowing students to show understanding through projects that match their interests.

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Curriculum Simplification

Changing instructional content to fit diverse learning needs.

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IEP (definition)

A legal document under IDEA that outlines specific goals, services, and supports for students with disabilities.

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504 Plan (definition)

A plan under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act that provides accommodations for students with disabilities in general education.

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IEP (characteristics)

Formal, detailed documents with annual goals, specific services, and progress measurement.

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504 Plan (characteristics)

Shorter, less detailed plans focused on accommodations and access.

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Familiarize Yourself

Review the student's 504 plan to understand their accommodations and needs.

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Collaborate (504)

Work with all teachers and administrators to provide consistent support for the student.

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Accommodate Consistently

Ensure students receive their accommodations consistently during lessons, assessments, and activities.

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Monitor and Adjust

Observe the student's progress with accommodations and report any changes in performance or behavior.

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Inclusive Environment

Create a welcoming environment that promotes support and belonging for all students.

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Advocate (504)

Ensure student needs are met and their rights are protected, while working with parents.

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Title III: English Proficiency

Title III provides funding to develop English skills, enabling participation in academics.

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Title III: Academic Standards

Title III assists in aligning English language instruction with state standards for ELs.

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Title III: Educator's Capacity

Title III funds professional development to improve educators' teaching skills.

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Title III: Prepare ELs

Title III provides resources to reduce barriers to academic achievements for ELs in English-only settings.

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Title III: Community Engagement

Title III encourages collaboration between families, communities, and schools to support EL students.

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IDEA

Federal law ensuring FAPE (Free and Appropriate Public Education) for children with disabilities.

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Section 504

A United States federal law that prohibits discrimination based on disability in programs and activities that receive federal financial assistance.

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Title III

Federal funding to develop English skills, aligning language instruction, enhancing educator capacity, reducing barriers and promoting collaboration.

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Title III Funding Purposes

Effective language instruction, upgraded curricula, professional development, and parent workshops.

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Title III Language Instruction Purposes

Funding, English proficiency development, bilingual teachers, classes, tutoring, and materials.

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Language Instruction Programs

Timely identification, laws; Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA), program structure, best practices, support.

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Monitoring EL Students

Ensures appropriate support for EL students through identification and screening.

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Laws Governing LIEP

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA).

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Program Structure

Focuses on vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, and cultural context.

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Best Practices for EL Programs

Sound programs, equal participation, communication with parents, trained teachers, avoiding segregations, and ongoing support.

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Exiting/Ongoing Support

Exiting students upon English proficiency with ongoing monitoring.

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Exceptionality

Unique characteristics/circumstances shaping a student's learning, possibly needing specialized support.

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LIEP Program Process

A four-step process that includes; tracking progress, identifying students with disabilities, exiting students with proficiency, and monitoring exited students.

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Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)

Acquired brain injury resulting in cognitive or physical impairments.

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Orthopedic Impairment

Physical disabilities affecting mobility or motor skills.

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Emotional Disturbance

Emotional, behavioral, or mental disorders affecting learning.

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Hearing Impairment

Hearing impairment that affects learning, even with amplification.

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Speech/Language Impairment

Difficulty with speech sounds, language, or communication.

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Other Health Impairment

Health conditions like ADHD, diabetes, or epilepsy affecting learning.

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Intellectual Disability

Significant limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior.

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Visual Impairment

Impairment in vision, including blindness, that affects learning.

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Specific Learning Disability

A problem with understanding or using language, whether spoken or written.

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Autism Spectrum Disorder

A developmental disorder impacting verbal/nonverbal communication, social interaction, and educational performance.

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Accessible Facilities

Barriers that can be removed and used for providing access to everyone.

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Adaptive Equipment

Tools or technologies that help people with disabilities to complete tasks.

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Flexible Seating

Offering a variety of seating options to accommodate physical and sensory needs.

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Personal Assistance

Individualized support to aid students with everyday tasks.

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Modified Physical Education

Adapting physical education to ensure all students can participate.

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Sign Language Interpreters

Professionals who translate spoken language into sign language.

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Braille Materials

Materials written in raised dots for tactile reading.

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Assistive Listening Devices

Devices that enhance sound for individuals with hearing difficulties.

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Tactile Markers

Raised or textured markers for those with visual impairments.

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ADHD

Neurodevelopmental disorder, inattention, impulsivity, hyperactivity.

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Asthma

Chronic disease, inflamed airways, makes it hard to breathe.

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Seizure Disorders

Neurological disorder causing sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the brain.

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Diabetes

Chronic metabolic disease, elevated blood glucose levels.

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Tourette Syndrome

Nervous system condition that causes sudden, repetitive movements or unwanted sounds (tics).

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Dyslexia

Learning disorder affecting ability to read, write, and spell.

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Dyscalculia

Learning disorder affecting the ability to understand and manipulate numbers.

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Dysgraphia

Learning disorder impacting the ability to write coherently.

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Cerebral Palsy

Disorders affecting movement, balance, and posture.

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Fragile X Syndrome

Genetic disorder deficiency of the FMRP protein.

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Study Notes

Language Proficiency and Disability Determination (LIEP Program Process - Four Steps)

  • Track English Learner (EL) students' English and academic progress
  • Identify and evaluate EL students with disabilities under IDEA or Section 504, considering their language needs
  • Exit students when they are proficient in English
  • Monitor exited students to avoid premature exits

Lesson 1: Students with Exceptionalities

  • Exceptionality refers to unique characteristics or circumstances that shape a student's learning and may require specialized educational support.

13 Disability Categories Covered by IDEA

  • Intellectual disability involves significant limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior.
  • Hearing impairment includes hearing loss that impacts learning even with amplification.
  • Speech or language impairment involves difficulties with speech sounds, language, or communication.
  • Visual impairment (including blindness) involves vision loss impacting learning.
  • Emotional disturbance includes emotional/behavioral issues or mental disorders impacting learning.
  • Orthopedic impairment involves physical disabilities affecting mobility or motor skills.
  • Autism spectrum disorder is a developmental disorder impacting verbal/nonverbal communication, social interaction, and educational performance.
  • Traumatic brain injury refers to acquired brain injury causing cognitive or physical impairments.
  • Other health impairment covers health conditions like ADHD, diabetes, or epilepsy affecting learning.
  • Specific learning disability involves a problem with understanding or using language, whether spoken or written.
  • Deaf-blindness: entails hearing and visual impairments occurring simultaneously.
  • Multiple disabilities: involves multiple disabilities occurring at the same time.
  • Deafness is a hearing impairment impairing the ability to process information linguistically with or without amplification.

Ethical Principles of Special Education Teachers

  • Establish high expectations for students with exceptionalities.
  • Demonstrate professionalism by maintaining high competence.
  • Encourage active involvement and meaningful participation.
  • Collaborate with colleagues for comprehensive support for students with exceptionalities.
  • Cultivate partnerships with families based on mutual respect.
  • Implement evidence-based practices.
  • Ensure the physical and emotional wellbeing of students with exceptionalities.
  • Avoid actions that may harm individuals with exceptionalities.
  • Advocate for adequate resources and favorable conditions.
  • Contribute actively to professional development and growth in the field.
  • Share and disseminate professional knowledge and skills to enhance educational practices.

Role and Responsibilities of Special Education Teachers

  • Establish high expectations for students with exceptionalities to achieve optimal learning outcomes while respecting individual backgrounds and dignity.
  • Demonstrate professionalism by maintaining high competence and integrity, using sound judgment to support students and their families.
  • Encourage the active involvement and meaningful participation of students with exceptionalities within their educational environments and communities.
  • Collaborate with colleagues to ensure comprehensive support for students with exceptionalities.
  • Cultivate partnerships with families based on mutual respect, and be involved in educational decision-making processes.
  • Implement evidence-based practices, instructional data, research findings, and professional knowledge to inform instructional approaches.
  • Ensure the physical and emotional wellbeing of students with exceptionalities.
  • Avoid any actions that may harm individuals with exceptionalities, and adhere to professional ethics and standards.
  • Advocate for adequate resources and favorable conditions to improve educational outcomes for students with exceptionalities.
  • Contribute actively to professional development and growth within the field of special education.
  • Share and disseminate professional knowledge and skills to enhance educational practices.
  • Section 504 has a broader definition of disability compared to the 13 categories in IDEA, allowing students who do not qualify for IEPs to receive 504 plans.

Physical Disabilities, Sensory Disabilities, and Other Health Impairment

  • Includes physical disabilities, sensory disabilities and other health impairments

Physical Disabilities

  • Characterized by accessible facilities, adaptive equipment, flexible seating, personal assistance, and modified physical education

Sensory Disabilities

  • Requires the assistance of sign language interpreters, braille materials, assistive listening devices, and tactile markers

Other Health Impairments

  • Encompasses conditions like ADHD, asthma, seizure disorders, diabetes, and Tourette Syndrome

Specific Learning Disorders

  • Includes Dyslexia, Dyscalculia and Dysgraphia

Dyslexia

  • A learning disorder affecting a person's ability to read, write, and spell accurately and fluently
  • Individuals may struggle to break down and manipulate the sounds in words

Dyscalculia

  • A learning disorder that affects a person's ability to understand and manipulate numbers and mathematical concepts
  • Individuals may struggle with basic arithmetic such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

Dysgraphia

  • A learning disorder affecting a person's ability to write coherently and effectively
  • Individuals may struggle with handwriting, spelling, and expressing their thoughts on paper.

Developmental Disabilities

  • Includes ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, cerebral palsy, fragile X syndrome, intellectual disabilities and tourette syndrome

ADHD

  • A neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and sometimes hyperactivity

Autism Spectrum Disorder

  • A developmental disorder that affects communication, behavior, and social interaction

Cerebral Palsy

  • A group of disorders that affect a person's ability to move and maintain balance and posture

Fragile X Syndrome

  • A genetic disorder caused by changes in the FMR1 gene, resulting in the absence or deficiency of the FMRP protein

Intellectual Disabilities

  • Limitations in a person's ability to learn at an expected level and function in daily life

Tourette Syndrome

  • A condition of the nervous system that causes people to have "tics," which are sudden twitches

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