ICT Strand Codes

Study Notes

ICT Strand Codes are a set of codes used to classify and organize information and communication technology (ICT) skills and knowledge
Each code represents a specific ICT skill or concept
Examples of ICT Strand Codes:
- IC.1: Understand the basic concepts of algorithms and data structures
- IC.2: Analyze a problem and develop a solution using algorithms and data structures
- IC.3: Design and implement a computer program to solve a problem
Uses of ICT Strand Codes:
- Assessing student learning and understanding of ICT concepts
- Identifying areas where students need additional support or instruction
- Developing curriculum and instructional materials

Algorithms:
- A set of instructions used to solve a problem or perform a task
- Examples: sorting, searching, and graph traversal
- Types: recursive, iterative, and dynamic
Data Structures:
- A way to organize and store data in a computer
- Examples: arrays, linked lists, stacks, and queues
- Types: linear, non-linear, and hierarchical
Key concepts:
- Big O notation: used to measure the complexity of an algorithm
- Trade-offs: space vs. time complexity
- Algorithm design techniques: divide and conquer, dynamic programming, and greedy algorithms

Computing Systems:
- Hardware: CPU, memory, input/output devices
- Software: operating system, applications, and utilities
- Types: desktop, laptop, mobile, and embedded systems
Networks:
- Types: LAN, WAN, Wi-Fi, and internet
- Network topologies: bus, star, ring, and mesh
- Network protocols: TCP/IP, HTTP, and FTP
Key concepts:
- System architecture: von Neumann and Harvard architectures
- Network architecture: client-server and peer-to-peer
- System security: threats, vulnerabilities, and protection mechanisms

Database:
- A collection of organized data
- Types: relational, object-oriented, and NoSQL
- Database models: entity-relationship, object-oriented, and network
Database Systems:
- Database management system (DBMS): manages and provides access to data
- Database languages: SQL, DML, and DDL
- Key concepts:
- Data modeling: conceptual, logical, and physical
- Database normalization: 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, and BCNF
- Database security: access control, authentication, and encryption

Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC):
- Phases: planning, analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance
- Models: waterfall, agile, and spiral
Programming Paradigms:
- Imperative: procedural and object-oriented
- Declarative: functional and logical
- Event-driven: programming using events and callbacks
Key concepts:
- Design principles: abstraction, encapsulation, and modularity
- Development methodologies: pair programming, code review, and testing
- Software testing: unit testing, integration testing, and system testing

ICT Strand Codes classify and organize ICT skills and knowledge
Each code represents a specific ICT skill or concept
Examples of ICT Strand Codes include IC.1, IC.2, and IC.3, which cover understanding algorithms and data structures, analyzing problems, and designing computer programs
ICT Strand Codes are used to assess student learning, identify areas for support, and develop curriculum materials

An algorithm is a set of instructions to solve a problem or perform a task
Examples of algorithms include sorting, searching, and graph traversal
Algorithm types include recursive, iterative, and dynamic
Data structures organize and store data in a computer
Examples of data structures include arrays, linked lists, stacks, and queues
Data structure types include linear, non-linear, and hierarchical
Big O notation measures algorithm complexity
Algorithm design techniques include divide and conquer, dynamic programming, and greedy algorithms

Computing systems consist of hardware (CPU, memory, input/output devices) and software (operating system, applications, and utilities)
Types of computing systems include desktop, laptop, mobile, and embedded systems
Network types include LAN, WAN, Wi-Fi, and internet
Network topologies include bus, star, ring, and mesh
Network protocols include TCP/IP, HTTP, and FTP
System architecture includes von Neumann and Harvard architectures
Network architecture includes client-server and peer-to-peer
System security involves threats, vulnerabilities, and protection mechanisms

The software development life cycle (SDLC) includes planning, analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance
SDLC models include waterfall, agile, and spiral
Programming paradigms include imperative, declarative, and event-driven
Design principles include abstraction, encapsulation, and modularity
Development methodologies include pair programming, code review, and testing
Software testing includes unit testing, integration testing, and system testing