10 Questions
What is extruded during the second meiotic division in oogenesis?
A half set of chromosomes and cytoplasm as the second polar body
What triggers the second meiotic division in oogenesis?
Sperm entry
What happens to the polar bodies in oogenesis?
They rapidly degenerate
How does oogenesis differ from spermatogenesis?
All of the above
How long does it take for oogenesis to develop from an oogonium to a mature ovum?
11 to 50 years
What remains in the mature ovum after the second meiotic division in oogenesis?
A full set of chromosomes and cytoplasm
What is the function of the polar bodies in oogenesis?
To rapidly degenerate
How does the length of the active steps in meiosis compare between males and females?
It is the same in both males and females.
What is ovulated during oogenesis?
The mature ovum
What is the function of the mature ovum in early development?
To provide all of the cytoplasmic components needed to support early development of the fertilized ovum.
Study Notes
- The secondary oocyte is ovulated and fertilized, not the mature ovum.
- Sperm entry triggers the second meiotic division.
- During this division, a half set of chromosomes and cytoplasm is extruded as the second polar body.
- The other half set of chromosomes remains in the mature ovum.
- The mature ovum provides all of the cytoplasmic components needed to support early development of the fertilized ovum.
- Three other cytoplasm-scarce daughter cells, the polar bodies, rapidly degenerate.
- Spermatogenesis and oogenesis have similar steps in chromosome distribution, but differ in cytoplasmic distribution and time span for completion.
- Oogenesis takes anywhere from 11 to 50 years to develop from an oogonium to a mature ovum.
- The developing eggs remain in meiotic arrest for a variable number of years.
- The length of the active steps in meiosis is the same in both males and females.
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