Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary characteristic of mental retardation according to ICD-10 guidelines?
What is the primary characteristic of mental retardation according to ICD-10 guidelines?
What is the main problem associated with mild mental retardation in academic settings?
What is the main problem associated with mild mental retardation in academic settings?
What is the majority of the case in moderate mental retardation?
What is the majority of the case in moderate mental retardation?
What is the primary method of confirming deficits in intellectual functions according to DSM-5 criteria?
What is the primary method of confirming deficits in intellectual functions according to DSM-5 criteria?
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What is a characteristic of profound mental retardation?
What is a characteristic of profound mental retardation?
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What is the primary feature of deficits in adaptive functioning?
What is the primary feature of deficits in adaptive functioning?
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In which environments can deficits in adaptive functioning limit an individual's functioning?
In which environments can deficits in adaptive functioning limit an individual's functioning?
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What is the primary purpose of the ICD-10 onset criterion?
What is the primary purpose of the ICD-10 onset criterion?
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Which of the following domains is NOT considered when assessing the severity of adaptive functioning deficits?
Which of the following domains is NOT considered when assessing the severity of adaptive functioning deficits?
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What is the primary focus of the 'practical' domain when assessing the severity of adaptive functioning deficits?
What is the primary focus of the 'practical' domain when assessing the severity of adaptive functioning deficits?
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Study Notes
ICD-10 Guidelines for Mental Retardation
- Mental retardation is defined as a condition of arrested or incomplete development of the mind, characterized by impairments of skills manifested in the developmental period.
- Impairments include cognitive, language, motor, and social abilities.
Severity of Mental Retardation (ICD-10)
- Mild: delayed speech acquisition, but eventual ability to use everyday speech; independent self-care; main problems in academic settings.
- Moderate: delayed speech acquisition with ultimate deficits in language use and comprehension; few acquire numeracy and literacy; occasionally capable of simple supervised work.
- Severe: similar to moderate, but with lower levels of achievement of visuospatial, language, or social skills; marked motor impairment and associated deficits.
- Profound: comprehension and use of language very limited; basic skills limited at best; organic aetiology clear in most cases; severe neurological and physical disabilities affecting mobility common.
DSM-5 Criteria for Intellectual Disability
- Deficits in intellectual functions confirmed by clinical judgement and individualized standardized intelligence testing.
- Deficits in adaptive functioning resulting in failure to meet developmental and sociocultural standards for personal independence and social responsibility.
- Without support, these deficits limit functioning in one or more activities of daily life across multiple environments.
Assessment of Severity (DSM-5)
- Conceptual domain: language, reading, writing, maths, reasoning, knowledge, and memory.
- Social domain: empathy, social judgement, communication skills, ability to make and retain friendships.
- Practical domain: personal care, job responsibilities, money management, recreation, school tasks.
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Description
Understand the ICD-10 definition of mental retardation, including its characteristics and symptoms. Learn about the effects on cognitive, language, motor, and social abilities.
