Questions and Answers
Scissors with tungsten carbide cutting edges are usually identified by:
Kerrison Laminectomy Rongeurs should be tested using:
Instruments are heat treated to give their surface a mirror (shiny) finish.
False
After applying instrument identification tape, instruments should be autoclaved to help the tape bond to the instrument.
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To properly test the sharpness of scissors four inches or less use:
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The purpose of a suction stylet is to:
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An osteotome is:
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Study Notes
Surgical Instruments Overview
- Stainless Steel: Alloy of steel with chromium, nickel, or molybdenum; highly resistant to rust and corrosion.
- Scissors: Used for cutting, incising, and dissecting tissue.
- Osteotomes: Chisel-like instruments designed to cut or shave bone.
- Chisel: Wedge-shaped instrument for cutting or shaping bone.
- Rongeurs: Instruments that cut or bite away at bone and tissue.
- Forceps: Grasp, hold firmly, or exert traction on objects.
- Hemostatic Forceps: Control blood flow during surgeries.
- Needle Holders: Used to hold needles while suturing; also called needle drivers.
Stainless Steel Types
- Martensitic Stainless Steel: 400 series; magnetic and heat-hardenable; used for sharp cutting edges.
- Austenitic Stainless Steel: 300 series; non-magnetic, not heat-hardenable, more corrosion-resistant.
Unique Instrument Features
- Serrations: Parallel grooves in jaws for improved grasping.
- Passivation: Chemical process for corrosion resistance; forms a transparent oxide film.
- Box Lock: Junction where instrument jaws pivot; crucial for instrument mechanics.
- Ratchet: Locks instruments to maintain their position.
Dissection and Retraction
- Retractors: Move tissues/organs to expose surgical sites.
- Cannulas: Hollow instruments for drainage purposes.
- Rib Spreaders: Retractors specifically designed for chest exposure.
- Suction Devices: Extract blood and fluids from surgical sites.
Checking Instrument Functions
- Testing Procedures: Specific materials (e.g., index cards, plastic dowel rods) used to assess sharpness and effectiveness of surgical instruments.
- Inspection Points: Regular checks on instruments, like ensuring thumb screws on speculums are functional.
Maintenance of Instruments
- Transport Protocol: Instruments should be moved to decontamination area as soon as possible after use.
- Cleaning Precautions: Avoid harmful solutions (e.g., saline, bleach) that accelerate rusting or damage.
- Passivation Layer: Requires protection from abrasive cleaners to maintain its integrity.
Instrument Marking and Identification
- Methods of Marking: Include acid-base etching, heat-fused nylon, and laser etching.
- Tape Application: Should be placed on the instrument's shank; wrapped 1.5 times for security.
Common Surgical Instruments and Functions
- Dressing Forceps: Manipulate tissues and pack surgical sites; have serrations, not teeth.
- Tungsten Carbide Blades: Preferred for their durability and sharpness in tissue dissection.
- Rongeurs Types: Different styles like Kerrison rongeurs specifically for spine surgeries.
Cautions and Compliance
- Material Damage Risks: Solutions not specified for surgical instruments should be avoided.
- Warranty Impact: Use of unapproved solutions like saline can void instrument warranties.
FAQs and Important Facts
- Scissors must cut through certain test materials multiple times to ensure effectiveness.
- Various surgical instruments must be autoclaved properly after labeling for effective identification.
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Description
Test your knowledge with flashcards covering key terms from Chapter 10 of the IAHCSMM CRCST 8th Edition. Learn about essential terms such as stainless steel and surgical instruments used in medical settings. This quiz is a great tool for those preparing for certification or looking to enhance their proficiency in sterile processing.
