Podcast
Questions and Answers
What effect does a hypertonic solution have on red blood cells?
What effect does a hypertonic solution have on red blood cells?
- Causes bursting of the cell membrane
- Has no effect on the cell size
- Causes shrinkage (crenation) as water moves out of the cell (correct)
- Causes swelling as water moves into the cell
What is the purpose of intravenous fluids?
What is the purpose of intravenous fluids?
- To keep cells hydrated (correct)
- To shrink cells
- To prevent cell expansion
- To dehydrate cells
What does osmolarity measure?
What does osmolarity measure?
- The weight of water pressing against walls
- The amount of pull or drawing power of a solution
- The number of osmoles/kg of water
- The number of osmoles/L of water (correct)
What is the normal osmolality range in the body?
What is the normal osmolality range in the body?
What exerts the oncotic pressure in the body?
What exerts the oncotic pressure in the body?
What is the primary function of hydrostatic pressure?
What is the primary function of hydrostatic pressure?
Which type of solution would cause cell expansion?
Which type of solution would cause cell expansion?
What happens to red blood cells in a hypotonic solution?
What happens to red blood cells in a hypotonic solution?
'Drawing power' is a term associated with which measurement?
'Drawing power' is a term associated with which measurement?
What is one of the indicators used to assess fluid status in patients?
What is one of the indicators used to assess fluid status in patients?
What is considered significant in terms of daily weight change for a patient?
What is considered significant in terms of daily weight change for a patient?
What type of output is included in the calculation of a patient's intake and output (I&O)?
What type of output is included in the calculation of a patient's intake and output (I&O)?
Why is it important to measure urine output in patients?
Why is it important to measure urine output in patients?
Which condition does a daily weight change of more than 2.2 lbs in 24 hours suggest?
Which condition does a daily weight change of more than 2.2 lbs in 24 hours suggest?
Which of the following is NOT typically included in a patient's intake calculation for I&O monitoring?
Which of the following is NOT typically included in a patient's intake calculation for I&O monitoring?
What should be done if a patient's urine output is less than 30cc/hr?
What should be done if a patient's urine output is less than 30cc/hr?
Which of the following is an example of output that should be considered when calculating a patient's I&O?
Which of the following is an example of output that should be considered when calculating a patient's I&O?
"Indicator of fluid status" is associated with which method of assessment?
"Indicator of fluid status" is associated with which method of assessment?
Which of the following is NOT a component of central venous pressure assessment?
Which of the following is NOT a component of central venous pressure assessment?
What is the normal range for serum sodium values?
What is the normal range for serum sodium values?
Which electrolyte is known for its role in neuromuscular irritability?
Which electrolyte is known for its role in neuromuscular irritability?
What is the normal range for serum potassium values?
What is the normal range for serum potassium values?
Which of the following is NOT an anion among the mentioned electrolytes?
Which of the following is NOT an anion among the mentioned electrolytes?
What is the pH range for maintaining normal arterial blood in the body?
What is the pH range for maintaining normal arterial blood in the body?
Respiratory acidosis is a type of acid-base imbalance that results from:
Respiratory acidosis is a type of acid-base imbalance that results from:
What does a pH value of 1.0 indicate on the pH scale?
What does a pH value of 1.0 indicate on the pH scale?
What equipment is used in intravenous therapy?
What equipment is used in intravenous therapy?
What is the purpose of an electronic infusion device (EID) in IV therapy?
What is the purpose of an electronic infusion device (EID) in IV therapy?
Which of the following is a complication associated with IV therapy?
Which of the following is a complication associated with IV therapy?
What is autologous transfusion?
What is autologous transfusion?
What is the main function of maintaining the IV system sterile and intact?
What is the main function of maintaining the IV system sterile and intact?
Which of the following is NOT a component used in blood component therapy?
Which of the following is NOT a component used in blood component therapy?
What is a common adverse effect of transfusion reactions?
What is a common adverse effect of transfusion reactions?
What does phlebitis refer to in IV therapy?
What does phlebitis refer to in IV therapy?
What action is taken when discontinuing peripheral IV access?
What action is taken when discontinuing peripheral IV access?
What is the definition of the pH scale?
What is the definition of the pH scale?
What is the purpose of acid buffering in the body?
What is the purpose of acid buffering in the body?
How is carbonic acid excreted from the body?
How is carbonic acid excreted from the body?
What is the main cause of respiratory acidosis?
What is the main cause of respiratory acidosis?
Which component is responsible for maintaining a balance between hydrogen ions and bicarbonate in the body?
Which component is responsible for maintaining a balance between hydrogen ions and bicarbonate in the body?
What are the two types of acidosis mentioned in the text?
What are the two types of acidosis mentioned in the text?
How do kidneys excrete metabolic acids?
How do kidneys excrete metabolic acids?
When is there excess carbonic acid in the blood?
When is there excess carbonic acid in the blood?
Flashcards
Hypertonic solution effect on RBCs
Hypertonic solution effect on RBCs
Causes red blood cells to shrink.
Intravenous fluids purpose
Intravenous fluids purpose
Replace lost fluids, electrolytes, and medications.
Osmolality measurement
Osmolality measurement
Measures solute concentration in a solution.
Normal body osmolality range
Normal body osmolality range
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Oncotic pressure origin
Oncotic pressure origin
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Hydrostatic pressure action
Hydrostatic pressure action
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Hypotonic solution effect on cells
Hypotonic solution effect on cells
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Osmotic pressure term
Osmotic pressure term
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Hypotonic solution and cell swelling
Hypotonic solution and cell swelling
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Fluid status indicator - Daily weight
Fluid status indicator - Daily weight
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Significant daily weight change
Significant daily weight change
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Fluid status indicator
Fluid status indicator
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Low urine output concern
Low urine output concern
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I&O intake components
I&O intake components
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I&O output components
I&O output components
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Urine output in I&O
Urine output in I&O
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Normal serum sodium value range
Normal serum sodium value range
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Potassium's role in the body
Potassium's role in the body
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Normal serum potassium value range
Normal serum potassium value range
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Chloride in electrolytes
Chloride in electrolytes
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Normal arterial blood pH range
Normal arterial blood pH range
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Respiratory acidosis cause
Respiratory acidosis cause
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IV Therapy method
IV Therapy method
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Study Notes
Fluid Balance and Electrolytes
- A hypertonic solution causes red blood cells to shrink.
- Intravenous fluids are used to replace lost fluids, electrolytes, and medications.
- Osmolality measures the concentration of solutes in a solution.
- Normal osmolality range in the body is 275-295 mOsm/kg.
- Oncotic pressure is exerted by proteins in the blood.
- Hydrostatic pressure pushes fluid out of capillaries.
Solutions and Osmosis
- A hypotonic solution causes cell expansion.
- 'Drawing power' is a term associated with osmotic pressure.
- A hypotonic solution would cause cell swelling.
Fluid Status Assessment
- Daily weight change is an indicator of fluid status.
- A daily weight change of more than 2.2 lbs in 24 hours suggests fluid imbalance.
- Urine output is an important indicator of fluid status.
- A urine output of less than 30cc/hr requires attention.
Intake and Output (I&O) Monitoring
- Intake includes oral fluids, IV fluids, and medications.
- Output includes urine, stool, and other bodily fluids.
- Urine output is included in the calculation of I&O.
Electrolytes and pH Balance
- Normal serum sodium values are 135-145 mmol/L.
- Potassium is essential for neuromuscular function.
- Normal serum potassium values are 3.5-5.5 mmol/L.
- Chloride is an anion among the mentioned electrolytes.
- pH range for maintaining normal arterial blood is 7.35-7.45.
- Respiratory acidosis results from inadequate exhalation of CO2.
IV Therapy and Blood Component Therapy
- IV therapy involves administering fluids and medications through a vein.
- An electronic infusion device (EID) regulates IV flow rates.
- Phlebitis is an inflammation of a vein.
- Autologous transfusion is the transfusion of a patient's own blood.
- Maintaining the IV system sterile and intact prevents infection.
Acid-Base Balance
- The pH scale measures acidity and basicity.
- Acid buffering maintains the body's acid-base balance.
- Carbonic acid is excreted through the lungs.
- Respiratory acidosis is caused by inadequate exhalation of CO2.
- Metabolic acidosis is caused by excess metabolic acids.
- Kidneys excrete metabolic acids by increasing urine production.
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Description
Test your knowledge on hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions and their effects on cells. Learn about the movement of water by osmosis and how different solutions affect cell volume.
