Hypothyroidism Management

An Advanced Practice Nurse (APN) is determining the appropriate T4 replacement dosage for a 35-year-old woman diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Which patient factor is MOST crucial for the APN to consider when establishing a euthyroid state?

Which laboratory finding is MOST commonly associated with hypothyroidism?

In the progression of hypothyroidism, when is a decrease in serum free T4 concentration typically observed?

Following the initiation of thyroid replacement therapy, what is the generally recommended timeframe for measuring TSH levels to assess the effectiveness of the treatment?

A 75-year-old patient with newly diagnosed hypothyroidism and weighs 155 pounds requires thyroid replacement therapy. Considering the patient's age and lack of significant medical history, which of the following levothyroxine dosages is MOST appropriate to initiate?

A 70-year-old woman presents with symptoms of weight loss, palpitations, and constipation. Her laboratory results show a TSH of 0.03 mIU/L (reference range: 0.4-4.0 mIU/L) and a free T4 of 33 pmol/L (reference range 9-25 pmol/L). What is the MOST appropriate next step in evaluating her thyroid function?

A patient with a known history of hypothyroidism has been stable on levothyroxine for several years. The patient reports starting a new medication for cholesterol management. Which of the following cholesterol medications is MOST likely to interfere with the absorption of levothyroxine, potentially requiring a dosage adjustment?

A pregnant woman with pre-existing hypothyroidism requires careful monitoring and adjustment of her levothyroxine dosage. During which trimester of pregnancy is it MOST likely that her levothyroxine dosage will need to be increased?

Which laboratory assay is MOST sensitive for screening an ambulatory patient for primary hypothyroidism?

Bariatric surgery is typically recommended for patients with obesity who meet specific criteria. Which of the following BEST represents a common criterion?

The diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome include several key findings. Which of the following is NOT typically included in the diagnostic criteria?

In patients with metabolic syndrome, which of the following findings would be expected LAST, typically developing over time if the syndrome is unmanaged?

Meglitinide analogs (e.g., Prandin) are used in type 2 diabetes to help minimize the risk of what?

A 40-year-old patient who has been newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus is started on metformin, which is titrated to 1000 mg twice daily. The patient's latest HbA1c is 8.1%. What would be the MOST appropriate next step?

An active 72-year-old patient with type 2 diabetes is currently well-managed with metformin 500 mg twice daily. The patient's follow-up HbA1c is 7.4%. What would you recommend?

When initiating pharmacological treatment for Alzheimer's disease in an older adult, which medication class is typically considered the first-line choice?

In which of the following patients would a thiazolidinedione (TZD) drug be MOST appropriate?

In managing a patient with dementia, what is the primary benefit expected from using a cholinesterase inhibitor?

Which assessment tool is most appropriate for evaluating an elderly patient presenting with memory problems, specifically to gather information on their ability to perform complex activities of daily living?

Which of the following is typically not included as part of a standard nurse practitioner's assessment for Alzheimer's disease?

When evaluating a patient for dementia, which initial tests are most appropriate to include? (Select three that apply)

A 60-year-old patient with moderate cognitive deficits due to Alzheimer's disease has started taking a cholinesterase inhibitor. What is the primary expected outcome of this medication?

A patient presents with an elevated TSH level and a normal T4 level. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following criteria are used in the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes? (Select three that apply)

An APN is assessing an older adult diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following manifestations is LEAST likely to be seen in this client?

How does delirium differ from dementia?

Which of the following is NOT typically a characteristic of delirium in an elderly patient?

When initiating pharmacological treatment for a male patient with Alzheimer's disease, which class of medication is typically the initial choice for a primary care nurse practitioner?

When managing a patient with dementia, how do cholinesterase inhibitors provide the greatest benefit?

Which assessment tool provides information about an elderly patient's functional performance of complex activities and is most appropriate for the initial assessment of a memory problem?

Which of the following assessments is LEAST likely to be included as part of a nurse practitioner's comprehensive assessment for Alzheimer's disease?

Why is Metformin typically discontinued around the time of surgery or procedures involving contrast dye?

What intervention is most effective for managing microalbuminuria in a patient with diabetes mellitus?

A 60-year-old patient with moderate cognitive deficits attributed to Alzheimer's disease has been started on a cholinesterase inhibitor. What is the primary purpose of this medication?

A patient on insulin therapy experiences elevated morning blood glucose levels but reports low blood glucose at 3:00 AM. What phenomenon is most likely occurring, and how should it be managed?

A 66-year-old male patient at average risk for colon cancer had a colonoscopy 10 years ago. According to current guidelines, what is the most appropriate recommendation for follow-up screening?

What is an example of secondary prevention for an elderly adult?

What test can differentiate between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?

What is the goal HGB A1C for maintenance of DM treatment in most non-pregnant adults?

A person was recently diagnosed with Type 1 DM and weights 120 Kilograms. What is the appropriate initial dose of insulin they should be started on?

A 72-year-old male with hypertension is prescribed amlodipine 5mg, lisinopril 5mg, and enalapril 5mg daily. According to prescribing guidelines, which best describes an applicable consideration for this patient's medication regimen?

An 81-year-old patient is taking seven medications and the nurse practitioner suspects medication adherence issues. What is the MOST appropriate initial intervention?

A 78-year-old patient scores 22 on the MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination). How should this result to be interpreted?

A 77-year-old patient received a tetanus and diphtheria (Td) vaccine six years ago and a flu shot in November. Which immunizations should be recommended today?

Which interventions are most appropriate for an 80-year-old woman with a history of two falls in the past year?

During fall prevention education, which statement by a 70-year-old patient indicates a NEED for further teaching?

A 77-year-old patient had an unwitnessed fall and states, "I suddenly found myself on the floor" without attempting to break the fall. What does this statement suggest?

What would be the focus of care when assessing an older adult with Alzheimer's disease?