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Hypothesis Testing in Research

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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of the t-statistic?

It does not require prior knowledge of the population mean or variance. (correct)

It can only be used when the null hypothesis is true.

It requires prior knowledge of the population mean and variance.

It is only used for large sample sizes.

What is the primary reason researchers prefer ANOVA over multiple t-tests?

To avoid the assumption of normality

To reduce the sample size requirement

To reduce the risk of Type I errors (correct)

To increase the power of the test

What is the null hypothesis stating in the given example?

The treatment changes the mean.

The average opinion in the population is not neutral.

The average opinion in the population is neutral. (correct)

The population mean is 4.

What is the term for the overall risk of a Type I error from all tests in an experiment?

Experimentwise alpha level Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a sample in hypothesis testing?

To make inferences about the population. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the overall risk of a Type I error when conducting multiple hypothesis tests?

It increases as the number of tests increases Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying distribution of the population in the example?

Normal Distribution. Signup and view all the answers

Why do researchers focus on a single or a few alternative hypotheses?

Based on theoretical predictions or previous research findings Signup and view all the answers

What is the alpha level in a hypothesis test?

The probability of a Type I error Signup and view all the answers

What is the sample size in the given example?

𝑛𝑛 = 9. Signup and view all the answers

Why do researchers need to consider the experimentwise alpha level?

To account for the increased risk of Type I errors from multiple tests Signup and view all the answers

What is the mean of the cognitive alertness test in the general population?

𝜇𝜇 = 50. Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected value of the F-ratio when the null hypothesis holds?

Around 1.00 Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the three conditions in the research study?

To compare the effectiveness of different learning strategies Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of 𝑎𝑎 = .05 in the research study?

It is the alpha level Signup and view all the answers

What is assumed about the distribution of the data in the research study?

It follows a normal distribution Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of hypothesis testing in the research study?

To determine whether the null hypothesis is true or false Signup and view all the answers