Hypothesis Testing and Randomization

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Questions and Answers

Which statement best defines the null hypothesis (H0)?

The null hypothesis is an unmeasured third variable that influences both the exposure and the outcome.
The null hypothesis predicts an effect or relationship between variables.
The null hypothesis predicts no effect or relationship between variables. (correct)
The null hypothesis refers to any characteristic that may explain or predict the presence of a study outcome.

What is the purpose of random selection in a study?

To predict the presence of a study outcome.
To influence both the exposure and the outcome.
To select members of a population for the study's sample. (correct)
To sort the sample into control and experimental groups.

What is the definition of confounding?

A characteristic that may explain or predict the presence of a study outcome.
A way of sorting the sample into control and experimental groups.
A statement that states your research prediction of an effect or relationship.
An unmeasured third variable that influences both the exposure and the outcome. (correct)

What is the difference between prospective and retrospective study designs?

<p>Prospective study designs are conducted before the outcome has occurred, while retrospective study designs are conducted after the outcome has occurred. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers