Hypothalamic Hormones: Functions and Roles

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What is the final destination of all blood entering the portal system?

Anterior pituitary
Pituitary gland
General circulation
Intended target cells (correct)

What is the term for the process illustrated in Figure 18.8?

Hormone regulation
Endocrine secretion
Negative feedback (correct)
Positive feedback

How many hormones does the anterior pituitary gland secrete?

6 (correct)
5
7
4

Which of the following hormones is NOT secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?

Insulin (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the hypophyseal portal system?

Transport of hormones to target cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)?

Increase water absorption into the blood (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is affected by the action of Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)?

Kidneys (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)?

Hypothalamus (B) Signup and view all the answers

What would be the result of decreased Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) production?

Increased urine production (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the opposite function of Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)?

Decrease water absorption into the blood (A) Signup and view all the answers

Where is prolactin synthesized and secreted?

Anterior pituitary (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells produce prolactin?

Lactotrophs (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones is NOT produced by the anterior pituitary?

Insulin (B) Signup and view all the answers

Prolactin is produced by which part of the pituitary gland?

Anterior pituitary (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of lactotrophs in the anterior pituitary?

To synthesize and secrete prolactin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of altered calcium concentrations in the body fluids?

Reduced nerve conduction velocity (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which physiologic process is affected by altered phosphate concentrations in the body fluids?

Oxidative phosphorylation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of altered calcium and phosphate concentrations in the body fluids?

Disrupted cell membrane function (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of altered calcium concentrations on nerve function?

Increased neuronal excitability (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which system is affected by altered calcium and phosphate concentrations in the body fluids?

Nervous system (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of TRH?

A tripeptide amide (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of TRH on the anterior pituitary?

Stimulates the secretion of TSH (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the target of TRH stimulation?

Anterior pituitary (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the hormone stimulated by TRH in the anterior pituitary?

TSH (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of TRH in the thyroid axis?

Regulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis (B) Signup and view all the answers