Hyponatremia Quiz - Clinical Understanding

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What serum/plasma level is defined as hyponatremia?

Less than 130 mmol/L
Between 130 and 135 mmol/L
Greater than 135 mmol/L
Less than 135 mmol/L (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a cause of decreased sodium levels leading to hyponatremia?

Diuretic use
Potassium deficiency
Hypoadrenalism
Excessive sodium intake (correct)

What is a clinically significant level of hyponatremia?

Below 130 mmol/L (correct)
Above 135 mmol/L
135 mmol/L or higher
Between 130 and 135 mmol/L

Which method is often favored for measuring sodium due to its ease of use?

Chemical methods (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with increased sodium loss, contributing to hyponatremia?

Salt-losing nephropathy (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as hyponatremia?

A serum/plasma level of less than 135 mmol/L (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recognized cause of increased sodium loss in hyponatremia?

Increased thirst (C) Signup and view all the answers

How does potassium deficiency influence sodium levels in the body?

It stimulates sodium loss. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which method is commonly used for measuring sodium concentrations in laboratories?

Flame emission spectrophotometry (FES) (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about hyponatremia is correct?

Serum levels below 130 mmol/L are clinically significant. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Hyponatremia

A condition where the concentration of sodium in the blood is lower than 135 mmol/L.

What causes hyponatremia?

Low sodium levels in the blood can be caused by several factors, including excessive sodium loss from the body, increased water retention, or a water imbalance.

Hypoadrenalism

A condition characterized by insufficient production of hormones from the adrenal glands, which leads to sodium loss.

Potassium deficiency

A condition where the body loses potassium, which can lead to sodium loss and hyponatremia.

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Diuretic use

Medications that increase urine production, leading to loss of sodium and water.

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Hyponatremia due to water retention

Increased fluid retention leading to a dilution of sodium in the blood. This can be caused by various factors like heart failure, kidney disease, or certain medications.

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Hyponatremia due to sodium loss

Excessive loss of sodium from the body, often through the urine. This could be due to conditions like kidney disease, adrenal insufficiency, or diuretic use.

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