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Questions and Answers
What is the treatment for hypocalcemia in infants?
What is the treatment for hypocalcemia in infants?
What is a common risk factor for developing early hypocalcemia in newborns?
What is a common risk factor for developing early hypocalcemia in newborns?
When does late hypocalcemia typically occur in newborn or preterm infants fed cow's milk?
When does late hypocalcemia typically occur in newborn or preterm infants fed cow's milk?
What should the nurse monitor for during intravenous therapy for hypocalcemia?
What should the nurse monitor for during intravenous therapy for hypocalcemia?
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How can serum phosphate levels be lowered in infants?
How can serum phosphate levels be lowered in infants?
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Study Notes
Hypoglycemia in Preterm Infants
- Hypoglycemia is common in preterm infants due to insufficient stores of glycogen and fat.
- Increased energy requirements, such as those caused by asphyxia, sepsis, RDS, or unstable body temperature, further stress these deficient stores.
- Plasma glucose levels lower than 40 mg/dL in term infants and 30 mg/dL in preterm infants indicate hypoglycemia.
- The brain requires a steady glucose supply, and hypoglycemia must be anticipated and treated promptly.
- Conditions that increase metabolism increase glucose needs.
Feeding Preterm Infants
- Preterm infants may be too weak to suck and swallow formula, requiring gavage or parenteral feedings.
- These feedings supply 120 to 150 kcal/kg/day, as needed.
Nursing Responsibilities
- Frequent glucose monitoring is necessary for preterm infants.
- Nasogastric or parenteral feedings may be required to support the infant's nutritional needs.
Hypocalcemia in Preterm Infants
- Hypocalcemia is common in preterm and sick newborns.
- Calcium is transported across the placenta throughout pregnancy, with greater amounts during the third trimester.
- Early birth can result in infants with lower serum calcium levels.
- In early hypocalcemia, the parathyroid fails to respond to the preterm infant's low calcium levels.
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Description
Learn about the common occurrence of hypoglycemia in preterm infants, who lack sufficient glycogen and fat stores. Discover how conditions like asphyxia, sepsis, and RDS can worsen this condition by increasing energy requirements and stress on the infant's body.
