Hypno-Sedatives Toxicity
8 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism of toxicity of hypno-sedatives?

  • Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
  • Inhibition of the parasympathetic nervous system
  • Inhibition of the neurotransmitter GABA
  • Enhancement of the neurotransmitter GABA (correct)

Which of the following is a risk factor for hypno-sedative toxicity?

  • Low body mass index
  • Elderly (correct)
  • Young age
  • Male gender

What is the primary goal of supportive care in managing hypno-sedative toxicity?

  • Administer flumazenil to reverse the toxicity
  • Provide oxygen therapy to correct hypoxia
  • Induce emesis to remove the drug from the body
  • Maintain airway, breathing, and circulation (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a toxic effect of hypno-sedatives?

<p>Hypertension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using activated charcoal in managing hypno-sedative toxicity?

<p>It reduces the absorption of the drug from the gut (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flumazenil is specific to which class of hypno-sedatives?

<p>Benzodiazepines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key strategy for preventing hypno-sedative toxicity?

<p>Monitor patients for signs of toxicity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a gastrointestinal toxic effect of hypno-sedatives?

<p>Nausea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hypno-sedatives toxicity

What are hypno-sedatives?

  • A class of drugs used to treat insomnia, anxiety, and seizures
  • Examples: benzodiazepines (e.g., alprazolam, diazepam), barbiturates, and zolpidem

Mechanism of toxicity

  • Enhance the activity of the neurotransmitter GABA, leading to excessive sedation and CNS depression
  • Can cause respiratory depression, especially when combined with other CNS depressants

Toxic effects

  • CNS: drowsiness, confusion, slurred speech, ataxia, coma
  • Respiratory: respiratory depression, apnea
  • Cardiovascular: hypotension, bradycardia
  • Gastrointestinal: nausea, vomiting

Risk factors for toxicity

  • Elderly: increased sensitivity to hypno-sedatives due to age-related changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
  • Polypharmacy: combining hypno-sedatives with other CNS depressants increases the risk of toxicity
  • Chronic use: tolerance and dependence can lead to increased doses and higher risk of toxicity

Management of toxicity

  • Supportive care: maintain airway, breathing, and circulation
  • Activated charcoal: may be effective in reducing absorption if given within 1-2 hours of ingestion
  • Flumazenil: a specific benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, can be used to reverse benzodiazepine toxicity
  • Hemodialysis: may be effective in removing certain hypno-sedatives from the body

Prevention

  • Use lowest effective dose: minimize the risk of toxicity by using the lowest effective dose
  • Monitor patients: closely monitor patients for signs of toxicity, especially in high-risk groups
  • Educate patients: educate patients on the risks and signs of toxicity, and the importance of adherence to prescribed dosages.

Hypno-sedatives Toxicity

What are Hypno-sedatives?

  • Class of drugs used to treat insomnia, anxiety, and seizures
  • Examples include benzodiazepines (e.g., alprazolam, diazepam), barbiturates, and zolpidem

Mechanism of Toxicity

  • Enhance GABA activity, leading to excessive sedation and CNS depression
  • Can cause respiratory depression, especially when combined with other CNS depressants

Toxic Effects

Central Nervous System (CNS)

  • Drowsiness
  • Confusion
  • Slurred speech
  • Ataxia
  • Coma

Respiratory System

  • Respiratory depression
  • Apnea

Cardiovascular System

  • Hypotension
  • Bradycardia

Gastrointestinal System

  • Nausea
  • Vomiting

Risk Factors for Toxicity

Elderly

  • Increased sensitivity to hypno-sedatives due to age-related changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

Polypharmacy

  • Combining hypno-sedatives with other CNS depressants increases the risk of toxicity

Chronic Use

  • Tolerance and dependence can lead to increased doses and higher risk of toxicity

Management of Toxicity

  • Supportive care: maintain airway, breathing, and circulation
  • Activated charcoal: may be effective in reducing absorption if given within 1-2 hours of ingestion
  • Flumazenil: specific benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, can be used to reverse benzodiazepine toxicity
  • Hemodialysis: may be effective in removing certain hypno-sedatives from the body

Prevention

  • Use lowest effective dose: minimize the risk of toxicity by using the lowest effective dose
  • Monitor patients: closely monitor patients for signs of toxicity, especially in high-risk groups
  • Educate patients: educate patients on the risks and signs of toxicity, and the importance of adherence to prescribed dosages

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Description

Learn about hypno-sedatives, a class of drugs used to treat insomnia, anxiety, and seizures, and their mechanism of toxicity, toxic effects, and more.

More Like This

Pharmacology and Toxicology Quiz
24 questions
Toxicology: CNS Depressants and Stimulants
6 questions
Opioids and CNS Depressants Quiz
45 questions
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser