Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is a primary characteristic of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

  • The ventricular septum thickens (correct)
  • Cells undergo atrophy to reduce workload
  • It results in systemic edema
  • The myocardium becomes less reliant on oxygen

    • Which of the following symptoms is NOT commonly associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

  • Dyspnea
  • Chest pain
  • Excessive coughing (correct)
  • Syncope

    • How is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy commonly diagnosed?

  • Chest X-ray
  • Blood tests
  • Echocardiogram (correct)
  • MRI scan

    • What is a significant risk associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in young athletes?

    <p>Sudden death during exertion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following treatments is NOT typically used for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

    <p>Antidepressants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary function of digoxin as a cardiac glycoside?

    <p>Increase myocardial contractile force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is crucial to monitor when a patient is on digoxin?

    <p>Potassium levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can result from hypokalemia in a patient taking digoxin?

    <p>Increased risk of cardiac dysrhythmias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an adverse effect associated with digoxin?

    <p>Blurry vision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about drug interactions with digoxin is true?

    <p>Quinidine elevates the levels of digoxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does digoxin primarily affect regarding hemodynamics?

    <p>Increased cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant adverse effect when the digoxin level is elevated?

    <p>Dysrhythmias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurohormonal benefit does digoxin provide?

    <p>Suppresses renin release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of a left-to-right shunt in congenital heart defects?

    <p>Increased blood flow to the lungs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure allows blood to bypass the liver in fetal circulation?

    <p>Ductus venosus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What congenital defect is characterized by the aorta arising from the right ventricle?

    <p>Transposition of the Great Arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common diagnosis method for septal defects?

    <p>Echocardiogram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one risk associated with untreated atrial septal defects over time?

    <p>Development of pulmonary vascular disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a distinguishing feature of coarctation of the aorta?

    <p>Differences in blood pressure between upper and lower body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition requires surgical intervention for realignment of the arteries?

    <p>Transposition of the Great Arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical treatment option for a persistent patent ductus arteriosus in infants?

    <p>NSAIDs and possibly surgery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is commonly associated with coarctation of the aorta?

    <p>Extreme variation in limb pulse strength.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant clinical feature of tetralogy of Fallot?

    <p>Presence of cyanosis due to hypoxia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the sinoatrial (SA) node play in the heart's electrical system?

    <p>It acts as a pacemaker of the heart.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which wave in an ECG corresponds to the depolarization of the ventricles?

    <p>QRS complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of supraventricular rhythms?

    <p>They can be symptomatic or asymptomatic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In atrial fibrillation, which of the following is typically observed on an EKG?

    <p>Absence of a P wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment required for patients with chronic atrial fibrillation?

    <p>Anticoagulants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes ventricular dysrhythmias?

    <p>Typically cause a loss of consciousness or death.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of antidysrhythmic drugs is known as potassium channel blockers?

    <p>Class III</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adenosine in the treatment of dysrhythmias?

    <p>To convert tachycardia into normal rhythm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What complications are associated with the use of antidysrhythmic drugs?

    <p>They can sometimes cause new dysrhythmias.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the development of an action potential in cardiac muscle?

    <p>Sodium, potassium, and calcium ions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does decreased blood glucose have on glucagon secretion?

    <p>Stimulates glucagon secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is NOT stimulated by glucagon?

    <p>Lipogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common laboratory finding for diagnosing Type II diabetes?

    <p>Random blood glucose ≥ 200 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of diabetes is characterized by immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells?

    <p>Type I Diabetes (Type IA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal for managing diabetes, according to current guidelines?

    <p>Hemoglobin A1C between 6.5%–8.0%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Type II Diabetes Mellitus?

    <p>Relative insulin deficiency and insulin resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is a risk factor for developing Type II diabetes?

    <p>Impaired fasting plasma glucose between 100 mg/dL and 125 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes Type IB diabetes?

    <p>No detectable antibodies present</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of elevated blood glucose levels in diabetes?

    <p>It causes breakdown of fats and proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the risk of developing Type II diabetes be reduced?

    <p>Regular physical activity and dietary changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

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