Hypertensive Crises

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is considered a hypertensive emergency?

  • DBP exceeding 120 mm Hg
  • SBP exceeding 180 mm Hg
  • Both SBP exceeding 180 mm Hg and DBP exceeding 120 mm Hg (correct)
  • Neither SBP exceeding 180 mm Hg nor DBP exceeding 120 mm Hg

What are some examples of target organ damage that may occur in hypertensive emergencies?

  • Hypertensive encephalopathy and ischemic stroke
  • Myocardial infarction and heart failure with pulmonary edema
  • Dissecting aortic aneurysm and renal failure
  • All of the above (correct)

What is the 1-year mortality rate if a hypertensive emergency is left untreated?

  • Between 30% and 50%
  • Less than 10%
  • Between 10% and 30%
  • More than 79% (correct)

What is the median survival if a hypertensive emergency is left untreated?

<p>10.4 months (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the management goal for patients with suspected aortic dissection in a hypertensive emergency?

<p>Reduce SBP to less than 120 mm Hg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What class of hypertensive crisis occurs when the SBP exceeds 180 mm Hg or the DBP exceeds 120 mm Hg?

<p>Both hypertensive emergency and hypertensive urgency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for a hypertensive emergency?

<p>Continuous monitoring of BP and parenteral administration of antihypertensive medication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the treatment management goal for patients with suspected severe preeclampsia/eclampsia or pheochromocytoma crises?

<p>Reduce SBP to less than 140 mm Hg within the first hour of treatment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment management goal for other patients with hypertensive emergencies?

<p>Reduce SBP by no more than 25% within the first hour of treatment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the eventual goal of treatment for patients with hypertensive emergencies?

<p>Reduce SBP to a normal, controlled blood pressure within 24 to 48 hours of treatment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are examples of intravenous antihypertensive medications of choice?

<p>Nicardipine, clevidipine, labetalol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is there any research evidence demonstrating the superiority of any antihypertensive medications in treating hypertensive emergencies?

<p>No, there is no research evidence demonstrating the superiority of any antihypertensive medications (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered severe BP elevation in stable patients without target organ damage?

<p>SBP greater than 180 mm Hg or DBP greater than 120 mm Hg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate frequency of monitoring vital signs in a stable situation?

<p>Every 30 minutes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken if there is a precipitous drop in blood pressure during treatment of hypertensive emergencies?

<p>Take immediate action to restore blood pressure to an acceptable level (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Hypertensive Emergency - Definition

A severe elevation in blood pressure requiring immediate intervention to prevent target organ damage.

Hypertensive Emergency - BP Thresholds

SBP exceeding 180 mm Hg and DBP exceeding 120 mm Hg.

Target Organ Damage (Hypertension)

The damage caused to organs by severely elevated blood pressure.

Untreated Hypertensive Emergency Mortality

More than 79% mortality rate within 1 year if untreated.

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Aortic Dissection Management Goal

Reduce SBP to less than 120 mm Hg.

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Hypertensive Urgency vs Emergency

Both occur with high BP (>180/>120), but an emergency needs immediate treatment to prevent organ damage.

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Hypertensive Emergency Treatment

Continuous BP monitoring and parenteral antihypertensive medications.

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Severe Preeclampsia Treatment Goal

Reduce SBP to less than 140 mm Hg within 1 hour.

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Other Hypertensive Emergency Goal

Reduce SBP by 25% in the first hour.

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Treatment Goal - Hypertensive Emergency

Achieve normal blood pressure within 24-48 hrs.

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Intravenous Antihypertensive Options

Nicardipine, clevidipine, and labetalol.

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Antihypertensive Medication Superiority

No research shows one drug is definitively better than the others.

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Stable Patient Severe BP

SBP above 180 mm Hg or DBP above 120 mm Hg.

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Stable Patient Vital Sign Frequency

Every 30 minutes in a stable situation.

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Rapid Drop in Blood Pressure Action

Immediately take action to raise blood pressure to an acceptable level.

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Related Documents

Hypertensive Crisis PDF

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