MS CH 6  PPT
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Questions and Answers

Which one of these is a sign of dehydration?

  • Elevated blood pressure
  • Thirst (correct)
  • Bounding pulse
  • Edema

Which one of these interventions is recommended for treating deficient fluid volume?

  • Treat underlying cause (correct)
  • Increase fluid intake
  • Monitor daily weight
  • Monitor intake and output

Which one of these is a symptom of hyponatremia?

  • Mental status changes (correct)
  • Sodium less than 135 milliequivalents per liter
  • Weakness
  • Fluid excess or deficit

Which one of these is a source of sodium in food?

<p>Pizza (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of these is true about fluid gains and losses?

<p>Losses include sensible and insensible (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of these is an intervention for excess fluid volume?

<p>Administer diuretics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of these is a symptom of hypernatremia?

<p>Mental status changes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a learning outcome of Chapter 6 in Understanding Medical-Surgical Nursing, Seventh Edition?

<p>Predict patients who are at the highest risk for dehydration and fluid excess. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mrs. Hernandez is a 62-year-old postmenopausal patient who reports shortness of breath and bone pain. What is her primary language?

<p>Spanish (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the patient's occupation?

<p>Housekeeper (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Mrs. Hernandez not seek health care when she felt a palpable mass with right breast pain 6 months ago?

<p>She did not have health insurance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common cause of acidosis and alkalosis?

<p>Diabetes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of fluids and electrolytes in the body?

<p>To regulate body temperature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate therapeutic measure for patients with fluid and electrolyte imbalances?

<p>Increasing fluid intake (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a sign of hypernatremia?

<p>Thirst (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended intervention for hypernatremia?

<p>Treat fluid imbalance first (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a food source of potassium?

<p>Yogurt (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the signs and symptoms of hypokalemia?

<p>Muscle weakness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended intervention for hypokalemia?

<p>Administer potassium replacement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia?

<p>Increased heart rate and blood pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended intervention for hypercalcemia?

<p>Administer medications as ordered (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are most body fluids found?

<p>Intracellular (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A 76-year-old patient with skin tenting and decreased urine output is most likely experiencing which fluid or electrolyte disorder?

<p>Dehydration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which electrolyte is most critical to healthy cardiac rhythm?

<p>Potassium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which interventions should the nurse initiate for a patient with fluid excess?

<p>Monitor weight (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are good food sources of calcium?

<p>Canned salmon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal pH range for acid-base balance?

<p>7.35 to 7.45 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for hypomagnesemia?

<p>Administer magnesium replacement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the signs and symptoms of hypermagnesemia?

<p>Respiratory failure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct hand-off report for Mrs. Rodriquez?

<p>Continue with IV infusion; monitor vital signs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential risk factor for dehydration?

<p>Being 62 years old (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary language of Mrs. Hernandez?

<p>Spanish (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential symptom of fluid excess?

<p>Shortness of breath (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of fluids and electrolytes in the body?

<p>To regulate body temperature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential cause of acidosis?

<p>Dehydration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential food source of potassium?

<p>Bananas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate therapeutic measure for patients with fluid and electrolyte imbalances?

<p>Restricting fluid intake (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a sign of dehydration?

<p>Thirst (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended intervention for hypercalcemia?

<p>Administer diuretics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the signs and symptoms of hypermagnesemia?

<p>Respiratory changes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of these is a symptom of hyponatremia?

<p>Mental status changes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended intervention for hypernatremia?

<p>Restrict fluids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of these is an intervention for excess fluid volume?

<p>Monitor weight and urine output (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of these interventions is recommended for treating deficient fluid volume?

<p>Increase fluid intake (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of hyperkalemia?

<p>Cardiac arrhythmia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which intervention is recommended for treating hypernatremia?

<p>Treat fluid imbalance first (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a sign of hypocalcemia?

<p>Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended intervention for hypermagnesemia?

<p>Hold magnesium supplements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a food source of calcium?

<p>Yogurt (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary language of Mrs. Hernandez?

<p>Spanish (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which intervention should the nurse initiate for a patient with fluid excess?

<p>Monitor intake and output (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of hypomagnesemia?

<p>Lethargy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for magnesium in milliequivalents per liter?

<p>2.5 to 3.5 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which electrolyte is most critical to healthy cardiac rhythm?

<p>Potassium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which interventions should the nurse initiate for a patient with fluid excess?

<p>Monitor weight (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are good food sources of calcium?

<p>Yogurt (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are most body fluids found?

<p>Intracellular (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A 76-year-old patient with skin tenting and decreased urine output is most likely experiencing which fluid or electrolyte disorder?

<p>Dehydration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of these is a sign of dehydration?

<p>Lethargy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of these interventions is recommended for treating deficient fluid volume?

<p>Administer IV fluids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential risk factor for dehydration?

<p>Being postmenopausal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate therapeutic measure for patients with fluid and electrolyte imbalances?

<p>Increasing fluid intake (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of these interventions is recommended for treating hypernatremia?

<p>Restricting fluid intake (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended intervention for hypokalemia?

<p>Increasing potassium intake (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary language of Mrs. Hernandez?

<p>Spanish (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of fluids and electrolytes in the body?

<p>To regulate body temperature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for magnesium in milliequivalents per liter?

<p>1.5-2.5 mEq/L (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following electrolytes is most critical to healthy cardiac rhythm?

<p>Potassium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential cause of acidosis?

<p>Hypoventilation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary language of Mrs. Rodriquez?

<p>Spanish (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of hyperkalemia?

<p>Muscle weakness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following interventions should the nurse initiate for a patient with fluid excess?

<p>Monitor weight (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential symptom of fluid excess?

<p>Decreased urine output (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are good food sources of calcium?

<p>Canned salmon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended intervention for hypernatremia?

<p>Restrict fluids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are most body fluids found?

<p>Intracellular (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential cause of acidosis?

<p>Decreased respiratory rate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are good food sources of calcium?

<p>Canned vegetables (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended intervention for hypokalemia?

<p>Administer potassium replacement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a sign of hypocalcemia?

<p>Skeletal muscle weakness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of these is a symptom of hyponatremia?

<p>Nausea and vomiting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of these interventions is recommended for treating deficient fluid volume?

<p>Increase fluid intake (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of these is a sign of dehydration?

<p>Skin tenting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of hypernatremia?

<p>Thirst (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for hypokalemia?

<p>Administer potassium replacement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a sign of hypercalcemia?

<p>Increased heart rate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of hypocalcemia?

<p>Low dietary calcium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of hypomagnesemia?

<p>Muscle weakness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What intervention is recommended for hyperkalemia?

<p>Administer furosemide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a sign of hypokalemia?

<p>Cardiac arrhythmia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a sign of hyperkalemia?

<p>Cardiac arrhythmia and arrest (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary intervention for hypernatremia?

<p>Treat fluid imbalance first (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of hypocalcemia?

<p>Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended intervention for hypokalemia?

<p>Administer potassium replacement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of hypermagnesemia?

<p>Muscle weakness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary intervention for hypercalcemia?

<p>Administer medications as ordered (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential food source of potassium?

<p>Sweet potatoes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential risk factor for dehydration?

<p>Being uninsured (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of hypocalcemia?

<p>Hypomagnesemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary language of Mrs. Hernandez?

<p>Spanish (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of hypokalemia?

<p>Muscle weakness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential food source of potassium?

<p>Bananas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a sign of hypercalcemia?

<p>Bone pain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal pH range for acid-base balance?

<p>7.0-7.5 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential symptom of fluid excess?

<p>Edema (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for hypokalemia?

<p>Administer potassium supplements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential cause of acidosis?

<p>Excessive carbon dioxide production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for magnesium in milliequivalents per liter?

<p>1-2.5 mEq/L (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a food source of potassium?

<p>Canned vegetables (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of hypocalcemia?

<p>Vitamin D deficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal pH range for acid-base balance?

<p>7.35-7.45 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of hyperkalemia?

<p>Muscle twitching and cramps (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which intervention is recommended for hypomagnesemia?

<p>Administer magnesium replacement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a sign of hypercalcemia?

<p>Increased heart rate and blood pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for sodium in milliequivalents per liter?

<p>145-155 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a sign of hypocalcemia?

<p>Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of hypernatremia?

<p>Impaired thirst mechanism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended intervention for hypernatremia?

<p>Treat fluid imbalance first (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential cause of hypomagnesemia?

<p>Administer magnesium replacement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the signs and symptoms of hypermagnesemia?

<p>Magnesium greater than 2.5 milliequivalents per liter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an intervention for hypermagnesemia?

<p>Dialysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal pH range for acid-base balance?

<p>7.35 to 7.45 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an acid substance?

<p>Substance that releases a hydrogen ion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a base (alkali) substance?

<p>Substance that binds hydrogen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four types of acid-base imbalances?

<p>Respiratory acidosis, metabolic acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, metabolic alkalosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the arterial blood gas values for respiratory acidosis?

<p>Up arrow pCO2, HCO3 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the signs and symptoms of Mrs. Rodriquez in the case study?

<p>Temperature of 100.4°F (38°C), BP 86/52, HR 110, RR 24 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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