MS CH 6 PPT
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Questions and Answers

Which one of these is a sign of dehydration?

  • Elevated blood pressure
  • Thirst (correct)
  • Bounding pulse
  • Edema

    • Which one of these interventions is recommended for treating deficient fluid volume?

  • Treat underlying cause (correct)
  • Increase fluid intake
  • Monitor daily weight
  • Monitor intake and output

    • Which one of these is a symptom of hyponatremia?

  • Mental status changes (correct)
  • Sodium less than 135 milliequivalents per liter
  • Weakness
  • Fluid excess or deficit

    • Which one of these is a source of sodium in food?

    <p>Pizza</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these is true about fluid gains and losses?

    <p>Losses include sensible and insensible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these is an intervention for excess fluid volume?

    <p>Administer diuretics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these is a symptom of hypernatremia?

    <p>Mental status changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a learning outcome of Chapter 6 in Understanding Medical-Surgical Nursing, Seventh Edition?

    <p>Predict patients who are at the highest risk for dehydration and fluid excess.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mrs. Hernandez is a 62-year-old postmenopausal patient who reports shortness of breath and bone pain. What is her primary language?

    <p>Spanish</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the patient's occupation?

    <p>Housekeeper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did Mrs. Hernandez not seek health care when she felt a palpable mass with right breast pain 6 months ago?

    <p>She did not have health insurance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common cause of acidosis and alkalosis?

    <p>Diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of fluids and electrolytes in the body?

    <p>To regulate body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate therapeutic measure for patients with fluid and electrolyte imbalances?

    <p>Increasing fluid intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign of hypernatremia?

    <p>Thirst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended intervention for hypernatremia?

    <p>Treat fluid imbalance first</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a food source of potassium?

    <p>Yogurt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the signs and symptoms of hypokalemia?

    <p>Muscle weakness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended intervention for hypokalemia?

    <p>Administer potassium replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia?

    <p>Increased heart rate and blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended intervention for hypercalcemia?

    <p>Administer medications as ordered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are most body fluids found?

    <p>Intracellular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A 76-year-old patient with skin tenting and decreased urine output is most likely experiencing which fluid or electrolyte disorder?

    <p>Dehydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte is most critical to healthy cardiac rhythm?

    <p>Potassium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which interventions should the nurse initiate for a patient with fluid excess?

    <p>Monitor weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are good food sources of calcium?

    <p>Canned salmon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal pH range for acid-base balance?

    <p>7.35 to 7.45</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for hypomagnesemia?

    <p>Administer magnesium replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the signs and symptoms of hypermagnesemia?

    <p>Respiratory failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct hand-off report for Mrs. Rodriquez?

    <p>Continue with IV infusion; monitor vital signs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential risk factor for dehydration?

    <p>Being 62 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary language of Mrs. Hernandez?

    <p>Spanish</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential symptom of fluid excess?

    <p>Shortness of breath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of fluids and electrolytes in the body?

    <p>To regulate body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential cause of acidosis?

    <p>Dehydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential food source of potassium?

    <p>Bananas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate therapeutic measure for patients with fluid and electrolyte imbalances?

    <p>Restricting fluid intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign of dehydration?

    <p>Thirst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended intervention for hypercalcemia?

    <p>Administer diuretics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the signs and symptoms of hypermagnesemia?

    <p>Respiratory changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these is a symptom of hyponatremia?

    <p>Mental status changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended intervention for hypernatremia?

    <p>Restrict fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these is an intervention for excess fluid volume?

    <p>Monitor weight and urine output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these interventions is recommended for treating deficient fluid volume?

    <p>Increase fluid intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of hyperkalemia?

    <p>Cardiac arrhythmia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intervention is recommended for treating hypernatremia?

    <p>Treat fluid imbalance first</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign of hypocalcemia?

    <p>Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended intervention for hypermagnesemia?

    <p>Hold magnesium supplements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a food source of calcium?

    <p>Yogurt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary language of Mrs. Hernandez?

    <p>Spanish</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intervention should the nurse initiate for a patient with fluid excess?

    <p>Monitor intake and output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of hypomagnesemia?

    <p>Lethargy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for magnesium in milliequivalents per liter?

    <p>2.5 to 3.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte is most critical to healthy cardiac rhythm?

    <p>Potassium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which interventions should the nurse initiate for a patient with fluid excess?

    <p>Monitor weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are good food sources of calcium?

    <p>Yogurt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are most body fluids found?

    <p>Intracellular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A 76-year-old patient with skin tenting and decreased urine output is most likely experiencing which fluid or electrolyte disorder?

    <p>Dehydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these is a sign of dehydration?

    <p>Lethargy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these interventions is recommended for treating deficient fluid volume?

    <p>Administer IV fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential risk factor for dehydration?

    <p>Being postmenopausal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate therapeutic measure for patients with fluid and electrolyte imbalances?

    <p>Increasing fluid intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these interventions is recommended for treating hypernatremia?

    <p>Restricting fluid intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended intervention for hypokalemia?

    <p>Increasing potassium intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary language of Mrs. Hernandez?

    <p>Spanish</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of fluids and electrolytes in the body?

    <p>To regulate body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for magnesium in milliequivalents per liter?

    <p>1.5-2.5 mEq/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following electrolytes is most critical to healthy cardiac rhythm?

    <p>Potassium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential cause of acidosis?

    <p>Hypoventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary language of Mrs. Rodriquez?

    <p>Spanish</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of hyperkalemia?

    <p>Muscle weakness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following interventions should the nurse initiate for a patient with fluid excess?

    <p>Monitor weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential symptom of fluid excess?

    <p>Decreased urine output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are good food sources of calcium?

    <p>Canned salmon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended intervention for hypernatremia?

    <p>Restrict fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are most body fluids found?

    <p>Intracellular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential cause of acidosis?

    <p>Decreased respiratory rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are good food sources of calcium?

    <p>Canned vegetables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended intervention for hypokalemia?

    <p>Administer potassium replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign of hypocalcemia?

    <p>Skeletal muscle weakness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these is a symptom of hyponatremia?

    <p>Nausea and vomiting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these interventions is recommended for treating deficient fluid volume?

    <p>Increase fluid intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these is a sign of dehydration?

    <p>Skin tenting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of hypernatremia?

    <p>Thirst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for hypokalemia?

    <p>Administer potassium replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign of hypercalcemia?

    <p>Increased heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of hypocalcemia?

    <p>Low dietary calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of hypomagnesemia?

    <p>Muscle weakness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What intervention is recommended for hyperkalemia?

    <p>Administer furosemide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign of hypokalemia?

    <p>Cardiac arrhythmia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign of hyperkalemia?

    <p>Cardiac arrhythmia and arrest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary intervention for hypernatremia?

    <p>Treat fluid imbalance first</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of hypocalcemia?

    <p>Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended intervention for hypokalemia?

    <p>Administer potassium replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of hypermagnesemia?

    <p>Muscle weakness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary intervention for hypercalcemia?

    <p>Administer medications as ordered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential food source of potassium?

    <p>Sweet potatoes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential risk factor for dehydration?

    <p>Being uninsured</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of hypocalcemia?

    <p>Hypomagnesemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary language of Mrs. Hernandez?

    <p>Spanish</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of hypokalemia?

    <p>Muscle weakness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential food source of potassium?

    <p>Bananas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign of hypercalcemia?

    <p>Bone pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal pH range for acid-base balance?

    <p>7.0-7.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential symptom of fluid excess?

    <p>Edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for hypokalemia?

    <p>Administer potassium supplements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential cause of acidosis?

    <p>Excessive carbon dioxide production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for magnesium in milliequivalents per liter?

    <p>1-2.5 mEq/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a food source of potassium?

    <p>Canned vegetables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of hypocalcemia?

    <p>Vitamin D deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal pH range for acid-base balance?

    <p>7.35-7.45</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of hyperkalemia?

    <p>Muscle twitching and cramps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intervention is recommended for hypomagnesemia?

    <p>Administer magnesium replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign of hypercalcemia?

    <p>Increased heart rate and blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for sodium in milliequivalents per liter?

    <p>145-155</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign of hypocalcemia?

    <p>Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of hypernatremia?

    <p>Impaired thirst mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended intervention for hypernatremia?

    <p>Treat fluid imbalance first</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential cause of hypomagnesemia?

    <p>Administer magnesium replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the signs and symptoms of hypermagnesemia?

    <p>Magnesium greater than 2.5 milliequivalents per liter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an intervention for hypermagnesemia?

    <p>Dialysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal pH range for acid-base balance?

    <p>7.35 to 7.45</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an acid substance?

    <p>Substance that releases a hydrogen ion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a base (alkali) substance?

    <p>Substance that binds hydrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four types of acid-base imbalances?

    <p>Respiratory acidosis, metabolic acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, metabolic alkalosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the arterial blood gas values for respiratory acidosis?

    <p>Up arrow pCO2, HCO3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the signs and symptoms of Mrs. Rodriquez in the case study?

    <p>Temperature of 100.4°F (38°C), BP 86/52, HR 110, RR 24</p> Signup and view all the answers

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