18 Questions
What is the process by which excess cholesterol is eliminated from the body?
Conversion to bile acids and bile salts
What condition is indicated by excessive deposition of cholesterol under the skin and tendons?
Xanthomas
What genetic disorder can cause hypercholesterolemia at a young age?
Familial hypercholesterolemia
Which enzyme may be insensitive to feedback regulation in individuals suffering from hypercholesterolemia due to genetic disorders?
HMG-CoA reductase
What lifestyle choices are recommended to prevent hypercholesterolemia?
Exercising regularly and following a low-fat diet
If diet and exercise fail to reduce cholesterol levels, what may be recommended?
Start cholesterol-lowering medications
What is the concentration range of plasma cholesterol in healthy individuals?
150-200 mg/dl
Which fatty acid is usually attached to the OH group on C3 of the A ring in cholesterol esters?
Linoleic acid
What is the key source of dietary cholesterol?
Animal tissues
Where does cholesterol synthesis primarily occur in the body?
Liver
What is the ratio of free circulating cholesterol to cholesterol esters in the blood?
30:70
How does cholesterol enter the circulation in the exogenous pathway?
As a component of chylomicrons
Which form of cholesterol serves as the primary source of cholesterol for non-hepatic cells?
LDL
How do humans primarily obtain cholesterol for non-de novo synthesis in tissues?
From exogenous dietary sources
Which process inactivates HMG-CoA reductase, a key enzyme in cholesterol synthesis?
Dietary cholesterol
What reducing equivalents provide carbon atoms for cholesterol synthesis?
NADPH
Where does de novo synthesis of cholesterol predominantly occur in the human body?
Liver
Which lipoprotein is the main source of cholesterol for non-hepatic cells?
LDL
Test your knowledge on Hypercholesterolemia, the effects of excess cholesterol in the body such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, strokes, and the formation of Xanthomas. Explore genetic disorders related to HMG-CoA reductase enzyme insensitivity.
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