Hypercalcemia Quiz

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What is the critical value for hypercalcemia?

> 2.75 mmol/L (correct)

2.5 mmol/L

2.75 mmol/L

2.25 mmol/L

Which treatment option involves hydration strategies for hypercalcemia?

Loop diuretics with isotonic saline solutions (correct)

Use of thiazide diuretics

Administration of pamidronate

Mobilization with weight-bearing activity

Which symptom is NOT typically associated with hypercalcemia?

Decreased memory

Constipation (correct)

Anorexia

Bone pain

What should be monitored when giving IV saline to hypercalcemic patients?

Fluid overload Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common cause of increased total calcium in hypercalcemia?

Prolonged immobilization Signup and view all the answers

What is a common ECG change associated with hyperkalemia?

Tall peaked T wave Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential consequence of acidosis on potassium levels?

Shift of K+ out of cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for serum calcium levels?

2.25 - 2.75 mM/L Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about calcium balance is correct?

Vitamin D is crucial for maintaining calcium balance. Signup and view all the answers

What role do ion-exchange resins play in managing hyperkalemia?

They facilitate potassium loss through the gastrointestinal tract. Signup and view all the answers

Which form of calcium in the serum is biologically active?

Ionized calcium Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of hyperkalemia?

Muscle spasms Signup and view all the answers

In the event of hypocalcemia, which hormone would increase its secretion?

Parathyroid hormone Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increased capillary permeability on fluid movement in the body?

Water and solutes move out into the tissues. Signup and view all the answers

What occurs with lymph obstruction regarding fluid distribution?

Fluid and protein accumulate in interstitial spaces. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following fluids are classified as crystalloids?

Ringer’s Lactate Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes hypertonic solutions?

Higher concentration of dissolved particles than plasma. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about colloids is true?

They exert oncotic pressure to draw fluid into the vascular space. Signup and view all the answers

What is an effect of wearing elastic compression gradient stockings?

It increases tissue hydrostatic pressure. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes hypertonic fluids from hypotonic fluids?

Hypotonic fluids increase intracellular fluid volume. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of osmosis in the body?

Movement of water across a semipermeable membrane Signup and view all the answers

Which pressure is primarily responsible for pulling fluid from tissue space into the vascular space?

Oncotic pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes crystalloids compared to colloids?

Crystalloids move easily across semi-permeable membranes. Signup and view all the answers

What is second spacing in fluid distribution?

Abnormal accumulation of interstitial fluid Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions could lead to increased venous hydrostatic pressure?

Fluid overload Signup and view all the answers

How can dehydration result from changes in capillary pressures?

Decrease in capillary hydrostatic pressure Signup and view all the answers

What role does the adrenal system play in fluid balance regulation?

Modulates renal function to conserve fluid Signup and view all the answers

What is third spacing in relation to fluid distribution?

Trapped fluid in interstitial spaces due to inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What type of fluid exchange mechanism occurs with molecules moving from areas of high concentration to low concentration?

Diffusion Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for magnesium levels indicated by hypomagnesemia?

0.74-1.07 mmol/L Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common neuromuscular manifestation of hypomagnesemia?

Hypotension Signup and view all the answers

Why should an infusion pump be used when administering IV magnesium sulfate?

To prevent rapid administration leading to complications Signup and view all the answers

What would be a typical neurological symptom associated with severe hypomagnesemia?

Seizures Signup and view all the answers