Hydrogen and Its Properties

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Questions and Answers

What is the expected trend for orbital energy levels across a period?

Energy levels increase as effective nuclear charge decreases.

Energy levels remain constant across the period.

Energy levels decrease as atomic radius increases.

Energy levels decrease as effective nuclear charge increases. (correct)

In which atomic orbital configuration does hydrogen occur?

1p2

2s2

2p1

1s1 (correct)

Which element is mentioned as having a dedicated chapter in the textbook?

Hydrogen (correct)

Carbon

Helium

Oxygen

What is one of the methods discussed for producing hydrogen on an industrial scale?

Electrolysis Signup and view all the answers

Where is hydrogen proposed to be placed on the periodic table?

With halogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the oxidation state of iron in the coordination complexes described?

Fe2+ Signup and view all the answers

How many unpaired electrons are present in the coordination complexes of iron described?

2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected magnetic behavior of the iron coordination complexes when subjected to a Gouy Balance?

Paramagnetic Signup and view all the answers

Which hybridization would you expect for the iron in the coordination complexes?

sp3d2 Signup and view all the answers

What type of electron configuration is present in the coordination complexes with Fe2+?

Paired and unpaired d electrons Signup and view all the answers

Which hydride is a stronger reducing agent?

Lithium aluminium hydride (LiAlH4) Signup and view all the answers

What is the E-H bond enthalpy for the B–H bond?

373 kJ mol-1 Signup and view all the answers

How does the bond length of Al-H compare to B-H?

The Al-H bond is longer and weaker Signup and view all the answers

What does the polarity of the Al-H bond relative to the B-H bond indicate?

The Al-H bond is more hydridic Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond character is present in the bond between the hydride complex and the alkali metal cation?

Ionic bond Signup and view all the answers

What subjects are included in the CHEM1910 course structure?

Main Group Chemistry and Transition Metal Chemistry Signup and view all the answers

How is the CHEM1910 course assessed?

By performance on tutorials, course tests, and a final exam Signup and view all the answers

Which academic weeks correspond to S-Block Chemistry topics in CHEM1910?

Weeks 1 to 4 Signup and view all the answers

What chapters from the course textbook are required for CHEM1910?

Chapters 25-28 Signup and view all the answers

What is the timing for the first course test in CHEM1910?

Week 5, Thursday at 5 PM Signup and view all the answers

Who teaches the final block of the CHEM1910 course?

Dr Mark Lawrence Signup and view all the answers

What type of chemistry is specifically covered in lectures 8 and 9 of CHEM1910?

Coordination Chemistry and Oxidation States Signup and view all the answers

Which groups are studied in the P-block Chemistry section of CHEM1910?

Groups 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 Signup and view all the answers

What product is formed when diborane (B2H6) combusts in air?

Boric acid Signup and view all the answers

Which hydride is a polymer with bridging hydrogens and shows instability above 150°C?

AlH3 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hydrides is unstable at low temperature?

Ga2H6 Signup and view all the answers

Which compound is formed when silane (SiH4) is burned in oxygen?

SiO2 Signup and view all the answers

Why are DfH◦ values of the non-carbon hydrides typically positive?

They cannot be prepared directly from their elements. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hydrides of group 14 is unstable?

PbH4 Signup and view all the answers

What is produced when B2H6 hydrolyzes in water?

Boronic acid and hydrogen gas Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the stability of hydrides is correct?

Stability of hydrides generally decreases down the group. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hydrogen on the Periodic Table

Hydrogen is the first element in the periodic table.
Hydrogen has one electron in the 1s atomic orbital.
There has long been debate as to whether hydrogen should be placed with the alkali metals (group 1) or the halogens (group 17).

Properties of Hydrogen and its Isotopes

Hydrogen exists as a diatomic gas (H2).
Hydrogen is a colourless, odourless, and tasteless gas.
There are three naturally occurring isotopes of hydrogen: protium (1H), deuterium (2H) and tritium (3H).

Industrial Production of Hydrogen

Hydrogen can be produced industrially in several ways.
One method involves the electrolysis of water.
Another way is by reacting dilute acids with metals.

The Hydrogen Economy

Hydrogen is seen as a potential fuel source.
The goal is to develop a clean and sustainable hydrogen economy.

Hydrogen Compounds

Hydrogen forms compounds with many other elements.
Hydrogen forms ionic compounds with elements like sodium and potassium.
Hydrogen forms covalent compounds with many different elements.

Revisit Hydrogen Bonding

Hydrogen bonding is a strong type of intermolecular interaction.
It occurs between hydrogen and a highly electronegative element.
Hydrogen bonding plays an important role in the physical and chemical properties of water and other molecules.

Boron Hydrides

Boron and aluminium form many hydrides, including diborane (B2H6).
Diborane is a highly reactive compound.
Diborane can react with water to form boronic acid and hydrogen.

Group 14 Hydrides

The group 14 elements (carbon, silicon, germanium, tin, lead) form hydrides.
Methane (CH4) is a very stable hydride.
The stability of the hydrides decreases as you move down the group.

Reactivity of E−H Bonds

The strength of the E−H bond influences the reactivity of hydrides.
Boron and aluminium hydrides are used as reducing agents in organic and inorganic chemistry.

Sodium Borohydride and Lithium Aluminium Hydride

Sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and lithium aluminium hydride (LiAlH4) commonly used as reducing agents in chemistry.

Fe Coordination Complexes

Iron (II) forms coordination complexes with various ligands, such as water and cyanide.
The bonding in coordination complexes can be explained using valence bond theory or crystal field theory.
The magnetic properties of coordination complexes can be investigated experimentally using a Gouy Balance.
Complexes that are diamagnetic (no unpaired electrons) are repelled by a magnetic field.
Complexes that are paramagnetic (unpaired electrons) are attracted by a magnetic field.

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Description

This quiz explores the fundamental aspects of hydrogen, including its position on the periodic table, its isotopes, and industrial production methods. It also discusses hydrogen's potential as a sustainable fuel source and its ability to form compounds with other elements.