Hydrocooling System and Water Recirculation in Food Industry
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of adding chlorine to water in a hydrocooling system?

To reduce bacteria build-up in water

What is the advantage of forced-air cooling systems over hydrocooling systems in terms of maintenance?

Simple and easy to maintain, no leakage problems

Why are hydrocooling systems more effective than forced-air cooling systems?

Higher heat transfer coefficients

What is the typical velocity at which refrigerated air approaches the cooling section in forced-air cooling systems?

<p>1.5 to 2 m/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the cooling time of fruits and vegetables be reduced in forced-air cooling systems?

<p>By spacing the product containers to allow airflow throughout</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of convection heat transfer coefficients in forced-air cooling systems?

<p>30 to 60 W/m2 · C</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of vacuum cooling in the context of cooling products?

<p>To reduce the pressure in the cooling chamber to lower the product temperature by evaporating water from the products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the saturation pressure of water at 0°C in vacuum cooling?

<p>The products can be cooled to 0°C by lowering the pressure to the saturation pressure of water at that temperature (0.61 kPa).</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the cooling process in the first stage of vacuum cooling.

<p>In the first stage, products at ambient temperature are loaded into the flash chamber, and the temperature remains constant until the saturation pressure is reached.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens in the second stage of vacuum cooling after reaching the saturation pressure at 25°C?

<p>Saturation conditions are maintained inside at progressively lower pressures and temperatures until the desired temperature, usually slightly above 0°C, is reached.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does impingement air cooling work in cooling products?

<p>Impingement air cooling involves products continuously passing through a cooling tunnel on conveyor belts while being cooled by forced air.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of forced air cooling in the context of cut flowers?

<p>Forced air cooling is commonly used to cool cut flowers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate the amount of beef mass that needs to be cooled per unit time?

<p>mbeef = (Total beef mass cooled) / (Cooling time)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total refrigeration load of the chilling room, including beef cooling, fan, lights, and heat gain?

<p>Qtotal, chill room = Qbeef + Qfan + Qlights + Qheat gain</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the total product cooling load is attributed to evaporative cooling of water?

<p>85 percent</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mass flow rate of air when heat is transferred to air causing a temperature rise from -2°C to 0.7°C?

<p>102.0 kg/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate the volume flow rate of air?

<p>Vair = mair / rair</p> Signup and view all the answers

Normally, what is the heat transfer load of the evaporator in comparison to the total refrigeration load of the chilling room?

<p>The same</p> Signup and view all the answers

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