Hydrocephalus and Related Conditions Quiz

Initiation and maintenance of breathing in newborns is critical within the first 48 hours.

Establishment of circulation outside the womb is vital for newborn survival.

Newborns must maintain fluid and electrolyte balance for proper body function.

Regulating temperature is crucial to prevent hypothermia or hyperthermia in newborns.

Newborns need adequate nourishment to thrive and grow.

Establishing waste elimination is necessary for a newborn's health.

Newborns require measures to reduce the risk of infections.

Forming a bond between infant and caregiver is crucial for emotional development.

Accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) causing increased intracranial pressure (ICP).

CSF is created in the 1st and 2nd ventricles and absorbed into the subarachnoid space.

Includes communicating, obstructive, congenital, and acquired forms.

CSF can flow to the spinal cord; there’s no blockage.

Blockage prevents CSF from passing through the brain's pathways.

Signs include rapid head enlargement and 'sunset eyes'.

Head circumference is measured and plotted on growth charts.

Most common bone cancer in children, arising from osteoblasts.

A malignant bone tumor common in adolescent boys, usually affecting the femur, tibia, and humerus.

Initial signs include pain and swelling in the affected area.

X-rays and CT or MRI scans are used to detect tumors and metastasis.

Includes radical resection, amputation, chemotherapy, and lung metastasis surgery.

Causes vulvar redness, itching, and thick white discharge.

Characterized by a thin, frothy gray-green discharge and strong odor.

Presents with watery gray-white discharge and vulvar itching.

Treatment involves oral antihelminthics like mebendazole for pinworm infection.

Bacterium causing syphilis, leading to painless ulcers.

Stages include painless lesion, rash, and major organ involvement.

Final stage of syphilis affecting organs, could cause blindness.

Absence of menstrual flow due to various factors.

Painful menstruation caused by prostaglandins leading to cramping.

Substances causing uterine pain by contracting smooth muscles.

Includes analgesics, low-dose contraceptives, and alternative therapies.

Bacteria leading to vaginitis and vulvar itching, treated with Amoxicillin.

Enlargement of kidney pelvis due to urine back-pressure from obstruction.

Involuntary urine passage past expected bladder control, can be nocturnal or diurnal.

Primary: never achieved bladder control; Secondary: control lost after being established.

Large, fluid-filled cysts replace normal kidney tissue, often autosomal recessive.

Syndrome with cardiac, pulmonary, orthopedic, and urologic abnormalities, mainly in boys.

Inflammation of glomeruli after a streptococcal infection, due to immune complex disease.

Limit fluids before bed, avoid bladder-stretching exercises, use desmopressin if necessary.

May be asymptomatic or show signs like UTIs, irritability, and abdominal mass.

A condition influenced by genetic and environmental factors, prevalent in adolescents with obese parents.

Higher rates of suicide, low self-esteem, body image issues, and depression in obese teens.

Adherence to a diet close to 1800 calories/day is recommended for managing obesity.

Counseling aimed at addressing stress-related overeating is part of obesity management.

Refusal to maintain normal weight due to a distorted body image, leading to self-induced starvation.

Most common in girls aged 13-20 years, making up 90% of cases.

Includes self-induced starvation, relentless drive for thinness, and medical symptoms from starvation.

Includes high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin and aspirin for related complications and monitoring.