Hydrocephalus and Related Conditions Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a cause of acquired hydrocephalus?

  • Tumors
  • Maternal infections (correct)
  • Infection
  • Trauma

    • Which type of hydrocephalus is characterized by a blockage in the flow of cerebrospinal fluid?

  • Congenital hydrocephalus
  • Communicating hydrocephalus
  • Obstructive hydrocephalus (correct)
  • Extraventricular hydrocephalus

    • What is the primary cause of hydrocephalus in infants with open cranial sutures?

  • Maternal infections
  • Excess cerebrospinal fluid (correct)
  • Blockage in the ventricles
  • Increased intracranial pressure

    • Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of increased intracranial pressure (IICP)?

    <p>Head lag (developmental delay) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical occurrence rate of hydrocephalus in live births?

    <p>3–4 per 1,000 live births (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key symptom of hydrocephalus in infants?

    <p>Rapid head enlargement (&gt;1 inch/month) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical treatment for a mild to moderate curvature of the spine?

    <p>Conservative treatment with bracing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following activities should be avoided during the recovery period after spinal surgery?

    <p>Lifting weights over 10 lbs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common site of metastasis for a malignant bone tumor?

    <p>Lungs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom of Candida Albicans infection?

    <p>Thin, irritating frothy gray-green discharge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an appropriate treatment for Trichomoniasis?

    <p>Metronidazole orally (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic odor associated with Gardnerella Vaginalis infection?

    <p>Fishy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following treatments is NOT indicated for Herpesvirus Type II infection?

    <p>Metronidazole orally (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most effective treatment for Enterobius Vermicularis (Pinworms)?

    <p>Oral antihelminthic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of treatment is recommended for a patient with a foreign body in the vagina?

    <p>Removal of the foreign body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common site for osteosarcoma?

    <p>Scapula (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following physical features is NOT typically associated with Down syndrome?

    <p>Prominent chin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of developmentally appropriate care for individuals with Down syndrome?

    <p>Providing simple and repetitive tasks to enhance understanding (C), Focusing on developmental age rather than chronological age (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key principle of managing individuals with Down syndrome?

    <p>Encouraging early intervention to promote development (B), Focusing on their individual developmental milestones rather than their chronological age (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of routine and structure for individuals with Down syndrome?

    <p>To provide them with a sense of comfort and security (B), To provide them with clear expectations and a sense of security (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom of the primary stage of Syphilis?

    <p>Painful lesion on genitalia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hallmark symptom of the secondary stage of Syphilis?

    <p>Generalized macular rash on soles and palms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of Amenorrhea?

    <p>High ratio of body fat to muscle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of Dysmenorrhea?

    <p>Symptoms typically start with bloating and light cramping 24 hours before menstrual flow. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mechanism responsible for the pain associated with Dysmenorrhea?

    <p>Prostaglandin release (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for Dysmenorrhea?

    <p>Anti-inflammatory medications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common symptom associated with both Syphilis and Hepatitis B/C?

    <p>Rash (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions can be treated with Benzathine penicillin?

    <p>Syphilis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of anorexia nervosa?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common manifestation of anorexia nervosa?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary management approach for obesity in adolescents?

    <p>Diet and exercise (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a special characteristic of anorexia nervosa?

    <p>Skin desquamation on palms and soles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential long-term treatment for anorexia nervosa?

    <p>Low-dose aspirin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key element of managing obesity in adolescents?

    <p>Both B and C (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential complication of anorexia nervosa?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of hydronephrosis?

    <p>Urine back-pressure from an obstruction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes enuresis?

    <p>Involuntary urination past the age of expected bladder control (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is polycystic kidney disease typically diagnosed?

    <p>Sonogram (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key characteristic of Prune Belly Syndrome (PBS)?

    <p>Severe dilation of the ureters and bladder (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common risk factor for Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis?

    <p>Recent streptococcal infection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical treatment for primary nocturnal enuresis?

    <p>Desmopressin (DDAVP) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of management in hydronephrosis?

    <p>Surgical correction of the obstruction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic symptom of hydronephrosis?

    <p>Fever (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Newborn Priorities

    • All newborns have crucial needs in the first few days of life.
    • Initiation and maintenance of respirations is critical in the first 48 hours.
    • Establishing extrauterine circulation is essential. If the heart rate is less than 60 bpm, begin closed-chest massage.
    • Maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance is important.
    • Fluid replacement includes Ringer's lactate or 10% dextrose.
    • Temperature regulation is vital. Maintaining optimal oxygenation.
    • Prevention of infection is crucial.
    • Establishing an infant-parent relationship should be prioritized.

    Initiation and Maintenance of Respirations

    • Respiratory acidosis and severe complications can result from breathing problems.
    • Factors that can predispose newborns to respiratory issues include low birth weight, maternal diabetes, premature rupture of membranes, maternal narcotic use and anomalies of the chest, heart, or respiratory tract.
    • Proper airway management is essential.
    • Suctioning and avoiding unnecessary stimulation is vital.

    Resuscitation Process

    • Airway management involves use of bulb syringe for mucus or fluid removal if needed.
    • Avoid rubbing for meconium-stained fluid; gently suction.
    • Keep the newborn dry.
    • Limited suctioning to 10 seconds to prevent trauma.
    • Lung expansion is critical. Crying helps with lung expansion.
    • Respiratory support with oxygen (100%) via bag and mask may be needed.
    • Monitor oxygen levels.
    • Drug therapy (naloxone) may be administered if respiratory depression is from maternal narcotics.

    Maintaining Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

    • Dehydration from rapid respirations.
    • Potential for hypoglycemia with energy expenditure during resuscitation.
    • Fluid replacement with Ringer's lactate or 10% dextrose in water.
    • Monitor fluid intake for potential overload.

    Regulating Temperature

    • Maintaining optimal oxygenation and minimizing metabolic demand.
    • Chilling increases oxygen consumption.
    • Prolonged vasoconstriction from chilling also reduces respiration and releases acid, rising risk of kernicterus.
    • Dry the newborn, cover with a cap, and place under a pre-warmed radiant warmer or incubator.
    • Ensure the axillary temperature is maintained at 97.8°F (36.5°C).

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    Newborn Priorities in the First Days of Life PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on hydrocephalus, its causes, symptoms, and treatments. This quiz also explores related conditions such as spinal issues and infections. Challenge yourself with multiple-choice questions to reinforce your understanding of these medical topics.

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