Hydrocele Surgery Techniques
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Questions and Answers

What is the main aetiological agent responsible for filariasis of the cord and epididymis?

  • Lymphatic obstruction
  • Filarial parasites
  • Wuchereria Bancrofti worms (correct)
  • Streptococcal bacteria

    • What is the most common type of filarial lesion affecting the spermatic cord and epididymis?

  • Acute suppurative type
  • Nodular type
  • Diffuse type (correct)
  • Acute catarrhal type

    • What is the primary indication for surgical treatment of filarial lesions?

  • Severe pain
  • Suspected malignancy
  • Chronic oedema and fibrosis
  • All of the above (correct)

    • What is the characteristic feature of the acute suppurative type of filarial funiculo-epididymitis?

    <p>Multiple abscesses in the cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical clinical presentation of acute filarial funiculo-epididymitis?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical finding in the tunica vaginalis in acute filarial funiculo-epididymitis?

    <p>Hydrocele</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary location of pain felt in the early stages of torsion of testis?

    <p>Lower abdomen, groin, and loin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the swelling in torsion of undescended testis?

    <p>Tense, tender inguinal swelling with empty scrotum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between torsion of testis and acute epididymo-orchitis?

    <p>Presence of shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the investigation of choice for torsion of testis?

    <p>Duplex ultrasound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for subtotal excision of the tunica in the treatment of hydrocele?

    <p>Large thick wall hydrocele, haematocele or pyocele</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is surgical treatment for congenital and infantile hydrocele delayed to the end of the first year of life?

    <p>Because spontaneous normal closure of the proximal part of the processus vaginalis usually occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for a gangrenous testis in torsion of testis?

    <p>Orchidectomy for the affected testis and fixation of the other testis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the vomiting in torsion of testis?

    <p>Once or twice, not persistent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common complication of aspiration as a palliative measure for hydrocele?

    <p>Recurrence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of varicocele?

    <p>Familial congenital weakness of the mesenchyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of sterile males with varicocele?

    <p>40%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the surgical method used to treat encysted hydrocele of the cord?

    <p>Excision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for conservative treatment in varicocele management?

    <p>Early uncomplicated cases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main objective of prevention of venous reflux in surgical treatment of varicocele?

    <p>To occlude the veins of the testis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most commonly used surgical approach for varicocele treatment nowadays?

    <p>Laparoscopic surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of percutaneous embolization in varicocele treatment?

    <p>It is a minimal invasive procedure with same day discharge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of percutaneous embolization in varicocele treatment?

    <p>Insertion of a detachable balloon or metal coils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of microsurgery in inguinal approach for varicocele treatment?

    <p>It allows for more precise ligation and division of pampiniform plexus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of malignant teratoma anaplastica?

    <p>It consists of malignant undifferentiated embryonic tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of testicular malignancy involves affection of lymph nodes above the diaphragm?

    <p>Stage III</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main route of lymphatic spread in seminoma?

    <p>Para-aortic LNs → cysterna chyli → thoracic duct → Virchow’s glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the tumour in malignant teratoma trophoblastica?

    <p>It consists of malignant syncytial cells &amp; cytotrophoblast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common complication of testicular malignancy?

    <p>Spread</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the testicular swelling in typical cases of testicular malignancy?

    <p>Hard, irregular, not tender testicular swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

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