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Hydro-Meteorological Hazards: Floods and Flash Floods

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Hydro-Meteorological Hazards: Floods and Flash Floods

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary cause of floods when the river is already flowing full?

Heavy rainfall in the lower catchments
Intense rainfall when the river is flowing full (correct)
Concentration of runoff from the tributaries
Excessive rainfall in the upper catchments

What happens when the inundation is caused by high flow or overflow of water in an established watercourse?

Flood occurs (correct)
Storm surge occurs
La Nina occurs
Flash flood occurs

What is a common concern that has been increasing over the years?

Inadequate capacity of the rivers
Excessive rainfall in river catchments
The tendency to occupy the flood plains (correct)
Poor drainage facilities

What is the result of the varying rainfall distribution?

Areas not traditionally prone to floods experience severe inundation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of flash floods?

They occur suddenly due to rapidly rising water (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that contributes to flash floods?

Heavy rainfall associated with towering cumulus clouds (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for urban floods?

Conversion of natural terrain to urban infrastructure (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of flood occurs due to the sudden discharge of large volumes of water from glacier lakes?

Glacial Lake Outbursts Floods (GLOF) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of river floods?

Floods that build up slowly over days or weeks (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of urbanization on natural terrain?

Decreases the ability to absorb rainfall by 2 to 6 times (A) Signup and view all the answers