Causes and Impacts of Floods
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Questions and Answers

What can cause a flood?

  • Excessive heat wave
  • Volcanic eruption
  • Severe storm with melting snow (correct)
  • Drought conditions

Why do floods often occur in Pakistan?

  • As a result of river course shifting and bank erosion (correct)
  • Due to lack of rainfall
  • Due to excessive river water management
  • Because of drought conditions

How can a river flood be caused by an earthquake?

  • By blocking the river flow
  • By causing bank erosion (correct)
  • By reducing water levels in the river
  • By creating a drought in the region

What are the consequences of floods as mentioned in the text?

<p>Disruption of communication (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What indirect losses can be caused by floods?

<p>Outbreak of epidemic diseases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the Standard Project Flood (SPF) and the Maximum Probable Flood (MPF)?

<p>The SPF is based on observed rainfall and flows, while the MPF includes extremely rare and catastrophic floods. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of determining the Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP)?

<p>To estimate the maximum depth of precipitation that is meteorologically possible. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical relationship between the Standard Project Flood (SPF) and the Maximum Probable Flood (MPF) for a basin?

<p>The SPF is usually around 80% of the MPF. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the absence of sufficient storm data for a given basin, how can the Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) be estimated?

<p>By transposing a severe storm from a neighboring catchment that is meteorologically homogeneous. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the Maximum Probable Flood (MPF)?

<p>To design the spillways of high dams. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key difference between the Standard Project Flood (SPF) and the Probable Maximum Flood (MPF)?

<p>The SPF is based on rainfall and flows that have not been observed, while the MPF is based on observed data. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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