Hydraulic Systems Introduction

Questions and Answers

What may result from extended ground operation on APU power?

Improved BUCS and SCAS functionality

Reduced missile system response time

Increased hydraulic seal life

Elevated hydraulic temperatures that may damage hydraulic seals (correct)

What should be done if the hydraulic dirty filter indicator button pops a second time?

Shut down the engine

Reset the button

Perform maintenance (correct)

Restart the APU

What is a consequence of failure of the primary hydraulic system?

Increased hydraulic seal life

Loss of missile system functionality

Improved APU performance

Loss of BUCS and SCAS functionality (correct)

How do the mechanical dirty filter indicators on the manifold pressure and return filters operate?

On differential pressure Signup and view all the answers

What must be done to clear a 'Pylon Actuator Fail' fault?

Shut down the APU or start the engine Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to monitor hydraulic temperatures during extended ground operation on APU power?

To prevent hydraulic seal damage Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the bypass valve on the return filter?

To bypass the return filter Signup and view all the answers

How many times can the hydraulic dirty filter indicator button be reset?

Only once Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the primary hydraulic system?

To provide hydraulic pressure to the primary side of all four flight control servoactuators Signup and view all the answers

During which event may the crew experience a primary hydraulic pressure exceedance?

During APU start or shortly afterwards during the Flight Controls IBIT Signup and view all the answers

What is the design of the primary hydraulic pump?

Variable displacement, constant pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the RTR BRK switch?

To apply utility system pressure to stop the rotor brake disc Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the control lever is moved to any of its three positions?

It opens one of three check valves to the accumulator or to either reservoir Signup and view all the answers

Where is the primary hydraulic pump mounted?

On the left side of the transmission accessory gearbox Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the primary hydraulic pressure after the ADVISORY (PRI HYD PSI HI) is displayed?

The pressure reduces to a safe level within five seconds Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of pressure used to stop the rotor brake disc?

Utility system pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the primary hydraulic manifold?

To store, filter, and regulate the flow of hydraulic fluid Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the tail wheel lock actuator?

To unlock the tail wheel Signup and view all the answers

How does the pilot access the primary hydraulic pressure reading?

On the MPD Engine page Signup and view all the answers

Where are the hydraulic system indications displayed?

On the ENG and SYS pages Signup and view all the answers

What drives the primary hydraulic pump?

The transmission accessory gear train Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the brake off solenoid valve?

To trap pressure between the manifold and the utility system accumulator Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the hand pump?

To charge fluid pressure in the utility accumulator Signup and view all the answers

In what situations is the operation of the hydraulic system not automatic?

In emergency situations and tail wheel locking/unlocking Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary pneumatic power source for IPAS?

Dual engine bleed air Signup and view all the answers

During aircraft power up, which type of bleed air is used to start main engines?

APU bleed air Signup and view all the answers

What is the secondary source of pneumatic power for the IPAS?

Single engine bleed air Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT one of the systems that receive pressurized air from the IPAS?

Engine control system Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Nitrogen inerting unit in the IPAS?

To inert fuel tanks Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Utility receptacle in the IPAS?

To provide external power to the aircraft Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Engine firewall/cooling system in the IPAS?

To cool the engine firewall Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the IPAS in the aircraft?

To regulate air pressure and distribute air Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the high pressure port in the engine?

Pressurizing the hydraulic reservoirs Signup and view all the answers

What controls the low pressure flow and pressure in the engine?

Engine bleed air pressure regulator and shutoff valve Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the restrictor in the engine?

Controlling high pressure flow and pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is displayed on the A/C UTIL page?

PRI/UTIL/ACC PSI Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the IPAS control?

Providing an integrated function for mission processors and the EPMS Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the BLEED AIR 1 and 2 on/off buttons on the A/C UTIL page?

To control engine bleed air pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is displayed on the HIT page?

BLEED AIR 1 and 2 on/off buttons Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the 3410 - 6000 yellow range on the PRI/UTIL/ACC PSI display?

It is a warning range for bleed air pressure Signup and view all the answers

What should the pilot do when operating at an OGE hover?

Establish and announce a forced landing plan Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for the PC to do before entering the helicopter?

Brief specific duties Signup and view all the answers

How can the PC or IP determine the hover power TQ (percent TQ) baseline?

By using PERF page calculations Signup and view all the answers

What information is provided to each crewmember through their individual HDUs?

Situational awareness information Signup and view all the answers

What should the pilot maintain during in-flight operations?

Heading ±10 degrees Signup and view all the answers

What should the pilot maintain during in-flight operations?

Altitude ±100 feet Signup and view all the answers

What should the pilot maintain during in-flight operations?

Airspeed ±10 knots Signup and view all the answers

What should the pilot maintain during in-flight operations?

Rate of climb or descent ±200 FPM Signup and view all the answers

What defines the minimum safe height above the surface or obstacles to which the helicopter can descend in a masked condition?

Minimum safe altitude (MSA) Signup and view all the answers

When are specific crew actions required in the description of a task?

When specific crew actions are necessary to ensure safe, efficient, and effective task execution Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of breaking down a task into crew actions and procedures?

To define the portions of a task performed by each crewmember Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for performing crew coordination actions and announcing malfunctions or emergency conditions?

Both crewmembers Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the description in a task?

To explain the preferred method for conducting a task Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as the altitude above the mask or barriers at which the helicopter may safely hover?

Minimum maneuvering altitude (MMA) Signup and view all the answers

When do the words 'will' and 'shall' not institute a standard?

In all modes of flight Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the designations P*, P, PI, PLT, and copilot/gunner (CPG)?

They do not refer to PC duties Signup and view all the answers

What should the pilot do if the aircraft is experiencing a dual engine failure?

Maintain airspeed and glide to a safe landing area Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in responding to an engine failure?

Identify the failed engine Signup and view all the answers

What should the pilot do if the aircraft is experiencing a loss of hydraulic pressure?

Use the manual brake pump to maintain hydraulic pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the procedure for responding to a fire in the engine compartment?

Shut down the engine and activate the fire suppression system Signup and view all the answers

What should the pilot do if the aircraft is experiencing a failure of the primary flight display?

Use the backup flight display Signup and view all the answers

What is the procedure for responding to a system malfunction?

Consult the emergency procedures checklist Signup and view all the answers

What should the pilot do if the aircraft is experiencing a failure of the electrical system?

Use the battery to power essential systems Signup and view all the answers

What is the procedure for responding to a medical emergency on board?

Provide first aid to the patient Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary responsibility of the trainer/evaluator during emergency training?

To recover the aircraft from simulated malfunction within procedure parameters Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of considering environmental conditions in a task?

To evaluate risk associated with task performance under certain conditions Signup and view all the answers

Why are wires and other hazards more difficult to detect at night?

Because of the lack of natural lighting Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of accurately marking and plotting hazards on paper maps and TSD?

To ensure safe flight operations at night/NVG/NVS Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the CPG in the aircraft?

To act as a functioning crewmember Signup and view all the answers

What is the trainer/evaluator's responsibility during engine failure training?

To ensure safe landing areas are available Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to consider environmental conditions during task performance?

To evaluate risk associated with task performance Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of including environmental considerations in a task?

To evaluate risk associated with task performance under certain conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the IIMC procedures?

To avoid inadvertently entering instrument meteorological conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical aspect of crew coordination during emergency procedures?

Clear communication and role definition among crew members Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration during flight plan preparation and filing?

Weather conditions and forecasts Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical parameter to consider during weight and balance calculations?

Center of gravity Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary concern during visual flight rules (VFR) minimums and procedures?

Weather conditions and visibility Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of publications required in aircraft?

Pilot operating handbooks Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical consideration during aircraft system malfunctions?

System redundancy and backup Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary purpose of the retreating blade stall procedure?

To avoid rotor blade stall Signup and view all the answers

When operating at an OGE hover, what should the pilot establish and announce?

Both forced landing and single engine flyaway plans Signup and view all the answers

What should the pilot maintain during in-flight operations?

Altitude ±100 feet and airspeed ±10 knots Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for the PC to do before entering the helicopter?

Brief specific duties Signup and view all the answers

How can the PC or IP determine the hover power TQ (percent TQ) baseline?

By using PERF page calculations Signup and view all the answers

What information is provided to each crewmember through their individual HDUs?

Situational awareness information Signup and view all the answers

When are specific crew actions required in the description of a task?

During emergency procedures Signup and view all the answers

What should the pilot maintain during in-flight operations?

Ground track alignment with minimum drift Signup and view all the answers

What should the pilot acknowledge during in-flight operations?

Low altitude warning audio Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as the minimum safe height above the surface or obstacles to which the helicopter can descend in a masked condition?

Minimum safe altitude (MSA) Signup and view all the answers

When are specific crew actions required in the description of a task?

When specific crew actions are required Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of crew coordination actions?

To ensure safe, efficient, and effective task execution Signup and view all the answers

What do the designations P*, P, PI, PLT, and copilot/gunner (CPG) refer to?

Crewmember responsibilities Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of breaking down a task into crew actions and procedures?

To ensure safe, efficient, and effective task execution Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the description in this manual?

To explain the preferred method for conducting a task to meet the standards Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for the PC to do before entering the helicopter?

Not specified in the content Signup and view all the answers

What applies in all modes of flight during the description?

Day, night, IMC, NVD, or CBRN operations Signup and view all the answers

What should the trainer/evaluator ensure during engine failure training?

That safe landing areas are available Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of including environmental considerations in a task?

To evaluate risk associated with task performance under certain environmental conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consideration during night/NVG/NVS operations?

Wires and other hazards are more difficult to detect Signup and view all the answers

When should the trainer/evaluator recover the aircraft from a simulated malfunction?

Within the parameters of the procedure being trained or evaluated Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the crewmembers during tasks?

To consider additional aspects of the task when performing it in different environmental conditions Signup and view all the answers

What should the trainer/evaluator do as a functioning crewmember?

Perform as required, unless training/evaluating pilot response to an ineffective crewmember Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the procedures section of a task?

To explain the portions of a task that an individual or crew accomplishes Signup and view all the answers

What should the trainer/evaluator ensure during evaluation?

That the pilot responds correctly to an ineffective crewmember Signup and view all the answers

What should the pilot do when experiencing an Inadvertent Instrument Meteorological Condition (IIMC)?

Contact ATC for priority clearance Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Crew Coordination procedure?

To ensure crew members are aware of their roles and responsibilities Signup and view all the answers

What should the pilot do when experiencing a Retreating Blade Stall?

Apply gentle cyclic inputs to re-establish airflow Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Weight and Balance requirements?

To ensure safe takeoff and landing weights Signup and view all the answers

What should the pilot do when experiencing an engine failure during takeoff?

Abort the takeoff and shut down the engine Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Flight Plan Preparation and Filing procedure?

To plan and file a flight plan for a specific route Signup and view all the answers

What should the pilot do when experiencing a hydraulic system failure?

Land as soon as possible and shut down the engine Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Visual Flight Rules (VFR) minimums and procedures?

To ensure safe flight operations in visual meteorological conditions Signup and view all the answers

What should the pilot do in response to an engine failure during a confined area operation?

Immediately execute an autorotation and land in a nearby clearing Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern during a one-engine-inoperative (OEI) approach?

Preventing torque-induced yaw Signup and view all the answers

What should the pilot do if the helicopter experiences a loss of rotor RPM during flight?

Reduce collective pitch to minimize RPM loss Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended procedure for responding to a dual engine failure during cruise flight?

Immediately enter autorotation and prepare for landing Signup and view all the answers

What should the pilot do if the helicopter experiences a system failure that affects its ability to fly?

Declare an emergency and prepare for an emergency landing Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective during an emergency landing?

Protect the crew and passengers Signup and view all the answers

What should the pilot do if the helicopter experiences a loss of hydraulic pressure during flight?

Reduce collective pitch to minimize system pressure loss Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended procedure for responding to a fire in the cockpit during flight?

Declare an emergency and prepare for an emergency landing Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hydraulic Systems Introduction

The aircraft has two independent hydraulic systems: primary and utility.
Both systems are similar but not identical, with separate and shared functions.

Primary Hydraulic System

Provides hydraulic pressure to the primary side of all four flight control servoactuators.
Consists of a hydraulic pump, manifold, and servoactuators.
The primary hydraulic pump is mounted on the left side of the transmission accessory gearbox.
The pump is a constant pressure, variable displacement design, driven by the transmission accessory gear train.

Primary Hydraulic Manifold

Stores, filters, and regulates the flow of hydraulic fluid.
Has mechanical dirty filter indicators for visual inspection on both manifold pressure and return sides.
The return filter has a bypass valve.

Hydraulic System Controls

Operation of the hydraulic system is automatic except in emergency situations, tail wheel locking/unlocking, and rotor brake activation.
Hydraulic system indications are displayed on the ENG and SYS pages.
The primary hydraulic system failure will result in the loss of BUCS and SCAS functionality.

Tail Wheel Lock

Utility hydraulic pressure is used by the tail wheel lock actuator to unlock the tail wheel.
The tail wheel can be locked or unlocked from either crew station via the TAIL WHEEL panel or collective grip tail wheel button.

Hydraulic System Indications

PRI/UTIL/ACC PSI: 0 - 6000 psi displayed in increments of 10.
Yellow warning: 3410 - 6000 psi ≥ 5 seconds, red with box: ≥ 5 minutes.
Red with box: 0-1250 psi.

Pneumatic Systems

The IPAS (Integrated Pneumatic System) pressurizes, regulates, and distributes air to various systems.
The primary pneumatic power source is dual engine bleed air.
The secondary source is single engine bleed air.
APU bleed air is used to start main engines during aircraft power-up.

IPAS Control

Control of IPAS is an integrated function provided by mission processors and the Electrical Power Management System (EPMS).
The A/C UTIL page and HIT page provide BLEED AIR 1 and 2 on/off buttons.

Helicopter Operations

Establish and announce a forced landing or single engine flyaway plan when operating at an OGE hover
Maintain ground track within 3 feet, constant rate of movement for existing conditions, and constant rate of turn during OGE hover

In-Flight Operations

Maintain heading ±10 degrees, ground track alignment with minimum drift, and altitude ±100 feet
Maintain airspeed ±10 knots and rate of climb or descent ±200 feet per minute (FPM)
Maintain trim ±ball width and acknowledge low altitude warning audio

Crew Responsibilities

Both crewmembers are responsible for performing crew coordination actions and announcing malfunctions or emergency conditions
PC (Pilot Command) duties include briefing specific duties before entering the helicopter, maintaining airspace surveillance, and applying environmental considerations
Copilot/Gunner (CPG) duties include assisting the PC and performing additional tasks as required

Hover Power Checks

Initial hover power check should be completed at the beginning of the flight IAW Task 1038 (IGE power available and environmental conditions permitting)
Hover power TQ (percent [%] TQ) baseline can be determined using PERF page (CUR, PLAN, or MAX mode) calculations
Environmental and load considerations will be applied throughout the flight

Situational Awareness

Situational awareness information will be provided to each crewmember through their individual HDUs
PC will approve instances when it may be desired not to employ the HDU during the conduct of the mission or a specific flight maneuver

Altitude Definitions

Minimum Safe Altitude (MSA) is defined as the minimum safe height above the surface or obstacles to which the helicopter can descend in a masked condition
Minimum Maneuvering Altitude (MMA) is defined as the altitude above the mask or barriers at which the helicopter may safely hover### AH-64 MTL

Aviator (PI): Base Task Training

Participate in a Crew Mission Briefing
Plan a Visual Flight Rules (VFR) Flight
Plan an Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Flight
Prepare a Performance Planning Card (PPC)
Verify Aircraft Weight and Balance
Operate Mission Planning System
Perform Preflight Inspection
Perform Before-Starting Engine through Before-Leaving Helicopter Checks
Initiate Hot and High Dual Engine Training Mode
Maintain Airspace Surveillance
Perform Radio Communications Procedures
Perform Ground Taxi Operations
Perform Hovering Flight
Perform a Visual Meteorological Conditions (VMC) Takeoff
Navigate by Pilotage and Dead Reckoning
Perform Fuel Management Procedures
Perform a VMC Approach
Perform Slope Operations
Perform a Roll-On Landing
Respond to Emergencies
Perform Single-Engine Landing
Respond to Engine Failure
Respond to Dual Engine Failure
Perform Stability and Command Augmentation System-Off/Backup Control System-On Flight
Respond to Engine Overspeed-Underspeed Condition
Perform Rolling Takeoff
Perform Tactical Situation Display Operations
Perform Basic Maneuvering Flight
Perform Integrated Helmet and Display Sight System Video Adjustments and Boresight
Perform Digital Communications Procedures
Negotiate Wire Obstacles
Operate Video Recorder
Perform Instrument Takeoff (ITO)
Perform Radio Navigation
Perform Holding Procedures
Perform Non-Precision Approach
Perform Precision Approach
Perform Unusual Attitude Recovery
Respond to Inadvertent Instrument Meteorological Conditions (IIMC)
Perform Refueling-Rearming Operations
Perform Diving Flight
Employ Aviator's Night Vision Imaging System
React to Aviator's Night Vision Imaging System Failure
Participate in a Crew-Level After Action Review
Perform Night Vision System Operational Checks
Perform Combat Maneuvering Flight
Perform Target Handover
Operate Infrared Laser Pointing Devices
Perform Aerial Observation
Perform Evasive Maneuvers
Perform Actions on Contact

Tactical Training

Perform Tactical Flight Mission Planning
Operate Aircraft Survivability Equipment (ASE)
Perform Target Store Procedures
Perform Target Acquisition Designation Sight Sensor Operations
Perform Fire Control Radar Operations
Perform Electronic Countermeasures-Electronic Counter-Countermeasures Procedures
Transmit Tactical Reports (Digital/Voice)
Perform Terrain Flight Navigation
Perform Masking and Unmasking
Perform Firing Position Operations
Perform Weapons Initialization Procedures
Perform Firing Techniques
Engage Target with Semi-Active Laser Hellfire Missile
Engage Target with Radar Frequency Hellfire Missile
Engage Target with Rockets
Engage Target with Area Weapon System
Perform Target Handover

Maintenance Test Pilot (MP): Maintenance Training

Perform Prior to Maintenance Test Flight Checks
Perform Maintenance Operational Check-Maintenance Test Flight
Perform Interior Checks
Perform Before-Starting Auxiliary Power Unit Checks
Perform Starting Auxiliary Power Unit Checks
Perform After-Starting Auxiliary Power Unit Checks
Perform Starting Engine Checks
Perform Engine Run-Up and Systems Checks
Perform Before Taxi Checks
Perform Taxi Checks
Perform Baseline and Normal Engine Health Indicator Test
Perform Before Hover Checks
Perform Hover Checks
Perform Hover Maneuvering Checks
Perform Flight Management Computer-Attitude Hold Checks
Perform Visionic Systems Checks
Perform Hover Box Drift Checks
Perform Initial Takeoff Checks
Perform Engine Torque Factor Check
Perform Cruise Flight Checks
Perform Autorotation Revolutions Per Minute Check
Perform Attitude Hold Check
Perform Maneuvering-Flight Checks
Perform Stabilator System Check
Determine Turbine Gas Temperature Setting-Contingency Power
Perform Communication and Navigation Equipment Checks
Perform Sight-Sensor Checks
Perform Weapon Systems Checks
Perform Special-Detailed Procedures
Perform Engine Shutdown Checks
Perform Vh Check

Maintenance Evaluator (ME): Instructor/Trainer Tasks

Operate a Flight Simulator
Instruct Academic Subjects
Evaluate Aircrew Academic Knowledge
Instruct Aircrew Member Tasks
Evaluate Aircrew Tasks
Administer Aircrew Member Evaluation

Instructor Pilot (IP): Instructor/Trainer Tasks

Operate a Flight Simulator
Instruct Academic Subjects
Evaluate Aircrew Academic Knowledge
Instruct Aircrew Member Tasks
Evaluate Aircrew Tasks
Administer Aircrew Member Evaluation

Instrument Flight Examiner (IE): Instructor/Trainer Tasks

Operate a Flight Simulator
Instruct Academic Subjects
Evaluate Aircrew Academic Knowledge
Instruct Aircrew Member Tasks
Evaluate Aircrew Tasks
Administer Aircrew Member Evaluation

Unit Trainer (UT): Instructor/Trainer Tasks

Operate a Flight Simulator
Instruct Academic Subjects
Instruct Aircrew Member Tasks### Crew Roles
CPG (Copilot/Gunner) is the front seat crewmember.

Trainer/Evaluator Roles

Acts as a functioning crewmember and performs as required during training and evaluations.
Ensures safe landing areas are available for engine failure training and that aircraft limits are not exceeded.
Recovers the aircraft from simulated malfunction within procedure parameters to prevent negative habit transfer.

Procedures

Explains the portions of a task that an individual or crew accomplishes.

Considerations

Essential information to consider when performing tasks under various flight modes and environmental conditions.
Includes day, night unaided, and night aided conditions while using NVD (Night Vision Devices).
Evaluates risk associated with task performance under certain environmental conditions.

Common Night/NVG/NVS Considerations

Wires and other hazards are more difficult to detect and must be accurately marked and plotted on paper maps and TSD.

Operating Limitations and Restrictions

Flight envelope limits.
Wind limitations.
Power limits.
Airspeed limits.
Rotor limits.
Engine limits.
Pressure limits.
Temperature limits.
Weather/environmental limitations/restrictions.
MPD performance page/performance chart interpretation.
Other limitations.

Aircraft and Systems

Engines and related equipment.
Flight control system/TRC.
Flight instruments.
Hydraulic system.
Principal dimensions.
Power train and mast mounted assembly.
Auxiliary power unit.
Environmental control system.
Fuel system.
Emergency equipment.
Integrated pressurized air system (IPAS).

Regulations and Publications

AR-95-1, Flight Regulations.
DA PAM 738-751, Functional Users Manual for the Army Maintenance Management System-Aviation.
TC 3-04.4, Fundamentals of Flight.
TC 3-04.11, Commander’s Aviation Training and Standardization Program.
TC 3-04.5, Instrument Flight for Army Aviators.
DOD FLIP.
Operator’s manual/CL.
Local Regulations.
Unit SOP.

Regulations and Publications Topics

Inadvertent instrument meteorological condition (IIMC) procedures.
Crew coordination.
ATP, IATF/CTL requirements.
DOD flight information and usage.
Flight plan preparation and filing.
Weight and balance requirements.
Visual flight rules (VFR) minimums and procedures.
Publications required in aircraft.

Aerodynamics and Maneuvering Flight

Retreating blade stall.

Note: CUI stands for Confidentiality, Unclassified, and Integrity.

Helicopter Operations

Establish and announce a forced landing or single engine flyaway plan when operating at an OGE hover
Maintain ground track within 3 feet, constant rate of movement for existing conditions, and constant rate of turn during OGE hover

In-Flight Operations

Maintain heading ±10 degrees, ground track alignment with minimum drift, and altitude ±100 feet
Maintain airspeed ±10 knots and rate of climb or descent ±200 feet per minute (FPM)
Maintain trim ±ball width and acknowledge low altitude warning audio

Crew Responsibilities

Both crewmembers are responsible for performing crew coordination actions and announcing malfunctions or emergency conditions
PC (Pilot Command) duties include briefing specific duties before entering the helicopter, maintaining airspace surveillance, and applying environmental considerations
Copilot/Gunner (CPG) duties include assisting the PC and performing additional tasks as required

Hover Power Checks

Initial hover power check should be completed at the beginning of the flight IAW Task 1038 (IGE power available and environmental conditions permitting)
Hover power TQ (percent [%] TQ) baseline can be determined using PERF page (CUR, PLAN, or MAX mode) calculations
Environmental and load considerations will be applied throughout the flight

Situational Awareness

Situational awareness information will be provided to each crewmember through their individual HDUs
PC will approve instances when it may be desired not to employ the HDU during the conduct of the mission or a specific flight maneuver

Altitude Definitions

Minimum Safe Altitude (MSA) is defined as the minimum safe height above the surface or obstacles to which the helicopter can descend in a masked condition
Minimum Maneuvering Altitude (MMA) is defined as the altitude above the mask or barriers at which the helicopter may safely hover### AH-64 MTL

Aviator (PI): Base Task Training

Participate in a Crew Mission Briefing
Plan a Visual Flight Rules (VFR) Flight
Plan an Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Flight
Prepare a Performance Planning Card (PPC)
Verify Aircraft Weight and Balance
Operate Mission Planning System
Perform Preflight Inspection
Perform Before-Starting Engine through Before-Leaving Helicopter Checks
Initiate Hot and High Dual Engine Training Mode
Maintain Airspace Surveillance
Perform Radio Communications Procedures
Perform Ground Taxi Operations
Perform Hovering Flight
Perform a Visual Meteorological Conditions (VMC) Takeoff
Navigate by Pilotage and Dead Reckoning
Perform Fuel Management Procedures
Perform a VMC Approach
Perform Slope Operations
Perform a Roll-On Landing
Respond to Emergencies
Perform Single-Engine Landing
Respond to Engine Failure
Respond to Dual Engine Failure
Perform Stability and Command Augmentation System-Off/Backup Control System-On Flight
Respond to Engine Overspeed-Underspeed Condition
Perform Rolling Takeoff
Perform Tactical Situation Display Operations
Perform Basic Maneuvering Flight
Perform Integrated Helmet and Display Sight System Video Adjustments and Boresight
Perform Digital Communications Procedures
Negotiate Wire Obstacles
Operate Video Recorder
Perform Instrument Takeoff (ITO)
Perform Radio Navigation
Perform Holding Procedures
Perform Non-Precision Approach
Perform Precision Approach
Perform Unusual Attitude Recovery
Respond to Inadvertent Instrument Meteorological Conditions (IIMC)
Perform Refueling-Rearming Operations
Perform Diving Flight
Employ Aviator's Night Vision Imaging System
React to Aviator's Night Vision Imaging System Failure
Participate in a Crew-Level After Action Review
Perform Night Vision System Operational Checks
Perform Combat Maneuvering Flight
Perform Target Handover
Operate Infrared Laser Pointing Devices
Perform Aerial Observation
Perform Evasive Maneuvers
Perform Actions on Contact

Tactical Training

Perform Tactical Flight Mission Planning
Operate Aircraft Survivability Equipment (ASE)
Perform Target Store Procedures
Perform Target Acquisition Designation Sight Sensor Operations
Perform Fire Control Radar Operations
Perform Electronic Countermeasures-Electronic Counter-Countermeasures Procedures
Transmit Tactical Reports (Digital/Voice)
Perform Terrain Flight Navigation
Perform Masking and Unmasking
Perform Firing Position Operations
Perform Weapons Initialization Procedures
Perform Firing Techniques
Engage Target with Semi-Active Laser Hellfire Missile
Engage Target with Radar Frequency Hellfire Missile
Engage Target with Rockets
Engage Target with Area Weapon System
Perform Target Handover

Maintenance Test Pilot (MP): Maintenance Training

Perform Prior to Maintenance Test Flight Checks
Perform Maintenance Operational Check-Maintenance Test Flight
Perform Interior Checks
Perform Before-Starting Auxiliary Power Unit Checks
Perform Starting Auxiliary Power Unit Checks
Perform After-Starting Auxiliary Power Unit Checks
Perform Starting Engine Checks
Perform Engine Run-Up and Systems Checks
Perform Before Taxi Checks
Perform Taxi Checks
Perform Baseline and Normal Engine Health Indicator Test
Perform Before Hover Checks
Perform Hover Checks
Perform Hover Maneuvering Checks
Perform Flight Management Computer-Attitude Hold Checks
Perform Visionic Systems Checks
Perform Hover Box Drift Checks
Perform Initial Takeoff Checks
Perform Engine Torque Factor Check
Perform Cruise Flight Checks
Perform Autorotation Revolutions Per Minute Check
Perform Attitude Hold Check
Perform Maneuvering-Flight Checks
Perform Stabilator System Check
Determine Turbine Gas Temperature Setting-Contingency Power
Perform Communication and Navigation Equipment Checks
Perform Sight-Sensor Checks
Perform Weapon Systems Checks
Perform Special-Detailed Procedures
Perform Engine Shutdown Checks
Perform Vh Check

Maintenance Evaluator (ME): Instructor/Trainer Tasks

Operate a Flight Simulator
Instruct Academic Subjects
Evaluate Aircrew Academic Knowledge
Instruct Aircrew Member Tasks
Evaluate Aircrew Tasks
Administer Aircrew Member Evaluation

Instructor Pilot (IP): Instructor/Trainer Tasks

Operate a Flight Simulator
Instruct Academic Subjects
Evaluate Aircrew Academic Knowledge
Instruct Aircrew Member Tasks
Evaluate Aircrew Tasks
Administer Aircrew Member Evaluation

Instrument Flight Examiner (IE): Instructor/Trainer Tasks

Operate a Flight Simulator
Instruct Academic Subjects
Evaluate Aircrew Academic Knowledge
Instruct Aircrew Member Tasks
Evaluate Aircrew Tasks
Administer Aircrew Member Evaluation

Unit Trainer (UT): Instructor/Trainer Tasks

Operate a Flight Simulator
Instruct Academic Subjects
Instruct Aircrew Member Tasks### Crew Roles
CPG (Copilot/Gunner) is the front seat crewmember.

Trainer/Evaluator Roles

Acts as a functioning crewmember and performs as required during training and evaluations.
Ensures safe landing areas are available for engine failure training and that aircraft limits are not exceeded.
Recovers the aircraft from simulated malfunction within procedure parameters to prevent negative habit transfer.

Procedures

Explains the portions of a task that an individual or crew accomplishes.

Considerations

Essential information to consider when performing tasks under various flight modes and environmental conditions.
Includes day, night unaided, and night aided conditions while using NVD (Night Vision Devices).
Evaluates risk associated with task performance under certain environmental conditions.

Common Night/NVG/NVS Considerations

Wires and other hazards are more difficult to detect and must be accurately marked and plotted on paper maps and TSD.

Operating Limitations and Restrictions

Flight envelope limits.
Wind limitations.
Power limits.
Airspeed limits.
Rotor limits.
Engine limits.
Pressure limits.
Temperature limits.
Weather/environmental limitations/restrictions.
MPD performance page/performance chart interpretation.
Other limitations.

Aircraft and Systems

Engines and related equipment.
Flight control system/TRC.
Flight instruments.
Hydraulic system.
Principal dimensions.
Power train and mast mounted assembly.
Auxiliary power unit.
Environmental control system.
Fuel system.
Emergency equipment.
Integrated pressurized air system (IPAS).

Regulations and Publications

AR-95-1, Flight Regulations.
DA PAM 738-751, Functional Users Manual for the Army Maintenance Management System-Aviation.
TC 3-04.4, Fundamentals of Flight.
TC 3-04.11, Commander’s Aviation Training and Standardization Program.
TC 3-04.5, Instrument Flight for Army Aviators.
DOD FLIP.
Operator’s manual/CL.
Local Regulations.
Unit SOP.

Regulations and Publications Topics

Inadvertent instrument meteorological condition (IIMC) procedures.
Crew coordination.
ATP, IATF/CTL requirements.
DOD flight information and usage.
Flight plan preparation and filing.
Weight and balance requirements.
Visual flight rules (VFR) minimums and procedures.
Publications required in aircraft.

Aerodynamics and Maneuvering Flight

Retreating blade stall.

Note: CUI stands for Confidentiality, Unclassified, and Integrity.

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Description

Learn about the primary and utility hydraulic systems, their similarities and differences, and how they provide hydraulic pressure to flight control systems.