Chemical Bonding: Hybridization Quiz

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What type of hybridization occurs in a methane molecule (CH4)?

  • sp2
  • sp3 (correct)
  • sp
  • s

Which of the following bond angles is associated with sp2 hybridization?

  • 109.5°
  • 180°
  • 90°
  • 120° (correct)

In sp3 hybridization, how many equivalent hybrid orbitals are formed?

  • 2
  • 3
  • 5
  • 4 (correct)

What must occur for carbon to achieve sp3 hybridization from its ground state?

<p>Absorb energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the geometry of sp3 hybridized compounds?

<p>Tetrahedral (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are the π bonds formed in sp2 hybridized compounds?

<p>Side-by-side overlap of unhybridized p orbitals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the hybridization type of carbon in ethylene (C2H4)?

<p>sp2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'tetrahedral' refer to in sp3 hybridization?

<p>The geometry around a central atom (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the bond angle formed in a molecule with sp hybridization?

<p>180° (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bond is formed when there is a difference in electronegativity greater than 2?

<p>Ionic bond (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a double bond from a single bond in terms of hybridization?

<p>A double bond includes one sigma and one pi bond. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the geometrical arrangement around a central atom with sp3 hybridization?

<p>Tetrahedral (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between polar and non-polar covalent bonds as defined by electronegativity?

<p>Polar bonds have a difference in EN between 0.5 and 2. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of hybridization, how many unhybridized orbitals are present in a molecule with sp2 hybridization?

<p>One (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the electronegativity value range that commonly provides a non-polar covalent bond?

<p>0-0.5 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about hybridization is correct?

<p>sp hybridization involves the mixing of one s and two p orbitals. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards are hidden until you start studying

Study Notes

Introduction

  • Hybridization explains how atomic orbitals mix to form new hybrid orbitals, which are more suitable for bonding.

Types of Hybridization

  • sp3 Hybridization:
    • Involves one s orbital and three p orbitals.
    • Forms four equivalent sp3 hybrid orbitals with tetrahedral geometry.
    • Bond angles are 109.5°.
    • Example: Methane (CH4).
  • sp2 Hybridization:
    • Involves one s orbital and two p orbitals.
    • Forms three sp2 hybrid orbitals with trigonal planar geometry.
    • Bond angles are 120°.
    • Example: Ethylene (C2H4).
  • sp Hybridization:
    • Involves one s orbital and one p orbital.
    • Forms two sp hybrid orbitals with linear geometry.
    • Bond angles are 180°.
    • Example: Acetylene (C2H2).

Comparison of Hybridization Types

Category sp3 sp2 sp
Number of Hybridized Orbitals 4 3 2
Number of Unhybridized Orbitals 0 1 2
Geometry around Central Atom Tetrahedral Trigonal Planar Linear
Bond Angle around Central Atom (°) 109.5 120 180

Carbon-Carbon Bonds

  • Single C-C bond: Formed by one sigma bond (σ).
  • Double C=C bond: Formed by one sigma bond (σ) and one pi bond (Ï€).
  • Triple C≡C bond: Formed by one sigma bond (σ) and two pi bonds (Ï€).

Electronegativity (EN)

  • It is the ability of an atom to attract electrons.
  • The higher the EN, the stronger the attraction for electrons..

Types of Chemical Bonds

  • Ionic bond:
    • Formed when the difference in EN is greater than 2.
    • Involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.
    • Creates cations (positively charged) and anions (negatively charged).
    • Example: NaCl (sodium chloride).
  • Covalent bond:
    • Formed by the sharing of electrons between two atoms.
    • Non-polar covalent bond:
      • Difference in EN is 0.5 or less.
      • Example: C-C, Br-Br, C-H.
    • Polar covalent bond:
      • Difference in EN is between 0.5 and 2.
      • Example: H-O, C-Cl.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

More Like This

Chemical Bonding and Hybridization Quiz
3 questions
Organic Chemistry: Hybridization Quiz
0 questions
Organic Chemistry Basics
16 questions

Organic Chemistry Basics

GoldenClavichord7211 avatar
GoldenClavichord7211
Chimie organique 1
60 questions

Chimie organique 1

SpiritualAntigorite1320 avatar
SpiritualAntigorite1320
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser