Hyaline Cartilage Structure

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary component of the capsular matrix surrounding chondrocytes?

Type IX collagen fibrils

Type I collagen fibrils

Type VI collagen fibrils (correct)

Type II collagen fibrils

What is the function of hyaline cartilage in the developing fetus?

It provides a model for the developing muscular system.

It provides a model for the developing circulatory system.

It provides a model for the developing skeleton. (correct)

It provides a model for the developing nervous system.

What is the characteristic of chondrocytes in the Zone of Proliferating Cartilage?

They are arranged in rows, parallel to the long axis of the specimen. (correct)

They are cuboidal in shape.

They are spherical in shape.

They are haphazard and have no definite arrangement.

What is the characteristic of the territorial matrix?

It contains a lower concentration of sulfated proteoglycans. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which bones develop from hyaline cartilage?

Endochondral ossification (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the Zone of Maturation and Hypertrophy?

Chondrocytes and lacunae enlarge to a cuboidal shape. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the Zone of Calcification?

Matrix appears darker staining and lacunae have opened up. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What occurs in the Zone of Developing Trabeculae?

Osteoblasts gather on the surface of cartilage plates or bone trabeculae. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the matrix of elastic cartilage compared to hyaline cartilage?

It does not calcify during the aging process (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of collagen fibrils are present in the ECM of fibrocartilage?

Varying amounts of both Type I and Type II (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the epiphyseal growth plates?

To facilitate bone growth in length (C) Signup and view all the answers

Where is hyaline cartilage typically found in a fully grown individual?

In the articular surface of joints and rib cage (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the ECM in elastic cartilage that distinguishes it from hyaline cartilage?

Elastin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is fibrocartilage composed of?

A combination of dense regular connective tissue and hyaline cartilage (A) Signup and view all the answers

Where is elastic cartilage typically found?

In the external ear, walls of the external acoustic meatus, and auditory tube (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the residual cartilage at the proximal and distal end of the bone?

To serve as growth sites called epiphyseal growth plates (D) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Regions of Hyaline Cartilage Matrix

Capsular (Pericellular) matrix: a ring of densely staining matrix around the chondrocyte, containing the highest concentration of sulfated proteoglycans, hyaluronan, biglycans, and multiadhesive glycoproteins.
Territorial matrix: a region surrounding the isogenous group, containing a randomly arranged network of type II collagen fibrils with smaller quantities of type IX collagen.
Interterritorial matrix: a region surrounding the territorial matrix, occupying the space between groups of chondrocytes.

Zones of Hyaline Cartilage Development

Zone of Resting Cartilage: chondrocytes are haphazard and have no definite arrangement.
Zone of Proliferating Cartilage: chondrocytes are arranged in rows, parallel to the long axis of the specimen.
Zone of Maturation and Hypertrophy: chondrocytes and lacunae enlarge to a cuboidal shape.
Zone of Calcification: matrix appears darker staining, and lacunae have opened up.
Zone of Developing Trabeculae: osteoblasts gather on the surface of cartilage plates or bone trabeculae.
Zone of Resorption: characterized by the presence of osteoclasts.

Hyaline Cartilage Development and Function

Hyaline cartilage provides a model for the developing skeleton of the fetus.
It is the precursor of bones that develop by the process of endochondral ossification.
During development, most cartilage is replaced by bone, leaving residual cartilage at growth sites (epiphyseal growth plates).
In adults, cartilage remnants are found in articular surfaces of joints, rib cage, trachea, bronchi, larynx, and nose.

Elastic Cartilage

Elastic cartilage is distinguished by the presence of elastin in the cartilage matrix.
It contains a dense network of branching and anastomosing elastic fibers and interconnecting sheets of elastic material.
Found in the external ear, walls of the external acoustic meatus, auditory (Eustachian) tube, and epiglottis of the larynx.
Unlike hyaline cartilage, the matrix of elastic cartilage does not calcify during aging.

Fibrocartilage

Fibrocartilage is a combination of dense regular connective tissue and hyaline cartilage.
Typically present in intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, insertion of tendons, and structures within certain joints.
The ECM of fibrocartilage contains varying amounts of both Type I and Type II collagen fibrils.
In addition, ground substance contains larger amounts of versican (a proteoglycan monomer secreted by fibroblasts) than aggrecan (produced by chondrocytes) molecules.

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Description

Discover the different regions of hyaline cartilage, including the capsular matrix and its components, such as sulfated proteoglycans and type VI collagen fibrils.