HX90 Platform Configuration

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of Inroute IP header compression?

To prioritize real-time applications

To enable static and dynamic addressing

To reduce overhead and increase satellite network efficiency (correct)

To provide secondary satellite frequency support

Which of the following is a feature of Bandwidth Management in the HX90 Platform?

RIP V1/RIPv2/BGP

CBR/CIR/BE (correct)

ICMP support

VLAN Tagging

What is the purpose of PEP and inroute prioritization in the HX90 Platform?

To support IGMPv2 for multicast to LAN

To enable MPLS QoS

To provide Quality of Service (QoS) for real-time applications (correct)

To enable DHCP server and relay support

What is the advantage of VADB in the HX90 Platform?

It provides advanced satellite technology advancements Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mobility solution feature in the HX90 Platform?

DHCP server and relay support Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of NAT/PAT in the HX90 Platform?

To allow multiple devices to share a single public IP address Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Hub Earth Station in the Indian Railways network?

Converting data into IF and RF signals for transmission Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected increase in bandwidth for Indian Railways after upgrading to the HX Satellite technology?

65% more bandwidth in the existing transponder space Signup and view all the answers

What feature of the HX platform enables it to support mobility applications?

GPS-based automatic Lat Long parameter collection Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of single window troubleshooting in the HX network?

Simplified issue identification and resolution Signup and view all the answers

What is the current out-route bandwidth of the HX network?

12Mbps Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of the HX network's large bandwidth pool availability?

Increased availability for all users Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the IR's present HUB Earth station?

New Delhi Signup and view all the answers

What feature of the HX network enables it to provide more bandwidth in the existing transponder space?

Network configuration flexibility Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary technology used by the HX network?

DVB-S2 with Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Link Budget Calculation in Satellite Communication?

To determine the antenna size and transponder sizing for receive and transmit segments Signup and view all the answers

What is the transmission delay for one hop in a satellite communication?

Between 240msec and 270msec Signup and view all the answers

What is the frequency space allocated by Railway for their VSAT Network on GSAT 18?

12 Mhz Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Block Up Converter (BUC) in the Outdoor Unit (ODU) of a Remote Earth Station?

To transmit signals to the satellite Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM) in the HX network?

It provides maximum bandwidth efficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Low Noise Block (LNB) in the Outdoor Unit (ODU) of a Remote Earth Station?

To receive signals from the satellite Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of the Flexible configurations with multiple networking topologies in the HX network?

It allows for flexible configuration with multiple networking topologies such as star, mesh, and multi-mesh Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of VSAT network in Indian Railways?

To provide connectivity between various Railway data networks and remote locations Signup and view all the answers

What is the architecture of Indian Railway VSAT network?

Star architecture Signup and view all the answers

What is the frequency range used for uplink transmission in IR VSAT network?

13.75 to 14.5 GHz Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Interface Equipment in IR VSAT network?

To work with any network using suitable Interface equipment Signup and view all the answers

What is the frequency range used for downlink transmission in IR VSAT network?

10.70 to 12.75 GHz Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Satellite Transponder in IR VSAT network?

To act as a repeater in space Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Network Control Centre in IR VSAT network?

To monitor the health of the network Signup and view all the answers

What type of connectivity is provided by VSAT network?

Both Point to Point and Point to Multi Point Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the Hub Earth Station in the Indian Railways network?

To establish communication between remotes and external networks Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of upgrading to the HX Satellite technology?

Increased bandwidth in existing transponder space Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the HX 200 modem in the A-route ART VSAT system?

To collect Lat Long parameters automatically through GPS Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of the single window troubleshooting feature in the HX network?

Simplified troubleshooting process Signup and view all the answers

What is the current out-route bandwidth of the HX network?

7.4Mbps Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary feature of the HX platform that enables it to support mobility applications?

Mobility solution capability Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the IR's present HUB Earth station?

New Delhi Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of the large bandwidth pool availability in the HX network?

Availability of bandwidth for all users Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of analyzing traffic flow in VSAT networks?

To optimize the working of all applications Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle of bandwidth allocation in Ku Band VSAT Networks?

Shared bandwidth principles with priorities and grouping of traffic Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of more devices becoming active in a group in Ku Band VSAT Networks?

Each device gets a lower amount of bandwidth Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of ambient conditions on VSAT equipment?

It affects the performance of VSAT equipment both at Hub Earth Station and Remote Earth Station Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical consideration for proper functioning of VSAT Hub Equipment?

Continuous heat dissipation and maintaining normal temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of setting priorities for different groups in Ku Band VSAT Networks?

It results in a very effective utilization of bandwidth Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Center in managing VSAT networks?

It tracks the performance of remote sites and attends to faults Signup and view all the answers

Why is bandwidth management important in VSAT networks?

Because the cost of bandwidth on satellite is very high Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of IGMPv2 in the HX90 Platform?

To provide multicast support to LAN Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of VRRP in the HX90 Platform?

Enables redundant routing Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of DHCP server and relay support in the HX90 Platform?

To provide IP address allocation and management Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of RIP V1/RIPv2/BGP in the HX90 Platform?

To enable routing and switching Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of CBR support in the HX90 Platform?

To provide QoS for real-time applications Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of CLTC and CLPC in the HX90 Platform?

Supports VLAN tagging and ICMP Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Inbound HIS 512Kbps/1Mbps in the HX90 Platform?

To support inbound data transmission Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of VLAN Tagging in the HX90 Platform?

Supports network segmentation and isolation Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of feeding latitude and longitude information in remote installations?

To determine the location of the remote site with respect to the Satellite as well as Hub Earth Station Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard interface provided at Remote Station?

Ethernet LAN output Signup and view all the answers

What is the responsibility of Network Control Center?

To manage the whole of the VSAT Network Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Router or Router Switch combinations at Hub Earth Stations?

To interface with the external data devices Signup and view all the answers

What type of servers need to be interfaced with VSAT network through a router switch combination?

Web Servers for providing Internet applications Signup and view all the answers

What is the output provided by the Indoor Unit?

Ethernet LAN ports Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Network Management System in the Network Control Center?

To administer and manage the whole of the VSAT Network Signup and view all the answers

What is shown in Annexure-4?

A typical remote earth installation over Railway Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Satellite Transponder in the IR VSAT network?

To receive and retransmit the signal between the Hub and Remote Earth Stations Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using the Ku Band frequency range in the IR VSAT network?

It is less prone to interference from other satellite systems Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Network Control Centre in the IR VSAT network?

To monitor and control the transmission links in the network Signup and view all the answers

What type of connectivity is provided by the IR VSAT network for Accident Site Communication?

Both Point to Point and Point to Multi Point Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for using VSAT network in Indian Railways?

To provide connectivity in areas with limited infrastructure Signup and view all the answers

What is the frequency range used for uplink transmission in the IR VSAT network?

13.75 to 14.5 GHz Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Interface Equipment in the IR VSAT network?

To enable transparent transmission links with any network Signup and view all the answers

What is the architecture of the Indian Railway VSAT network?

Star Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Hub Earth Station in the Indian Railways network?

To collect data from enterprise LANs and convert it into IF and RF Signals Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of upgrading to the HX Satellite technology?

Increased out-route bandwidth Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary feature of the HX platform that enables it to support mobility applications?

HX 200 modem's capability to collect Lat Long parameters automatically Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the Hub Earth Station in the Indian Railways network?

To collect data from enterprise LANs and convert it into IF and RF signals Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary technology used by the HX network that enables it to be the world's most successful satellite industry standard?

DVB-S2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of the large bandwidth pool availability in the HX network?

Increased bandwidth for all users Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of link budget calculation in satellite communication?

To determine the availability of Satellite communication Signup and view all the answers

What is the frequency space allocated by Railway for their VSAT Network on GSAT 18?

12 Mhz Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the HX 200 modem in the A-route ART VSAT system?

To collect Lat Long parameters automatically through GPS Signup and view all the answers

What is the transmission delay for one hop in a satellite communication?

Between 240msec and 270msec Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected increase in out-route bandwidth for Indian Railways after upgrading to the HX Satellite technology?

65% Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of single window troubleshooting in the HX network?

Simplified troubleshooting process Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Block Up Converter (BUC) in the Outdoor Unit (ODU) of a Remote Earth Station?

To transmit signal to the satellite Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM) in the HX network?

To provide maximum bandwidth efficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Low Noise Block (LNB) in the Outdoor Unit (ODU) of a Remote Earth Station?

To receive signal from the satellite Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of Flexible configurations with multiple networking topologies in the HX network?

To support different network architectures Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of analyzing traffic flow in VSAT networks?

To take corrective actions for optimum working of all applications Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle of bandwidth allocation in Ku Band VSAT Networks?

Bandwidth is allocated based on the priority of groups Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of more devices becoming active in a group in Ku Band VSAT Networks?

The available bandwidth for each device decreases Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical consideration for proper functioning of VSAT Hub Equipment?

Heat dissipation and maintaining normal temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Center in managing VSAT networks?

Tracking the performance and status of remote sites Signup and view all the answers

Why is bandwidth management important in VSAT networks?

To reduce the cost of bandwidth on satellite Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of setting priorities for different groups in Ku Band VSAT Networks?

It allows for effective utilization of bandwidth Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of ambient conditions on VSAT equipment?

It affects both the Hub Earth Station and Remote Earth Station Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for maintaining a dust-free environment in a Remote Earth Station?

To reduce the risk of equipment damage Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of following the Switch on Sequence strictly in a Remote Earth Station?

To ensure proper functioning of the system Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to report any problem related to equipment to the Hub?

To notify the Hub about the equipment failure Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for using an Online UPS in a Remote Earth Station?

To ensure power supply to the equipment Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to allow only authorized and trained people to operate the system?

To prevent unauthorized access to the system Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for not switching on the VSAT immediately after switching off?

To allow the equipment to cool down Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to maintain a log book of all activities related to equipment failures and engineer visits?

To maintain a record of equipment maintenance Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for not using an air cooler for cooling the equipment?

To reduce the risk of electrical shock Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

HX90 Platform

Supports inbound HIS with speeds of 512Kbps/1Mbps
Features MPLS QoS, DHCP server and relay support, IGMPv2 for multicast to LAN, and VLAN Tagging
Offers ICMP support for pings, etc., and an embedded web server for remote status query and configuration
Supports NAT/PAT, RIP V1/RIPv2/BGP, DNS caching and preload, and VRRP
Features dynamic coding ACM/AIS, CLTC and CLPC, CBR/CIR/BE, and static and dynamic addressing
Supports inroute IP header compression, RTP header compression, PEP and inroute prioritization, and PEP and TCP payload compression
Allows secondary satellite frequency support, CBR support for real-time applications, and VADB

HX Network

Works over DVB-S2 technology with Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM)
Features Adaptive Inroute Selection (AIS) for maximum bandwidth efficiency
Offers service level control with multi-level QoS
Allows flexible configurations with multiple networking topologies: star, mesh, and multi-mesh
Supports independent configuration of unique Committed Information Rates (CIRs) for each remote link
Can work over two different transponders on the same satellite for a single network

Satellite Communication

A signal transmission up to the satellite and back down is called a hop
Transmission delay for one hop is between 240msec and 270msec
Indian Railways has hired 12 Mhz frequency space on GSAT 18 for their VSAT Network
Link budget calculation is done to adjudge the availability of Satellite communication
All transponder space is allocated by the Department of Space

Remote Earth Station

Consists of a Parabolic Antenna and an outdoor unit called ODU
ODU has a Block Up Converter (BUC) to transmit and Low Noise Block (LNB) to receive signal

Hub Earth Station

Situated at New Delhi station and is the Heart of the entire Network
Responsible for establishing communication between remotes or remote to external networks
Collects data from enterprise LANs, performs address translation, and converts data into IF and RF Signals
Transmits signals to Satellite and further to remote earth stations/terminals, and maintains integrity checks for all remote earth stations
Tracks Satellite, converts RF received from Remote to Data Signals, and performs time synchronization for all remote earth stations

SALIENT FEATURES OF HX NETWORK

Provides 12Mbps of out-route and 7.4Mbps in-route bandwidth
Offers 65% more bandwidth in the existing transponder space
Features large bandwidth pool availability for all users after going on a single network
Provides single window troubleshooting and supports mobility applications

Satellite Communication System

VSAT Network

Provides point-to-point or point-to-multipoint data connectivity using a geostationary satellite as a repeater location.
Enables data transmission from anywhere on the earth to anywhere else.
Used in Indian Railways for UTS/PRS & FOIS connectivity and Accident Site Communication for voice, data, and video transmission.

IR VSAT Network Components

Hub Earth Station
Remote Earth Station
Satellite Transponder & Space Link
Network Control Centre
Interface Equipment

IR VSAT Network Characteristics

Operates in a Star architecture
Provides transparent transmission links that can work with any network using suitable Interface equipment
Operates in Ku Band with uplink frequency of 13.75 to 14.5 GHz and downlink frequency of 10.70 to 12.75 GHz

Hub Earth Station

Located in New Delhi station
Heart of the entire network
Establishes communication between remotes or remote to external networks
Responsible for:
- Collecting data from enterprise LANs
- Address translation
- Converting data into IF and RF signals
- Transmitting data to satellite and remote earth stations
- Maintaining integrity checks for remote earth stations
- Time synchronization for remote earth stations
- Tracking satellite
- Converting RF received from remote to data signals

HX Network

Upgraded to the latest HX Satellite technology
Salient features:
- Increased network efficiency (12Mbps out-route, 7.4Mbps in-route)
- Large bandwidth pool availability
- Single window troubleshooting
- Mobility solution capability
- Automatic collection of Lat Long parameters through GPS

Remote Earth Station

Interacts with Antenna System and external data devices through Ethernet LAN ports
Requires feeding of latitude and longitude information for location determination
Requires hub-related parameters to make remote sites live in the network

Interface Equipment

Provides interface between VSAT network and external data devices
Uses Router or Router Switch combinations at Hub Earth Stations
Provides Ethernet LAN output as standard interface at Remote Stations

Network Control Center

Responsible for administering and managing the entire VSAT network
Manages applications working on the network
Generates analysis reports for network operation
Tracks performance/status of remote sites and attends to faults

Bandwidth Management

Manages bandwidth on VSAT networks due to high cost of bandwidth on satellite
Operates on shared bandwidth principles
Priorities and grouping of traffic can be defined for effective bandwidth utilization

Miscellaneous

Performance of VSAT equipment is affected by ambient conditions
Hub equipment generates high heat; continuous heat dissipation is crucial for proper functioning.

VSAT Network

VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal) provides point-to-point or point-to-multipoint data connectivity using a geostationary satellite as a repeater location.
VSAT network in Indian Railways is used for UTS/PRS & FOIS connectivity and as Accident Site Communication for voice, data, and video transmission.

IR VSAT Network Components

The IR VSAT network works in a Star architecture and consists of:
- Hub Earth Station
- Remote Earth Station
- Satellite Transponder & Space Link
- Network Control Centre
- Interface Equipment
The IR VSAT network provides transparent transmission links that can work with any network using suitable Interface equipment.

Hub Earth Station

The Hub Earth Station is situated at New Delhi station and is the heart of the entire network.
It is responsible for collecting data from enterprise LANs, address translation, converting data into IF and RF signals, and transmitting them to the satellite and further to remote earth stations/terminals.
The NDLS Satellite Hub has been upgraded to the latest HX Satellite technology.
Salient features of HX network include:
- Network efficiency: 65% more bandwidth in the existing transponder space
- Bandwidth: Large bandwidth pool availability for all users
- Troubleshooting: Single window troubleshooting
- Mobility solution: HX platform supports mobility applications
- Advanced Technology: HX network works over DVB-S2 technology with Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM)
- AIS: Adaptive Inroute Selection for maximum bandwidth efficiency
- QoS: Service level control providing the ability to have multi-level QoS offerings
- Flexibility in configuration: Flexible configurations with multiple networking topologies
- CIR: Each remote link can be independently configured with unique Committed Information Rates (CIRs)
- Capability: Able to work over 02 different transponders on the same satellite for a single network

Remote Earth Station

The Remote Earth Station consists of:
- A Parabolic Antenna
- An outdoor unit called ODU, which has a Block Up Converter (BUC) to transmit and Low Noise Block (LNB) to receive signals.

Bandwidth Management

Management of bandwidth is a very important parameter on VSAT networks as the cost of bandwidth on satellite is very high.
Ku Band VSAT networks work on shared bandwidth principles, where priorities and grouping of traffic can be defined.
Priorities can be set for different groups based on the sensitivity of applications.

Miscellaneous

The performance of VSAT equipment both at Hub Earth Station and Remote Earth Station is affected by ambient conditions.
Important considerations for proper functioning of Remote Earth Station include:
- Maintaining room temperature
- Using online UPS
- Good quality earthing
- Dust-free environment
- Sufficient air circulation and access to Indoor Unit
- Switching on the VSAT first and then switching on other accessories
- Following the switch-on sequence strictly
- Reporting any problems related to equipment to Hub
- Using the computer only for intended applications
- Ensuring computers are virus-free
- Logging all activities related to equipment failures and engineer visits in a log book

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Description

This quiz covers the features and configurations of the HX90 platform, including network protocols, routing, and quality of service. It tests your understanding of the platform's capabilities and settings.