HX90 Platform Configuration
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of Inroute IP header compression?

  • To prioritize real-time applications
  • To enable static and dynamic addressing
  • To reduce overhead and increase satellite network efficiency (correct)
  • To provide secondary satellite frequency support

    • Which of the following is a feature of Bandwidth Management in the HX90 Platform?

  • RIP V1/RIPv2/BGP
  • CBR/CIR/BE (correct)
  • ICMP support
  • VLAN Tagging

    • What is the purpose of PEP and inroute prioritization in the HX90 Platform?

  • To support IGMPv2 for multicast to LAN
  • To enable MPLS QoS
  • To provide Quality of Service (QoS) for real-time applications (correct)
  • To enable DHCP server and relay support

    • What is the advantage of VADB in the HX90 Platform?

    <p>It provides advanced satellite technology advancements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a mobility solution feature in the HX90 Platform?

    <p>DHCP server and relay support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of NAT/PAT in the HX90 Platform?

    <p>To allow multiple devices to share a single public IP address</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Hub Earth Station in the Indian Railways network?

    <p>Converting data into IF and RF signals for transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected increase in bandwidth for Indian Railways after upgrading to the HX Satellite technology?

    <p>65% more bandwidth in the existing transponder space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature of the HX platform enables it to support mobility applications?

    <p>GPS-based automatic Lat Long parameter collection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of single window troubleshooting in the HX network?

    <p>Simplified issue identification and resolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the current out-route bandwidth of the HX network?

    <p>12Mbps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of the HX network's large bandwidth pool availability?

    <p>Increased availability for all users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the IR's present HUB Earth station?

    <p>New Delhi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature of the HX network enables it to provide more bandwidth in the existing transponder space?

    <p>Network configuration flexibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary technology used by the HX network?

    <p>DVB-S2 with Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Link Budget Calculation in Satellite Communication?

    <p>To determine the antenna size and transponder sizing for receive and transmit segments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the transmission delay for one hop in a satellite communication?

    <p>Between 240msec and 270msec</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency space allocated by Railway for their VSAT Network on GSAT 18?

    <p>12 Mhz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Block Up Converter (BUC) in the Outdoor Unit (ODU) of a Remote Earth Station?

    <p>To transmit signals to the satellite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM) in the HX network?

    <p>It provides maximum bandwidth efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Low Noise Block (LNB) in the Outdoor Unit (ODU) of a Remote Earth Station?

    <p>To receive signals from the satellite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of the Flexible configurations with multiple networking topologies in the HX network?

    <p>It allows for flexible configuration with multiple networking topologies such as star, mesh, and multi-mesh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of VSAT network in Indian Railways?

    <p>To provide connectivity between various Railway data networks and remote locations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the architecture of Indian Railway VSAT network?

    <p>Star architecture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency range used for uplink transmission in IR VSAT network?

    <p>13.75 to 14.5 GHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Interface Equipment in IR VSAT network?

    <p>To work with any network using suitable Interface equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency range used for downlink transmission in IR VSAT network?

    <p>10.70 to 12.75 GHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Satellite Transponder in IR VSAT network?

    <p>To act as a repeater in space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Network Control Centre in IR VSAT network?

    <p>To monitor the health of the network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of connectivity is provided by VSAT network?

    <p>Both Point to Point and Point to Multi Point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Hub Earth Station in the Indian Railways network?

    <p>To establish communication between remotes and external networks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of upgrading to the HX Satellite technology?

    <p>Increased bandwidth in existing transponder space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the HX 200 modem in the A-route ART VSAT system?

    <p>To collect Lat Long parameters automatically through GPS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of the single window troubleshooting feature in the HX network?

    <p>Simplified troubleshooting process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the current out-route bandwidth of the HX network?

    <p>7.4Mbps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary feature of the HX platform that enables it to support mobility applications?

    <p>Mobility solution capability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the IR's present HUB Earth station?

    <p>New Delhi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of the large bandwidth pool availability in the HX network?

    <p>Availability of bandwidth for all users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of analyzing traffic flow in VSAT networks?

    <p>To optimize the working of all applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle of bandwidth allocation in Ku Band VSAT Networks?

    <p>Shared bandwidth principles with priorities and grouping of traffic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of more devices becoming active in a group in Ku Band VSAT Networks?

    <p>Each device gets a lower amount of bandwidth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of ambient conditions on VSAT equipment?

    <p>It affects the performance of VSAT equipment both at Hub Earth Station and Remote Earth Station</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical consideration for proper functioning of VSAT Hub Equipment?

    <p>Continuous heat dissipation and maintaining normal temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of setting priorities for different groups in Ku Band VSAT Networks?

    <p>It results in a very effective utilization of bandwidth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Center in managing VSAT networks?

    <p>It tracks the performance of remote sites and attends to faults</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is bandwidth management important in VSAT networks?

    <p>Because the cost of bandwidth on satellite is very high</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of IGMPv2 in the HX90 Platform?

    <p>To provide multicast support to LAN</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of VRRP in the HX90 Platform?

    <p>Enables redundant routing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of DHCP server and relay support in the HX90 Platform?

    <p>To provide IP address allocation and management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of RIP V1/RIPv2/BGP in the HX90 Platform?

    <p>To enable routing and switching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of CBR support in the HX90 Platform?

    <p>To provide QoS for real-time applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of CLTC and CLPC in the HX90 Platform?

    <p>Supports VLAN tagging and ICMP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Inbound HIS 512Kbps/1Mbps in the HX90 Platform?

    <p>To support inbound data transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of VLAN Tagging in the HX90 Platform?

    <p>Supports network segmentation and isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of feeding latitude and longitude information in remote installations?

    <p>To determine the location of the remote site with respect to the Satellite as well as Hub Earth Station</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard interface provided at Remote Station?

    <p>Ethernet LAN output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility of Network Control Center?

    <p>To manage the whole of the VSAT Network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Router or Router Switch combinations at Hub Earth Stations?

    <p>To interface with the external data devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of servers need to be interfaced with VSAT network through a router switch combination?

    <p>Web Servers for providing Internet applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the output provided by the Indoor Unit?

    <p>Ethernet LAN ports</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Network Management System in the Network Control Center?

    <p>To administer and manage the whole of the VSAT Network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is shown in Annexure-4?

    <p>A typical remote earth installation over Railway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Satellite Transponder in the IR VSAT network?

    <p>To receive and retransmit the signal between the Hub and Remote Earth Stations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of using the Ku Band frequency range in the IR VSAT network?

    <p>It is less prone to interference from other satellite systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Network Control Centre in the IR VSAT network?

    <p>To monitor and control the transmission links in the network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of connectivity is provided by the IR VSAT network for Accident Site Communication?

    <p>Both Point to Point and Point to Multi Point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for using VSAT network in Indian Railways?

    <p>To provide connectivity in areas with limited infrastructure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency range used for uplink transmission in the IR VSAT network?

    <p>13.75 to 14.5 GHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Interface Equipment in the IR VSAT network?

    <p>To enable transparent transmission links with any network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the architecture of the Indian Railway VSAT network?

    <p>Star</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Hub Earth Station in the Indian Railways network?

    <p>To collect data from enterprise LANs and convert it into IF and RF Signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of upgrading to the HX Satellite technology?

    <p>Increased out-route bandwidth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary feature of the HX platform that enables it to support mobility applications?

    <p>HX 200 modem's capability to collect Lat Long parameters automatically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Hub Earth Station in the Indian Railways network?

    <p>To collect data from enterprise LANs and convert it into IF and RF signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary technology used by the HX network that enables it to be the world's most successful satellite industry standard?

    <p>DVB-S2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of the large bandwidth pool availability in the HX network?

    <p>Increased bandwidth for all users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of link budget calculation in satellite communication?

    <p>To determine the availability of Satellite communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency space allocated by Railway for their VSAT Network on GSAT 18?

    <p>12 Mhz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the HX 200 modem in the A-route ART VSAT system?

    <p>To collect Lat Long parameters automatically through GPS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the transmission delay for one hop in a satellite communication?

    <p>Between 240msec and 270msec</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected increase in out-route bandwidth for Indian Railways after upgrading to the HX Satellite technology?

    <p>65%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of single window troubleshooting in the HX network?

    <p>Simplified troubleshooting process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Block Up Converter (BUC) in the Outdoor Unit (ODU) of a Remote Earth Station?

    <p>To transmit signal to the satellite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM) in the HX network?

    <p>To provide maximum bandwidth efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Low Noise Block (LNB) in the Outdoor Unit (ODU) of a Remote Earth Station?

    <p>To receive signal from the satellite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of Flexible configurations with multiple networking topologies in the HX network?

    <p>To support different network architectures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of analyzing traffic flow in VSAT networks?

    <p>To take corrective actions for optimum working of all applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle of bandwidth allocation in Ku Band VSAT Networks?

    <p>Bandwidth is allocated based on the priority of groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of more devices becoming active in a group in Ku Band VSAT Networks?

    <p>The available bandwidth for each device decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical consideration for proper functioning of VSAT Hub Equipment?

    <p>Heat dissipation and maintaining normal temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Center in managing VSAT networks?

    <p>Tracking the performance and status of remote sites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is bandwidth management important in VSAT networks?

    <p>To reduce the cost of bandwidth on satellite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of setting priorities for different groups in Ku Band VSAT Networks?

    <p>It allows for effective utilization of bandwidth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of ambient conditions on VSAT equipment?

    <p>It affects both the Hub Earth Station and Remote Earth Station</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for maintaining a dust-free environment in a Remote Earth Station?

    <p>To reduce the risk of equipment damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of following the Switch on Sequence strictly in a Remote Earth Station?

    <p>To ensure proper functioning of the system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to report any problem related to equipment to the Hub?

    <p>To notify the Hub about the equipment failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for using an Online UPS in a Remote Earth Station?

    <p>To ensure power supply to the equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to allow only authorized and trained people to operate the system?

    <p>To prevent unauthorized access to the system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for not switching on the VSAT immediately after switching off?

    <p>To allow the equipment to cool down</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to maintain a log book of all activities related to equipment failures and engineer visits?

    <p>To maintain a record of equipment maintenance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for not using an air cooler for cooling the equipment?

    <p>To reduce the risk of electrical shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    HX90 Platform

    • Supports inbound HIS with speeds of 512Kbps/1Mbps
    • Features MPLS QoS, DHCP server and relay support, IGMPv2 for multicast to LAN, and VLAN Tagging
    • Offers ICMP support for pings, etc., and an embedded web server for remote status query and configuration
    • Supports NAT/PAT, RIP V1/RIPv2/BGP, DNS caching and preload, and VRRP
    • Features dynamic coding ACM/AIS, CLTC and CLPC, CBR/CIR/BE, and static and dynamic addressing
    • Supports inroute IP header compression, RTP header compression, PEP and inroute prioritization, and PEP and TCP payload compression
    • Allows secondary satellite frequency support, CBR support for real-time applications, and VADB

    HX Network

    • Works over DVB-S2 technology with Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM)
    • Features Adaptive Inroute Selection (AIS) for maximum bandwidth efficiency
    • Offers service level control with multi-level QoS
    • Allows flexible configurations with multiple networking topologies: star, mesh, and multi-mesh
    • Supports independent configuration of unique Committed Information Rates (CIRs) for each remote link
    • Can work over two different transponders on the same satellite for a single network

    Satellite Communication

    • A signal transmission up to the satellite and back down is called a hop
    • Transmission delay for one hop is between 240msec and 270msec
    • Indian Railways has hired 12 Mhz frequency space on GSAT 18 for their VSAT Network
    • Link budget calculation is done to adjudge the availability of Satellite communication
    • All transponder space is allocated by the Department of Space

    Remote Earth Station

    • Consists of a Parabolic Antenna and an outdoor unit called ODU
    • ODU has a Block Up Converter (BUC) to transmit and Low Noise Block (LNB) to receive signal

    Hub Earth Station

    • Situated at New Delhi station and is the Heart of the entire Network
    • Responsible for establishing communication between remotes or remote to external networks
    • Collects data from enterprise LANs, performs address translation, and converts data into IF and RF Signals
    • Transmits signals to Satellite and further to remote earth stations/terminals, and maintains integrity checks for all remote earth stations
    • Tracks Satellite, converts RF received from Remote to Data Signals, and performs time synchronization for all remote earth stations

    SALIENT FEATURES OF HX NETWORK

    • Provides 12Mbps of out-route and 7.4Mbps in-route bandwidth
    • Offers 65% more bandwidth in the existing transponder space
    • Features large bandwidth pool availability for all users after going on a single network
    • Provides single window troubleshooting and supports mobility applications

    Satellite Communication System

    VSAT Network

    • Provides point-to-point or point-to-multipoint data connectivity using a geostationary satellite as a repeater location.
    • Enables data transmission from anywhere on the earth to anywhere else.
    • Used in Indian Railways for UTS/PRS & FOIS connectivity and Accident Site Communication for voice, data, and video transmission.

    IR VSAT Network Components

    • Hub Earth Station
    • Remote Earth Station
    • Satellite Transponder & Space Link
    • Network Control Centre
    • Interface Equipment

    IR VSAT Network Characteristics

    • Operates in a Star architecture
    • Provides transparent transmission links that can work with any network using suitable Interface equipment
    • Operates in Ku Band with uplink frequency of 13.75 to 14.5 GHz and downlink frequency of 10.70 to 12.75 GHz

    Hub Earth Station

    • Located in New Delhi station
    • Heart of the entire network
    • Establishes communication between remotes or remote to external networks
    • Responsible for:
      • Collecting data from enterprise LANs
      • Address translation
      • Converting data into IF and RF signals
      • Transmitting data to satellite and remote earth stations
      • Maintaining integrity checks for remote earth stations
      • Time synchronization for remote earth stations
      • Tracking satellite
      • Converting RF received from remote to data signals

    HX Network

    • Upgraded to the latest HX Satellite technology
    • Salient features:
      • Increased network efficiency (12Mbps out-route, 7.4Mbps in-route)
      • Large bandwidth pool availability
      • Single window troubleshooting
      • Mobility solution capability
      • Automatic collection of Lat Long parameters through GPS

    Remote Earth Station

    • Interacts with Antenna System and external data devices through Ethernet LAN ports
    • Requires feeding of latitude and longitude information for location determination
    • Requires hub-related parameters to make remote sites live in the network

    Interface Equipment

    • Provides interface between VSAT network and external data devices
    • Uses Router or Router Switch combinations at Hub Earth Stations
    • Provides Ethernet LAN output as standard interface at Remote Stations

    Network Control Center

    • Responsible for administering and managing the entire VSAT network
    • Manages applications working on the network
    • Generates analysis reports for network operation
    • Tracks performance/status of remote sites and attends to faults

    Bandwidth Management

    • Manages bandwidth on VSAT networks due to high cost of bandwidth on satellite
    • Operates on shared bandwidth principles
    • Priorities and grouping of traffic can be defined for effective bandwidth utilization

    Miscellaneous

    • Performance of VSAT equipment is affected by ambient conditions
    • Hub equipment generates high heat; continuous heat dissipation is crucial for proper functioning.

    VSAT Network

    • VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal) provides point-to-point or point-to-multipoint data connectivity using a geostationary satellite as a repeater location.
    • VSAT network in Indian Railways is used for UTS/PRS & FOIS connectivity and as Accident Site Communication for voice, data, and video transmission.

    IR VSAT Network Components

    • The IR VSAT network works in a Star architecture and consists of:
      • Hub Earth Station
      • Remote Earth Station
      • Satellite Transponder & Space Link
      • Network Control Centre
      • Interface Equipment
    • The IR VSAT network provides transparent transmission links that can work with any network using suitable Interface equipment.

    Hub Earth Station

    • The Hub Earth Station is situated at New Delhi station and is the heart of the entire network.
    • It is responsible for collecting data from enterprise LANs, address translation, converting data into IF and RF signals, and transmitting them to the satellite and further to remote earth stations/terminals.
    • The NDLS Satellite Hub has been upgraded to the latest HX Satellite technology.
    • Salient features of HX network include:
      • Network efficiency: 65% more bandwidth in the existing transponder space
      • Bandwidth: Large bandwidth pool availability for all users
      • Troubleshooting: Single window troubleshooting
      • Mobility solution: HX platform supports mobility applications
      • Advanced Technology: HX network works over DVB-S2 technology with Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM)
      • AIS: Adaptive Inroute Selection for maximum bandwidth efficiency
      • QoS: Service level control providing the ability to have multi-level QoS offerings
      • Flexibility in configuration: Flexible configurations with multiple networking topologies
      • CIR: Each remote link can be independently configured with unique Committed Information Rates (CIRs)
      • Capability: Able to work over 02 different transponders on the same satellite for a single network

    Remote Earth Station

    • The Remote Earth Station consists of:
      • A Parabolic Antenna
      • An outdoor unit called ODU, which has a Block Up Converter (BUC) to transmit and Low Noise Block (LNB) to receive signals.

    Bandwidth Management

    • Management of bandwidth is a very important parameter on VSAT networks as the cost of bandwidth on satellite is very high.
    • Ku Band VSAT networks work on shared bandwidth principles, where priorities and grouping of traffic can be defined.
    • Priorities can be set for different groups based on the sensitivity of applications.

    Miscellaneous

    • The performance of VSAT equipment both at Hub Earth Station and Remote Earth Station is affected by ambient conditions.
    • Important considerations for proper functioning of Remote Earth Station include:
      • Maintaining room temperature
      • Using online UPS
      • Good quality earthing
      • Dust-free environment
      • Sufficient air circulation and access to Indoor Unit
      • Switching on the VSAT first and then switching on other accessories
      • Following the switch-on sequence strictly
      • Reporting any problems related to equipment to Hub
      • Using the computer only for intended applications
      • Ensuring computers are virus-free
      • Logging all activities related to equipment failures and engineer visits in a log book

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    Description

    This quiz covers the features and configurations of the HX90 platform, including network protocols, routing, and quality of service. It tests your understanding of the platform's capabilities and settings.

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