Hunter Ed Course Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What are the two basic styles of firearm actions?

Single-shot and repeating

A firearm safety can be bumped from the safe position.

True

Which shotgun choke has the tightest shot pattern?

full

What is the best way to make sure you have proper ammunition for your firearm?

Match the information on the firearm's barrel to the information on the cartridge or shot-shell before you shoot Signup and view all the answers

What is the danger of placing a 20-gauge shell in a 12-gauge shotgun?

The shell could lodge in the barrel and cause serious personal injury Signup and view all the answers

When you know a firearm's effective killing range, what can you determine?

When a shot will give a clean kill Signup and view all the answers

Which factor has a significant impact on a firearm's maximum projectile range?

Altitude Signup and view all the answers

What is the butt of a firearm?

The part of the stock that you hold against your shoulder when shooting Signup and view all the answers

What is the stock of a gun?

The part of a gun which is held, or braced, against the shooter's body Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a trigger guard?

Pieces that surrounds the trigger to protect it from being squeezed or bumped accidentally Signup and view all the answers

What is a trigger?

Small level that is squeezed to start the firing process Signup and view all the answers

What is the safety mechanism of a firearm?

Mechanical device that blocks the trigger or hammer to help prevent accidental firing Signup and view all the answers

What is a case in terms of ammunition?

The container that holds all the other ammunition components together, usually made of brass, steel, copper, paper, or plastic Signup and view all the answers

What is a primer in ammunition?

An explosive chemical compound that ignites the gunpowder when struck by a firing pin Signup and view all the answers

What is gunpowder?

A chemical mixture that burns rapidly and converts to an expanding gas when ignited Signup and view all the answers

What is a projectile?

The object(s) expelled from the barrel; a bullet is a projectile Signup and view all the answers

What is a wad in shotgun ammunition?

A seal and/or shot container made of paper or plastic separating the powder from the slug or shot in a shot shell Signup and view all the answers

What are common types of rifle bullets?

Pointed soft point, rounded soft point, protected tip, full metal jacket Signup and view all the answers

What is roundnose lead?

Good penetration, little expansion Signup and view all the answers

What is a full metal jacket bullet?

High penetration, no expansion Signup and view all the answers

What is a semi-wad cutter?

Balances penetration and expansion Signup and view all the answers

What is a hollowpoint bullet designed for?

High expansion on impact Signup and view all the answers

What is a wad cutter used for?

Flat ended, used for target shooting; creates clean holes in paper Signup and view all the answers

What is centerfire ammunition?

Used for rifles, shotguns, and handguns; the primer is located in the center of the casing base Signup and view all the answers

What is rimfire ammunition?

Has the primer contained in the rim of the ammunition casing; limited to low-pressure loads Signup and view all the answers

What are shotgun shells (shotshells)?

Use a slug or shot as the projectile Signup and view all the answers

What does gauge refer to in shotguns?

Term used to designate bore diameter of a shotgun; it indicates how many lead balls fit into a pound Signup and view all the answers

What is single action in firearms?

Will fire only after the hammer has been cocked manually for each shot Signup and view all the answers

What is double action in firearms?

Pulling the trigger both cocks and releases the hammer Signup and view all the answers

Safeties can fail.

True Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Firearm Actions

Basic styles of firearm actions: Single-shot and Repeating.

Firearm Safety

Firearm safety can be accidentally disengaged from the safe position.

Shotgun Chokes

The full choke provides the tightest shot pattern among shotgun choke types.

Ammunition Compatibility

Always match the firearm's barrel information with the cartridge's details to ensure proper ammunition use.

Dangerous Misfires

Inserting a 20-gauge shell into a 12-gauge shotgun can lead to serious injuries due to potential blockage in the barrel.

Effective Killing Range

Knowing a firearm's effective killing range determines when a shot can ensure a clean kill.

Maximum Projectile Range Factors

Altitude significantly impacts a firearm's maximum projectile range.

Firearm Components

Butt: Part of the stock held against the shoulder when shooting.
Stock: The part of a gun held against the shooter's body for stability.
Trigger Guard: Surrounds the trigger to prevent accidental activation.
Trigger: A small lever squeezed to initiate firing.

Safety Mechanisms

Safety: Mechanical device blocking the trigger or hammer to prevent accidental firings.

Ammunition Components

Case: Container for various ammunition components, typically made of brass, steel, or plastic.
Primer: An explosive compound igniting the gunpowder when struck; located in either the rim or center of the case.
Gunpowder: Burns rapidly, producing gas when ignited; modern smokeless powder is more stable compared to black powder.
Projectile: The expelled object when fired, which can be bullets for rifles or shot for shotguns.
Wad: Paper or plastic container separating powder from shot in shotgun shells.

Types of Rifle Bullets

Pointed Soft Point: High velocity and accuracy, excellent for mushrooming.
Rounded Soft Point: Suitable for low-velocity calibers, ideal for tubular magazines.
Protected Tip: Highly accurate with excellent expansion capabilities.
Full Metal Jacket: Maximizes penetration without expansion; often illegal for big game hunting.
Roundnose Lead: Good penetration with minimal expansion.
Semi-Wad Cutter: Balances penetration and expansion.
Hollowpoint: High expansion on impact for effective stopping power.
Wad Cutter: Creates clean holes for target shooting.

Ammunition Types

Centerfire Ammunition: Used in rifles, shotguns, and handguns with primer at the center; typically reloadable.
Rimfire Ammunition: Primer is at the rim; limited to low-pressure loads and non-reloadable.

Shotgun Shells

Slug: Solid lead projectile used for hunting larger game.
Shot: Multiple pellets fired from a shotgun, adjustable shot sizes for different hunting applications.

Gauge

Refers to a shotgun's bore diameter, determined by the number of lead balls, matching the bore diameter, that total one pound.

Firearm Action Types

Single Action: Requires manual cocking of the hammer before each shot.
Double Action: Pulling the trigger both cocks and releases the hammer.

Safety Limitations

Firearm safeties are backup measures; safe handling habits are paramount as safeties can fail.

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Description

Test your knowledge on firearm actions and safety with these flashcards from the Hunter Ed course. Each card will help reinforce critical information about firearms, including types of actions and proper safety protocols. Perfect for preparing for your hunting education.