Questions and Answers
What are the two basic styles of firearm actions?
Single-shot and repeating
A firearm safety can be bumped from the safe position.
True
Which shotgun choke has the tightest shot pattern?
full
What is the best way to make sure you have proper ammunition for your firearm?
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What is the danger of placing a 20-gauge shell in a 12-gauge shotgun?
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When you know a firearm's effective killing range, what can you determine?
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Which factor has a significant impact on a firearm's maximum projectile range?
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What is the butt of a firearm?
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What is the stock of a gun?
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What is the purpose of a trigger guard?
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What is a trigger?
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What is the safety mechanism of a firearm?
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What is a case in terms of ammunition?
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What is a primer in ammunition?
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What is gunpowder?
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What is a projectile?
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What is a wad in shotgun ammunition?
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What are common types of rifle bullets?
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What is roundnose lead?
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What is a full metal jacket bullet?
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What is a semi-wad cutter?
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What is a hollowpoint bullet designed for?
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What is a wad cutter used for?
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What is centerfire ammunition?
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What is rimfire ammunition?
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What are shotgun shells (shotshells)?
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What does gauge refer to in shotguns?
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What is single action in firearms?
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What is double action in firearms?
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Safeties can fail.
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Study Notes
Firearm Actions
- Basic styles of firearm actions: Single-shot and Repeating.
Firearm Safety
- Firearm safety can be accidentally disengaged from the safe position.
Shotgun Chokes
- The full choke provides the tightest shot pattern among shotgun choke types.
Ammunition Compatibility
- Always match the firearm's barrel information with the cartridge's details to ensure proper ammunition use.
Dangerous Misfires
- Inserting a 20-gauge shell into a 12-gauge shotgun can lead to serious injuries due to potential blockage in the barrel.
Effective Killing Range
- Knowing a firearm's effective killing range determines when a shot can ensure a clean kill.
Maximum Projectile Range Factors
- Altitude significantly impacts a firearm's maximum projectile range.
Firearm Components
- Butt: Part of the stock held against the shoulder when shooting.
- Stock: The part of a gun held against the shooter's body for stability.
- Trigger Guard: Surrounds the trigger to prevent accidental activation.
- Trigger: A small lever squeezed to initiate firing.
Safety Mechanisms
- Safety: Mechanical device blocking the trigger or hammer to prevent accidental firings.
Ammunition Components
- Case: Container for various ammunition components, typically made of brass, steel, or plastic.
- Primer: An explosive compound igniting the gunpowder when struck; located in either the rim or center of the case.
- Gunpowder: Burns rapidly, producing gas when ignited; modern smokeless powder is more stable compared to black powder.
- Projectile: The expelled object when fired, which can be bullets for rifles or shot for shotguns.
- Wad: Paper or plastic container separating powder from shot in shotgun shells.
Types of Rifle Bullets
- Pointed Soft Point: High velocity and accuracy, excellent for mushrooming.
- Rounded Soft Point: Suitable for low-velocity calibers, ideal for tubular magazines.
- Protected Tip: Highly accurate with excellent expansion capabilities.
- Full Metal Jacket: Maximizes penetration without expansion; often illegal for big game hunting.
- Roundnose Lead: Good penetration with minimal expansion.
- Semi-Wad Cutter: Balances penetration and expansion.
- Hollowpoint: High expansion on impact for effective stopping power.
- Wad Cutter: Creates clean holes for target shooting.
Ammunition Types
- Centerfire Ammunition: Used in rifles, shotguns, and handguns with primer at the center; typically reloadable.
- Rimfire Ammunition: Primer is at the rim; limited to low-pressure loads and non-reloadable.
Shotgun Shells
- Slug: Solid lead projectile used for hunting larger game.
- Shot: Multiple pellets fired from a shotgun, adjustable shot sizes for different hunting applications.
Gauge
- Refers to a shotgun's bore diameter, determined by the number of lead balls, matching the bore diameter, that total one pound.
Firearm Action Types
- Single Action: Requires manual cocking of the hammer before each shot.
- Double Action: Pulling the trigger both cocks and releases the hammer.
Safety Limitations
- Firearm safeties are backup measures; safe handling habits are paramount as safeties can fail.
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Description
Test your knowledge on firearm actions and safety with these flashcards from the Hunter Ed course. Each card will help reinforce critical information about firearms, including types of actions and proper safety protocols. Perfect for preparing for your hunting education.