Hungarian History and National Identity

Study Notes

Highlights Hungary’s history, celebrating its founding by King Saint Stephen 1000 years ago.
Celebrates ancestors who fought for Hungary’s freedom and independence, and the country’s role in European history by defending it and enriching its values.
Acknowledges Christianity’s role in Hungary’s history, ensuring its future and preservation through cultural heritage and languages.
Highlights the country’s responsibility for the descendants, protecting resources for future generations.
Criticizes the 1949 Communist constitution as tyrannical.
Dates Hungary's restoration of self-determination back to May 2nd, 1990, marking the beginning of a new democratic order.
The Fundamental Law is recognized as the basis of its legal order, an alliance between Hungarians of the past, present, and future.

Hungary is defined as an independent, democratic rule-of-law state, a republic where the people hold public power, exercised through a division of powers.
No one is allowed to acquire or exercise power by force, and everyone has the right and obligation to lawfully resist such attempts.
The State has the right to use force for legitimate defense.
Hungary bears responsibility for Hungarians living abroad, supporting their communities, cultural identities, and prosperity in their native lands.
Hungary is committed to European unity, contributing to its liberty, well-being, and security.
Hungary can exercise some of its competences jointly with other Member States, through the institutions of the European Union, based on international treaties.
The law of the European Union can lay down generally binding rules of conduct within the framework established by Article E paragraph 2.
The capital of Hungary is Budapest.

Nespresso is a brand owned by Nestlé
The product proposition is a combination of a coffee machine and aluminum pods
Nespresso's value proposition is consistent, high-quality espresso at home, accessible with a small machine and single-serve pods
Nespresso's success story is a demonstration of how a technological innovation can be transformed into a successful business
Nespresso was close to bankruptcy before a strategic shift to premium branding and affluent customers
Nespresso's target customer segment is affluent, quality-conscious coffee drinkers
They implemented a direct-to-consumer model, using distribution channels like retail, Nespresso clubs, mail order, call centers, and Nespresso.com
Nespresso's strategy resulted in a significant increase in sales of machines and pods

Value proposition: Nespresso offers high quality, consistent espresso at home, with a small machine and single-serve pods.
Customer Segments: The target customer segment is affluent, quality-conscious coffee drinkers, including households and businesses.
Channels: Nespresso utilizes multiple distribution channels including retail, Nespresso clubs, mail order, call centers, and Nespresso.com.
Revenue Streams: Nespresso creates revenue from selling coffee machines and consistent sales of pods for its machines.