Ribs and vertebra
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following describes the shape of the thoracic spine body?

  • Square
  • Heart-shaped (correct)
  • Circular
  • Triangular

What is a characteristic of lumbar vertebrae compared to thoracic vertebrae?

  • They have two costal facets
  • They are larger due to body weight support (correct)
  • They have smaller bodies
  • They have more prominent spinous processes

Which of the following features is true about the sacrum?

  • It is concave posteriorly
  • It exclusively articulates with the lumbar spine
  • It is composed of five fused vertebrae (correct)
  • It consists of three fused vertebrae

Which structure represents the fusion of five sacral vertebrae?

<p>Sacrum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the sacral promontory refer to?

<p>superior Anterior border of the sacrum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition called when there is congenital fusion of the lowest lumbar vertebra to the sacrum?

<p>Sacralization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following corresponds to the landmark of the inferior angle of the scapula?

<p>Thoracic 7 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can result from an incomplete development of the spine and lamina?

<p>Spina bifida (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which spinal vertebrae type's transverse processes become shorter and stronger on the 5th vertebra?

<p>Lumbar (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many fused vertebrae comprise the coccyx?

<p>3-5 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the thoracic spine's costal facet?

<p>To allow rib articulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the lumbar spine?

<p>Transverse processes increase in size from above downward. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical feature separates the sacrum from the coccyx?

<p>The shaped angle of the coccyx (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The sacral crest is formed by the fusion of which structures?

<p>Spinous processes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is primarily responsible for the articulation with the ilium?

<p>Ala of the sacrum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition might result from the incomplete development of the spine and lamina?

<p>Spina bifida (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many sacral vertebrae are fused to form the sacrum?

<p>5 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines the upper surface of the sacrum?

<p>Sacral promontory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which landmark corresponds to the fifth cervical vertebra?

<p>Thyroid cartilage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the coccyx in terms of its structure and function?

<p>Consists of three to five fused vertebrae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Thoracic Spine Body Shape

Heart-shaped and has a larger vertebral foramen compared to other spine sections.

Thoracic Spine Costal Facets

Articulate with the rib heads for connection and support.

Lumbar Spine Body Size

Largest vertebra body, adapting to carry the most body weight.

Lumbar Spine Transverse Processes

Increase in size from top to bottom, with the 5th being shorter and stronger.

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Sacrum Structure

Five fused vertebrae forming a triangular shape, concave anteriorly.

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Sacral Ala

Lateral part of the first sacral vertebra which articulates with the ilium to form the sacroiliac joint.

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Sacral Foramina

Openings in the sacrum allowing nerves and blood vessels to pass through.

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Sacral Promontory

Superior-anterior border of the sacrum, marking its top front edge.

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Sacralization

Congenital fusion of lowest lumbar vertebra to the sacrum.

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Coccyx Structure

Small tailbone of 3-5 fused vertebrae, articulating with the sacrum at an acute angle.

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Thoracic Spine Vertebral Foramen

The opening in the center of the thoracic vertebrae, which is larger than in other vertebrae, allowing for the spinal cord to pass through.

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Costal Facet Location

The costal facet on the thoracic vertebra's transverse process articulates with the tubercle of a rib, providing stability and movement.

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Sacral Ala Function

The ala of the sacrum, located on the side of the first sacral vertebra, forms the sacroiliac joint with the ilium, providing stability to the pelvis.

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Sacral Foramina Role

Openings in the sacrum called sacral foramina allow nerves and blood vessels to pass through, supplying the lower limbs and pelvic regions.

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Sacral Promontory Landmark

The superior-anterior border of the sacrum, called the sacral promontory, is an important landmark for anatomical reference.

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Sacralization - Fusion

Sacralization occurs when the lowest lumbar vertebra fuses with the sacrum, either partially or completely.

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Spina Bifida - Incomplete Development

Spina bifida is a birth defect where the spine and lamina don't develop completely, leading to the absence of the posterior wall of the vertebral canal.

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Study Notes

Thoracic Spine

  • Thoracic spine body is bigger and heart-shaped compared to other spine types
  • Vertebral foramen is larger
  • Lamina, pedicle, spinous process, transverse process, superior articular facet, inferior articular facet, superior costal facet, inferior costal facet and transverse costal facet are all parts of the thoracic spine
  • The costal facet articulates with the head of a rib, located on the transverse process for articulation with the tubercle of a rib

Lumbar Spine

  • Lumbar spine body is bigger than the thoracic spine because it carries the most body weight
  • Transverse processes increase in size from top to bottom
  • 5th transverse process is shorter, stronger and pyramidal
  • Spinous processes are square and horizontal
  • Spinal cord ends at the lower border of the first lumbar vertebra

Sacrum

  • 5 fused vertebrae forming a triangular shape
  • Concave anteriorly
  • Forms the sacroiliac joint with the ilium

Coccyx

  • 4 (3-5) fused vertebrae
  • Different shape and size
  • Articulates at an acute angle with the sacrum

Vertebral Levels

  • Provides a guide for locating specific vertebrae relative to external anatomical landmarks.
  • Includes landmarks such as the mastoid process, thyroid cartilage, vertebral prominence, suprasternal notch, sternal angle, inferior angle of the scapula, xyphoid process, inferior costal margin, iliac crest, anterior superior iliac spine, greater trochanter, and symphysis pubic.
  • Corresponding vertebral levels are given for each landmark. Information on approximate location in the vertebral column.

Congenital Fusion

  • Congenital fusion of the lowest lumbar vertebra to the top of the sacrum is called sacralization.
  • Incomplete development of the spine and lamina can result in absence of the posterior wall, which is called Spina bifida.

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5th Lecture Ribs and Vertebrae PDF

Description

Test your knowledge of the thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal regions of the human spine. This quiz covers the structure, function, and characteristics of different spinal sections, providing a comprehensive assessment of your understanding of spinal anatomy.

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