Questions and Answers
What is the largest organ and system in the body?
Skin prevents _______ to internal organs.
injury
Skin also prevents the loss of too much ______, which is essential to life.
water
The skin is also a ______ organ that feels heat, cold, pain, touch, and pressure.
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Blood vessels _________ or widen, when the outside temperature is too high.
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Blood vessels __________ or narrow, when the outside temperature is too cold.
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Is thinning skin a normal sign of aging?
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Are bruises considered a sign of a condition or normal?
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The body is shaped by _______.
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The human body has _______ bones.
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Bones _______ the body's organs.
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Muscles allow ___________.
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Range of motion exercises help______.
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Atrophy occurs when the muscle _________.
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Falls can be prevented by ______.
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Is bruising on skin a normal sign?
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Is the loss of muscle tone a normal sign?
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Arthritis is a general term referring to _________ of the joints.
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What happens with an autoimmune illness?
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Osteoarthritis is common in _______.
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If an NA sees NWB on a resident's care plan, the resident ________.
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Which side should residents recovering from hip replacements dress first?
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Fractures are broken bones and are often caused by ______.
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What kind of pillow immobilizes and positions the hips and lower extremities after a hip replacement?
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Which of the following statements is true of a knee replacement?
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The nervous system ______.
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The two main parts of the nervous system are ______.
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Normal or ______: inability to move one side of the body.
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Is depression a normal sign?
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Is fatigue with movement a normal sign?
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Is shaking a normal sign?
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Is decreased sense of heat and cold a normal sign?
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The NA should help residents change positions at least ______.
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The circulatory system is made up of ______.
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The blood carries ______.
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The circulatory system removes _______.
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Is chest pain a normal sign?
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What are three possible causes of hypertension?
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Study Notes
Skin and Its Functions
- The skin is the largest organ in the human body.
- Functions include preventing injury to internal organs and reducing water loss, essential for life.
- It serves as a sense organ, detecting heat, cold, pain, touch, and pressure.
- Blood vessels in the skin dilate in high temperatures and constrict in low temperatures.
Signs of Skin Conditions
- Thinning skin, wrinkles, brown spots, and thinning of fatty tissue are considered normal with aging.
- Bruises, cuts, flaking skin, reddened skin, and swollen skin are signs of potential issues.
- Gray hair is normal, while an orange-peel appearance to the skin indicates a sign that requires attention.
Musculoskeletal System
- The human body contains 206 bones, which protect organs.
- Muscles facilitate movement. Range of motion exercises help prevent immobility-related problems.
- Muscle atrophy occurs when muscles weaken and decrease in size.
- Clear pathways and accessible mobility aids can prevent falls.
Age-Related Changes
- Weakness, loss of muscle tone, and decreased bone density are often normal during aging.
- Increased brittleness of bones can occur, along with signs such as aches, pains, loss of height, and slower body movement.
- Signs such as pain during movement, swelling of joints, and changes in joint appearance require assessment.
Nervous System Overview
- The nervous system coordinates body functions and is divided into the central and peripheral nervous systems.
- Signs of neurological issues include inability to move one side of the body, depression, fatigue with movement, and slurred speech.
- Decreased sensitivity to temperature and confusion are common with age-related changes and address safety concerns.
Stroke and Communication
- Residents with stroke may require physical therapy and support in communication.
- Establishing a routine provides security for residents experiencing confusion or memory loss.
- Using yes or no questions can aid communication; gestures may also enhance understanding.
Conditions Impacting Movement
- Parkinson's disease leads to brain degeneration, causing symptoms like shuffling gait and mask-like facial expressions.
- Multiple sclerosis damages nerve coverings, hindering message transmission, and causing symptoms such as blurred vision and trouble walking.
- Stress can exacerbate MS symptoms, so providing calm support is crucial.
Spinal Cord Injuries
- The impact of spinal cord injuries varies by location and severity.
- Paraplegia results in loss of function in the lower body. Emotional and physical support is essential for recovery.
- Residents with spinal injuries may have reduced sensation and are at risk for burns.
Circulatory System Functions
- Comprised of the heart, blood, and blood vessels, the circulatory system is essential for transporting oxygen, nutrients, and waste.
- Signs of circulatory issues include severe headaches, chest pain, swelling in extremities, pale or bluish skin, and shortness of breath.
Hypertension Risk Factors
- Potential causes of hypertension include kidney disease, adrenal gland tumors, and pregnancy.
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Description
Explore the essential functions of the skin and its role as a sense organ. Understand normal signs of aging, skin conditions, and the importance of the musculoskeletal system, including bones and muscles. This quiz will help you identify key aspects of human anatomy and health.
