Human Skeleton Anatomy Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which bone is NOT part of the upper extremity?

  • Fibula (correct)
  • Humerus
  • Radius
  • Ulna

What are the components of the pelvic girdle?

  • Femur and tibia
  • Patella and tarsal bones
  • Clavicle and scapula
  • Two os coxae and sacrum (correct)

Which set of bones does NOT belong to the lower extremity?

  • Patella
  • Phalanges
  • Metatarsals
  • Carpals (correct)

Which bone is correctly matched to its location?

<p>Scapula - shoulder (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bones form the wrist?

<p>Carpals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes true ribs from false ribs?

<p>True ribs attach directly to the sternum, while false ribs do not. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pair of vertebrae are fused together in the vertebral column?

<p>Sacral and coccygeal vertebrae (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many total bones compose the pectoral girdle?

<p>4 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bones are classified as floating ribs?

<p>Ribs 11-12 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total number of bones found in the axial skeleton?

<p>80 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscles would be primarily supported by the bones of the pelvic girdle?

<p>Lower extremity muscles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bones is NOT found in the human skull?

<p>Patella (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main components of the upper extremity bones?

<p>Humerus, radius, ulna (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Axial Skeleton

  • Consists of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage

Appendicular Skeleton

  • Consists of the bones of the limbs and their girdles
  • Upper extremity bones:
    • Humerus (upper arm)
    • Radius and Ulna (forearm)
    • Carpals (wrist)
    • Metacarpals (hand)
    • Phalanges (fingers)
  • Lower extremity bones:
    • Femur (thigh)
    • Tibia (shin, lower leg)
    • Fibula (thin lateral bone, lower leg)
    • Patella (kneecap)
    • Tarsals (ankle)
    • Metatarsals (foot)
    • Phalanges (toes)
  • Bony Girdles
    • Pectoral Girdle:
      • Clavicle (collarbone)
      • Scapula (shoulder blade)
    • Pelvic Girdle:
      • Two os coxae (hip) bones attached to the sacrum
      • Femur (thigh bone) attached to the pelvic girdle

The Human Skeleton

  • The adult human skeleton is composed of about 206 bones.
  • The skeleton is divided into two main regions: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton.

Axial Skeleton

  • The axial skeleton consists of 80 bones that form the body's central axis.
  • It supports and protects the organs of the head, neck, and trunk.
  • The Skull:
    • Composed of cranial bones (frontal, occipital, temporal, parietal, sphenoid, and ethmoid) and facial bones.
    • Cranial bones form the protective structure around the brain.
    • Facial bones form the bony parts of the nose, orbital cavity, cheeks, and jaws.
  • The Rib Cage:
    • Composed of 12 pairs of ribs, sternum (breastbone), and costal cartilages.
    • Ribs are attached to the sternum anteriorly and thoracic vertebrae posteriorly.
    • True ribs (1-7) are directly attached to the sternum.
    • False ribs (8-12) are not directly attached to the sternum.
    • Ribs 8-10 are attached to the 7th costal cartilage, while ribs 11 and 12 have free anterior ends and are called floating ribs.
  • The Vertebral Column (Backbone):
    • Composed of 26 vertebrae separated by intervertebral discs.
    • Divided into 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 fused sacral, and 4 fused coccygeal vertebrae.

Appendicular Skeleton

  • Composed of the bones of the upper and lower extremities and the bony girdles.

Upper Extremities

  • Humerus: Upper arm bone
  • Radius and Ulna: Forearm bones
  • Carpal Bones: Form the wrist
  • Metacarpals: Hand bones
  • Phalanges: Fingers

Lower Extremities

  • Femur: Thigh bone
  • Tibia and Fibula: Lower leg bones
  • Patella: Knee cap
  • Tarsal Bones: Ankle
  • Metatarsals: Foot bones
  • Phalanges: Toes

Bony Girdles

  • Pectoral (Chest) Girdle:
    • Clavicle (collar bone) and scapula (shoulder blade)
  • Pelvic Girdle:
    • Two os coxae (hip bones) attached to the sacrum.
    • Femur attaches to the pelvic girdle.

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