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Questions and Answers
Which bone is NOT part of the upper extremity?
What are the components of the pelvic girdle?
Which set of bones does NOT belong to the lower extremity?
Which bone is correctly matched to its location?
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What type of bones form the wrist?
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What distinguishes true ribs from false ribs?
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Which pair of vertebrae are fused together in the vertebral column?
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How many total bones compose the pectoral girdle?
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Which bones are classified as floating ribs?
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What is the total number of bones found in the axial skeleton?
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Which muscles would be primarily supported by the bones of the pelvic girdle?
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Which of the following bones is NOT found in the human skull?
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What are the three main components of the upper extremity bones?
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Study Notes
Axial Skeleton
- Consists of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage
Appendicular Skeleton
- Consists of the bones of the limbs and their girdles
- Upper extremity bones:
- Humerus (upper arm)
- Radius and Ulna (forearm)
- Carpals (wrist)
- Metacarpals (hand)
- Phalanges (fingers)
- Lower extremity bones:
- Femur (thigh)
- Tibia (shin, lower leg)
- Fibula (thin lateral bone, lower leg)
- Patella (kneecap)
- Tarsals (ankle)
- Metatarsals (foot)
- Phalanges (toes)
- Bony Girdles
- Pectoral Girdle:
- Clavicle (collarbone)
- Scapula (shoulder blade)
- Pelvic Girdle:
- Two os coxae (hip) bones attached to the sacrum
- Femur (thigh bone) attached to the pelvic girdle
- Pectoral Girdle:
The Human Skeleton
- The adult human skeleton is composed of about 206 bones.
- The skeleton is divided into two main regions: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton.
Axial Skeleton
- The axial skeleton consists of 80 bones that form the body's central axis.
- It supports and protects the organs of the head, neck, and trunk.
-
The Skull:
- Composed of cranial bones (frontal, occipital, temporal, parietal, sphenoid, and ethmoid) and facial bones.
- Cranial bones form the protective structure around the brain.
- Facial bones form the bony parts of the nose, orbital cavity, cheeks, and jaws.
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The Rib Cage:
- Composed of 12 pairs of ribs, sternum (breastbone), and costal cartilages.
- Ribs are attached to the sternum anteriorly and thoracic vertebrae posteriorly.
- True ribs (1-7) are directly attached to the sternum.
- False ribs (8-12) are not directly attached to the sternum.
- Ribs 8-10 are attached to the 7th costal cartilage, while ribs 11 and 12 have free anterior ends and are called floating ribs.
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The Vertebral Column (Backbone):
- Composed of 26 vertebrae separated by intervertebral discs.
- Divided into 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 fused sacral, and 4 fused coccygeal vertebrae.
Appendicular Skeleton
- Composed of the bones of the upper and lower extremities and the bony girdles.
Upper Extremities
- Humerus: Upper arm bone
- Radius and Ulna: Forearm bones
- Carpal Bones: Form the wrist
- Metacarpals: Hand bones
- Phalanges: Fingers
Lower Extremities
- Femur: Thigh bone
- Tibia and Fibula: Lower leg bones
- Patella: Knee cap
- Tarsal Bones: Ankle
- Metatarsals: Foot bones
- Phalanges: Toes
Bony Girdles
-
Pectoral (Chest) Girdle:
- Clavicle (collar bone) and scapula (shoulder blade)
-
Pelvic Girdle:
- Two os coxae (hip bones) attached to the sacrum.
- Femur attaches to the pelvic girdle.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the axial and appendicular skeleton. This quiz covers the bones of the skull, vertebral column, rib cage, and limbs, including details on major bones and girdles. Perfect for students learning human anatomy!
