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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of the skeletal system?
What is the main function of the skeletal system?
- To aid in the digestion of food
- To regulate body temperature
- To produce hormones
- To provide support and protection for the body (correct)
Which type of bone is characterized by a shaft and two ends?
Which type of bone is characterized by a shaft and two ends?
- Long bone (correct)
- Irregular bone
- Short bone
- Flat bone
What is the term for the process of bone formation?
What is the term for the process of bone formation?
- Osteogenesis
- Bone growth
- Ossification (correct)
- Bone modeling
What is the term for the process of bone breakdown and removal?
What is the term for the process of bone breakdown and removal?
Which type of bone tissue makes up the outer layer of bones?
Which type of bone tissue makes up the outer layer of bones?
What is the term for the cells responsible for bone formation?
What is the term for the cells responsible for bone formation?
What is the function of the scapula in the upper limb?
What is the function of the scapula in the upper limb?
Which bone is the longest in the body?
Which bone is the longest in the body?
What is the purpose of the patella in the lower limb?
What is the purpose of the patella in the lower limb?
What is the term for the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body?
What is the term for the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body?
Which muscles attach to the scapula, humerus, radius, and ulna?
Which muscles attach to the scapula, humerus, radius, and ulna?
What is the gait cycle?
What is the gait cycle?
Which bones form the forearm?
Which bones form the forearm?
What is the function of the pelvis?
What is the function of the pelvis?
Which bones form the ankle joint?
Which bones form the ankle joint?
What is the term for the movement of a limb in a circular motion?
What is the term for the movement of a limb in a circular motion?
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Study Notes
Functions of the Skeletal System
- Provides support and protection for the body
- Allows for movement through the attachment of muscles
- Produces blood cells through the bone marrow
- Stores minerals such as calcium and phosphorus
- Maintains pH balance by storing and releasing alkaline salts
Types of Bones
- Long bones: characterized by a shaft (diaphysis) and two ends (epiphyses); examples include the femur and humerus
- Short bones: cube-shaped bones that provide support and stability; examples include the carpals and tarsals
- Flat bones: thin bones that provide protection and support; examples include the ribs and sternum
- Irregular bones: bones that do not fit into any other category; examples include the vertebrae and pelvis
- Sesamoid bones: small bones embedded within tendons; examples include the patella
Bone Structure
- Compact bone: dense, compact bone tissue that makes up the outer layer of bones
- Cancellous bone: spongy, porous bone tissue that makes up the inner layer of bones
- Bone marrow: the spongy tissue that fills the cavities of bones and produces blood cells
- Periosteum: the outermost layer of bone that covers the surface of bones
- Endosteum: the innermost layer of bone that lines the bone marrow cavity
Bone Development and Growth
- Ossification: the process of bone formation
- Endochondral ossification: the process of bone formation through the replacement of cartilage with bone tissue
- Intramembranous ossification: the process of bone formation through the formation of bone tissue from membranes
Bone Remodeling
- Resorption: the process of bone breakdown and removal
- Formation: the process of new bone tissue formation
- Osteoclasts: cells responsible for bone resorption
- Osteoblasts: cells responsible for bone formation
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