Human Skeletal System Overview

Overview of the Human Skeletal System

• The human skeletal system is a complex system of 206 bones that make up the framework of the human body.
• It provides support, protection, and movement for the body.

Functions of the Skeletal System

• Support: Provides a framework for the body's muscles, organs, and tissues.
• Protection: Protects internal organs, such as the brain, heart, and lungs.
• Movement: Acts as a system of levers and joints to facilitate movement.
• Blood cell production: Bones are responsible for producing blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
• Storage of minerals: Bones act as a storage site for minerals such as calcium and phosphorus.

Types of Bones

• Long bones: Characterized by their length, these bones include the femur (thigh bone), humerus (upper arm bone), and tibia and fibula (lower leg bones).
• Short bones: Cube-shaped bones that provide support and stability, such as the carpals (wrist bones) and tarsals (ankle bones).
• Flat bones: Thin bones that provide protection and support, such as the ribs and sternum (breastbone).
• Irregular bones: Bones that do not fit into any of the above categories, such as the vertebrae and pelvis.

Axial Skeleton

• Cranium: The bony structure that protects the brain.
• Vertebral column: The series of bones that make up the spine.
• Sternum: The breastbone that connects the ribs.
• Ribs: The bones that form the ribcage and protect the organs in the chest cavity.

Appendicular Skeleton

• Upper limb: The bones of the arm, including the scapula (shoulder blade), humerus (upper arm bone), radius and ulna (forearm bones), and carpals (wrist bones).
• Pelvis: The bony structure that forms the base of the spine and connects the upper and lower limbs.
• Lower limb: The bones of the leg, including the femur (thigh bone), patella (kneecap), tibia and fibula (lower leg bones), and tarsals (ankle bones).

Joints and Ligaments

• Joints: The connections between bones that allow for movement.
• Ligaments: The fibrous connective tissue that connects bones to each other and provides stability to joints.

Overview of the Human Skeletal System

• The human skeletal system consists of 206 bones that form the framework of the human body, providing support, protection, and movement.

Functions of the Skeletal System

• Provides a framework for muscles, organs, and tissues.
• Protects internal organs, such as the brain, heart, and lungs.
• Acts as a system of levers and joints to facilitate movement.
• Produces blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
• Serves as a storage site for minerals such as calcium and phosphorus.

Types of Bones

• Long bones are characterized by their length, including the femur, humerus, tibia, and fibula.
• Short bones are cube-shaped and provide support and stability, such as the carpals and tarsals.
• Flat bones are thin and provide protection and support, such as the ribs and sternum.
• Irregular bones do not fit into any of the above categories, including the vertebrae and pelvis.

Axial Skeleton

• The cranium is the bony structure that protects the brain.
• The vertebral column is the series of bones that make up the spine.
• The sternum is the breastbone that connects the ribs.
• The ribs form the ribcage and protect the organs in the chest cavity.

Appendicular Skeleton

• The upper limb consists of the scapula, humerus, radius, ulna, and carpals.
• The pelvis is the bony structure that forms the base of the spine and connects the upper and lower limbs.
• The lower limb consists of the femur, patella, tibia, fibula, and tarsals.

Joints and Ligaments

• Joints are the connections between bones that allow for movement.
• Ligaments are the fibrous connective tissue that connects bones to each other and provides stability to joints.