Human Sexuality and Erogenous Zones

Study Notes

Sex is a natural human function, serving both psychological and spiritual needs.
Human reproduction cells are called gonads, which are composed of the testes (male) and ovaries (female).
The testes produce spermatozoa (sperm) and ovaries produce ova (egg cells).
Spermatozoa and ova each contain 23 chromosomes.
Females have 23 pairs of X chromosomes (XX).
Males have 22 pairs of X chromosomes and one Y chromosome (XY).
Life begins when a sperm penetrates a ripe egg cell in the fallopian tube.
The fallopian tube carries ripe egg cells from the ovary to the uterus during ovulation.
Ovulation is when a ripe egg cell is expelled from the ovary into the fallopian tube during the menstrual cycle.

Masturbation is a common practice, but attitudes toward it remain negative.
Experts consider masturbation a healthy, legitimate, and harmless sexual activity.
Heterosexual behavior includes attraction and acts between opposite sexes, such as kissing, petting, necking, massaging, and other forms of sexual play.
Premarital sex, particularly for women, was traditionally taboo, but younger generations are more accepting of permissive relationships with affection.
Married couples commonly measure marital happiness by the frequency of sexual activity.
Sexual activity frequency decreases with age and marriage length.
Extramarital affairs are common but not an absolute reality.
Homosexuality and bisexuality are biological orientations.
Transsexuals believe they were born with the body of the opposite gender, and often undergo sex change.
Transgenderism encompasses a broader spectrum, including transsexuals and individuals identifying as a third gender.
Transvestites wear clothes of the opposite gender or believe traditional male-female classifications do not accurately reflect themselves.
Asexuals lack sexual attraction to both men and women, experiencing little to no attraction.
Androgyny refers to possessing both masculine and feminine traits.

Chlamydia often shows no symptoms in women but causes burning sensation and discharge in men. It can be treated with antibiotics.
Genital herpes causes small blisters or sores around the genitals that cause pain when they break open. They typically heal after a few weeks but can reoccur 3-4 times a year. While it cannot be remedied, it causes psychological distress and can be transmitted to a partner.
Gonorrhea has no external symptoms but can cause burning sensation during urination and discharge in both genders. It can lead to infertility in men and pelvic inflammation in women. Antibiotics can cure this infection, but not completely.
Syphilis shows itself first as a small wound at the point of sexual contact, followed by rashes. This infection can affect the brain, heart, and fetus. If diagnosed early, it can be cured by antibiotics.
HIV/AIDS is the most severe impact on sexual behavior and society. It is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and can be spread through intravenous drug use and sexual activity.

Natural Methods
- Calendar method: Using a calendar to track ovulation period and menstrual cycle.
- Cervical mucus method: Analyzing vaginal discharge to identify fertile periods.
- Basal body temperature method: Using a thermometer to track body temperature changes, which indicate ovulation.
- Abstinence: Avoiding sexual contact to prevent pregnancy.
- Douche: Washing the vagina with a medical solution after sexual intercourse.
- Withdrawal: Withdrawing the penis before ejaculation.
Artificial Methods
- Pill: Oral contraceptives containing hormones estrogen and progesterone to control ovulation and cervical mucus.
- Implants: Hormone-releasing rods or tubes inserted surgically to suppress ovulation and thicken cervical mucus.
- Surgical method/Sterilization: Procedures like tubal ligation or vasectomy that permanently prevent sperm and egg cell from meeting.
- Male condom: A sheath worn over the penis to prevent sperm from entering the vagina.
- Cervical cap: A rubber device that fits over the cervix to prevent sperm from entering the vagina.