Human Respiration and Energy Production

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the lungs in terms of gas exchange?

  • Producing voice
  • Regulating the body's fluid balance
  • Maintaining the body's heat
  • Exchanging O2 and CO2 between the blood and air (correct)

What percentage of the air we breathe in is composed of oxygen?

  • 16%
  • 80%
  • 40%
  • 20% (correct)

How much air do we breathe in per minute?

  • 6 liters (correct)
  • 12 liters
  • 1 liter
  • 10 liters

What is the approximate volume of oxygen absorbed by the lungs daily?

<p>0.5 kg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the trachea also known as?

<p>The wind pipe (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At rest, how many times do women breathe per minute?

<p>20 times (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary way O2 is carried to cells in the body?

<p>Chemical combination with Hb in RBCs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors affect the dissociation of O2 from Hb?

<p>PO2 of the tissue, PCO2, pH, and temperature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why can working muscles obtain more O2 during heavy exercise?

<p>Because PO2 in the working muscle decreases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do CO molecules interact with Hb?

<p>They attach securely and don't easily dissociate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate normal tidal volume for a healthy, 70-kg adult?

<p>500 mL per breath (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What instrument is used to measure lung volume?

<p>Spirometer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total lung capacity determined by?

<p>The strength of contraction of inspiratory muscles and the inward elastic recoil of the lungs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the vital capacity of a normal healthy 70-kg adult?

<p>4.5 L (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes the negative pressure in the alveoli during normal breathing?

<p>Muscle contractions that increase the volume of the lung (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the transmural pressure gradient defined by?

<p>The difference in pressure between the atmospheric air and the pressure in the alveoli (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the intrapleural pressure caused by?

<p>The mechanical interaction between the lung and chest wall (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for total lung capacity?

<p>TLC = IRV + TV + ERV + RV (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of energy for the human body?

<p>Food (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate amount of CO2 disposed of via the lungs each day?

<p>0.5 kg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cardiovascular system in the body?

<p>Transporting fuel and oxygen to the cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the by-product of the body's energy production that is disposed of through the urine?

<p>Other by-products (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the lungs in the body?

<p>Supplying O2 and disposing of CO2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the interaction between the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems?

<p>The actions of one system often affect the other (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the work of inspiration represented by in Fig. 3?

<p>The area under the inspiration curve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What helps provide the stored energy during expiration?

<p>The lungs and chest wall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of airway resistance?

<p>cm H2o/liter/sec (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of airway resistance is related to the viscosity of the gas we breathe?

<p>20% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is analogous to the flow of air in the lungs?

<p>The flow of current in an electrical circuit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the largest percentage of airway resistance located?

<p>Nasal area (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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