Human Resource Management Overview

Study Notes

Staffing

The process of fulfilling all organizational job positions.

### Systems Approach to Staffing

A step-by-step method for filling job positions
Factors to consider in systems approach to staffing:
- Number and types of human resources needed
- Open managerial and non-managerial positions
- Potential successors for open positions

Human Resource Management (HRM)

The function involved in managing people
Evolved from "personnel administration" in the 1920s
In the 1970s, "personnel departments" shifted to "human resource departments"
Transitioned from "human resources" to "human capital" in the 2000s

Human Resource Department Functions

Career Development: Tracks an employee's career path and progression.
Performance Management: Regularly assesses employee performance as a basis for development.
Employee Relations: Promotes employee engagement and commitment.
Learning and Development: Provides training and development opportunities for employees.

Human Resource Management Processes

Organization Design: Determines the appropriate organization structure and form.
Workforce Planning: Identifies the right quantity and quality of people needed for the organization.
Recruitment, Selection, and Placement: Sourcing, identifying, selecting, and hiring qualified individuals.
Rewards and Recognition: Provides monetary compensation and other forms of recognition.

Recruitment

External Recruitment: Hiring applicants from outside the company.
Internal Recruitment: Filling vacant positions with existing employees through promotions or transfers.

Selection

The process of choosing individuals who meet the required qualifications.

Interview Types

Structured Interview: Interviewer uses a set of prepared questions for all applicants.
Unstructured Interview: Interviewer does not have a set guide and may ask questions freely.
One-on-One Interview: One interviewer conducts the interview.
Panel Interview: Multiple interviewers, or a panel, conduct the interview.

Employment Test Types

Intelligence Tests: Measure an applicant's mental capacity.
Proficiency and Aptitude Tests: Assess current skills and potential for learning new skills.
Personality Tests: Reveal an applicant's personal characteristics.
Vocational Tests: Help determine the best occupational fit for an applicant.

Job Design

Arranging the work tasks for an individual position.

Training and Development

Training: Organization-provided learning focused on short-term job performance improvement and skill development.
Development: Organization-provided learning that broadens an individual's skills and knowledge.
Training and development are critical for organizational success.

Learning Principles

Modeling: Demonstrating desired behaviors or methods for learning.
Feedback and Reinforcement: Learning through comments or feedback from trainees and through encouragement or rewards.
Massed vs. Distributed Learning: Massed learning involves fewer, longer training sessions, while distributed learning involves more frequent, shorter sessions.
Goal Setting: Explaining training goals and objectives to trainees.
Individual Differences: Adapting training programs to accommodate individual learning styles and needs.
Active Practice and Repetition: Providing opportunities to practice job tasks and reinforce skills.

Description

This quiz covers key concepts in Human Resource Management, including staffing processes and the systems approach to fulfilling organizational job positions. Explore the evolution of HRM and understand the various functions of HR departments, such as performance management and career development.