Human Resource Management Overview
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Human Resource Management Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is one of the primary roles of human resources in an organization?

  • Maximizing business profits through cost-cutting.
  • Innovating new product lines for the company.
  • Attracting and retaining qualified employees. (correct)
  • Overseeing marketing strategies for external branding.

    • Which aspect is NOT typically a responsibility of HR managers?

  • Providing training and performance evaluation.
  • Recruiting staff for vacant positions.
  • Developing company branding strategies. (correct)
  • Determining compensation and benefits.

    • What is a common recruitment technique used in modern HR practices?

  • Direct mail campaigns.
  • Job fairs in local communities.
  • Television advertisements.
  • Social media recruiting. (correct)

    • Which of the following is a method used to motivate employees?

    <p>Providing additional health benefits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What goal is emphasized in the employee compensation strategy?

    <p>Satisfying individual employee needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key consideration for employee separation from an organization?

    <p>Ensuring smooth transitions and knowledge transfer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following responsibilities does HR have concerning employee training?

    <p>Providing training and evaluating performance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When discussing recruitment, which of the following statements is true?

    <p>Creativity in searching for qualified employees is essential.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the Landrum-Griffin Act of 1959?

    <p>To promote honesty and democracy in unions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following issues is NOT typically addressed during the collective bargaining process?

    <p>Worker productivity evaluations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of collective bargaining, which of the following best describes 'seniority'?

    <p>A factor influencing job security during layoffs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'competitive tactics' refer to in the context of union and management relations?

    <p>Negotiation techniques to enhance bargaining power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following issues is typically included in negotiations between management and unions?

    <p>Union activities and responsibilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of an orientation program for newly-hired employees?

    <p>To inform about company policies and employee rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of training involves direct experience in the actual work environment?

    <p>On-the-Job Training</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a 360-degree performance review?

    <p>Feedback collected from various sources, including peers and subordinates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT influence compensation decisions?

    <p>Company popularity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is generally considered the difference between wages and salaries?

    <p>Wages are typically for non-professionals, while salaries are for professionals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should performance reviews be linked to for them to be effective?

    <p>Organizational goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of training focuses on developing managerial skills and competencies?

    <p>Management Development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT usually provided to employees as part of their compensation?

    <p>Networking opportunities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of turnover occurs when an employee resigns from their job to pursue another opportunity?

    <p>Voluntary turnover</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT part of the Goal-Setting Theory?

    <p>Employee satisfaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary benefit often offered to employees that relates to education?

    <p>Tuition reimbursement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes 'Management by Objective'?

    <p>It aligns individual goals with organizational goals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of involuntary turnover?

    <p>An employee is laid off due to downsizing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a benefit not required by law?

    <p>Profit-sharing plans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is recognized as enhancing motivation according to Goal-Setting Theory?

    <p>Specific and challenging goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential part of the exit interview process?

    <p>It provides insights for future hiring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does job enlargement primarily focus on in terms of job design?

    <p>Adding more variety and tasks to a job</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory suggests that employees seek and accept greater responsibility?

    <p>Theory Y</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of job enrichment?

    <p>To allow employees to make decisions and learn new skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do labor unions primarily help workers?

    <p>By banding together to pursue common goals in wages, hours, and conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant legislation did the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 initiate?

    <p>Legalized collective bargaining for workers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 limit?

    <p>Unions’ power by prohibiting certain unfair practices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the nation's full-time workforce belongs to labor unions?

    <p>11%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does William Ouchi's Theory Z emphasize?

    <p>Worker involvement as key to productivity and quality of work life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Human Resource Management

    • Human resource management is the process attracting, developing, and retaining employees to accomplish organizational goals.
    • HRM responsibilities include planning for staffing needs, recruiting and hiring, training and performance evaluation, compensation and benefits, and employee separation.

    Objectives of HR Managers

    • Providing qualified, well-trained employees.
    • Maximizing employee effectiveness within the organization.
    • Satisfying individual employee needs through compensation, benefits, advancement opportunities, and job satisfaction.

    Recruitment and Selection

    • Internet recruitment is quick, efficient, and inexpensive.
    • Companies search both internally and externally for qualified employees.

    Orientation, Training, and Evaluation

    • Newly hired employees are provided an orientation program, which includes company policies, employee rights, benefits, and programs.
    • On-the-job training, classroom/computer-based training, and management development are types of training programs.
    • Performance appraisals are utilized for feedback and to improve performance, and inform decisions about compensation, promotions, training, transfers, and termination.
    • 360-degree performance review is a type of performance appraisal practice.
    • Effective performance reviews are linked to organizational goals, use objective criteria, and take place as two-way conversations.

    Compensation

    • Compensation includes wages, salaries, and benefits.
    • Compensation decisions are based on competitor practices, government regulations, cost of living, company profits, and employee productivity.

    Employee Benefits

    • Employee benefits include vacation, retirement plans, profit-sharing, health insurance, gym memberships, child and elder care, and tuition reimbursement.
    • Social Security and Medicare are benefits required by law.

    Employee Separation

    • Voluntary turnover is when an employee resigns, often to accept another job offer.
    • Exit interviews can provide valuable information.
    • Involuntary turnover is when an employee is terminated due to poor performance, unethical behavior, downsizing, or outsourcing.
    • Downsizing is a cost-cutting measure when firms eliminate jobs.

    Goal-Setting Theory

    • Employees will be motivated if they accept specific, challenging goals and receive feedback on their progress toward goal achievement.
    • Components include goal specificity, difficulty, acceptance, and performance feedback.

    Management by Objective (MBO)

    • A goal-setting technique developed by Peter Drucker.
    • Allows managers to focus on attainable goals and achieve the best results based on organizational resources.
    • Aligns individual objectives with organizational goals, increasing overall organizational performance.
    • A collaborative process between managers and employees that outlines tasks, goals, and contributions.

    Job Design & Motivation

    • Job enlargement, job enrichment, and job rotation are ways to restructure jobs to increase motivation.
    • Job enlargement expands an employee’s responsibilities by increasing the number and variety of tasks assigned.
    • Job enrichment expands job duties, empowering employees to make decisions and learn new skills, leading to career growth.
    • Job rotation involves systematically moving employees from one job to another.

    Managers’ Attitudes & Motivation

    • Theory X assumes employees dislike work and must be coerced to perform.
    • Theory Y assumes that employees like work and will seek greater responsibilities.
    • William Ouchi’s Theory Z emphasizes worker involvement as key to increased productivity and improved employee quality of work life.

    Labor Management Relations

    • Labor Union: A group of workers who have banded together to achieve common goals regarding wages, hours, and working conditions.
    • Unions function at the local, national, and international levels.
    • Approximately 11% of the nation’s full-time workforce belongs to labor unions, including 1/3 government workers and 8% of private sector workers.

    Labor Legislation

    • National Labor Relations Act of 1935 (Wagner Act): Legalized collective bargaining and required employers to negotiate with elected employee representatives.
    • Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938: Established initial federal minimum wage and maximum workweek laws for interstate commerce workers, and outlawed child labor.
    • Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 (Labor-Management Relations Act): Limited unions’ power by prohibiting unfair practices like coercing employees to join unions or employers to discriminate against non-union members.
    • Landrum-Griffin Act of 1959 (Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act): Amended the Taft-Hartley Act to promote honesty and democracy in union internal affairs.

    Collective Bargaining

    • The negotiation process between management and union representatives on issues like wages, work hours, benefits, union activities, layoffs, employee rights, and seniority.

    Competitive tactics of unions and management

    • Tactics include strikes, picketing, boycotts, lockouts, and injunctions.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of Human Resource Management, including recruitment, training, and employee retention strategies. It aims to enhance understanding of HRM responsibilities and objectives critical for organizational success. Ideal for students and professionals seeking a refresher in HR principles.

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