Human Reproductive System

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What can amenorrhea be a symptom of, besides pregnancy?

Chronic illness (correct)

Uterine myomas

Endometriosis

All of the above

Why does dysmenorrhea rarely occur during the first year or two of menstruation?

Because ovulation has not yet begun (correct)

Because the menstrual cycles are usually ovulatory

Because the uterine muscles are not yet fully developed

Because the prostaglandins are not yet released

What percentage of adolescents experience some discomfort with menstruation?

60%

80% (correct)

90%

50%

What is the primary cause of pain in dysmenorrhea?

Release of prostaglandins Signup and view all the answers

What is endometriosis characterized by?

Abnormal formation of endometrial tissue Signup and view all the answers

What type of dysmenorrhea occurs in the absence of organic disease?

Primary dysmenorrhea Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which hormonal treatments, such as combined estrogen and progestin oral contraceptive pills, prevent pain in dysmenorrhea?

By preventing ovulation Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential adverse effect of long-term estrogen administration in the treatment of dysmenorrhea?

Early closure of epiphyseal lines of long bones Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom experienced by adolescents during menstruation, in addition to dysmenorrhea?

Mild diarrhea Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of advising girls to take NSAIDs with food when treating dysmenorrhea?

To reduce the risk of gastrointestinal irritation Signup and view all the answers

What is an alternative option for adolescents who prefer not to have a menstrual period every month?

Being prescribed long-acting oral contraceptives to have menstrual periods only every 3 months Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of dysmenorrhea?

Painful menstrual cramps Signup and view all the answers

What is a common indication of pregnancy in a healthy woman who has menstruated previously?

Amenorrhea Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the absence of a menstrual flow in a pregnant woman?

Suppression of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) by rising estrogen levels Signup and view all the answers

What is not a recommended method for STD prevention?

Natural membrane condom Signup and view all the answers

What is a long-term mutually monogamous relationship with an uninfected partner?

One of the most reliable ways to avoid STDs Signup and view all the answers

What can cause amenorrhea apart from pregnancy?

Menopause, anxiety, chronic illness, or undue stress Signup and view all the answers

What should you use every time you have anal, vaginal, or oral sex to prevent STDs?

Male latex condom Signup and view all the answers