Human Reproductive System Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the urinary bladder?

  • Transmits urine from the kidney
  • Stores urine (correct)
  • Filters waste from blood
  • Carries urine to the urethra

Which of the following correctly describes the male urethra?

  • Short and wide (correct)
  • Long and wide
  • Thin and lengthy
  • Short and narrow

What is the primary function of the testis in the male genital system?

  • Secretion of seminal fluid
  • Storage of sperms
  • Production of testosterone only
  • Formation of sperms and hormone secretion (correct)

What is the role of the epididymis in the male reproductive system?

<p>Storage and maturation of sperms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the male genital system is directly responsible for carrying sperm to the urethra?

<p>Vas deferens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the prostate gland?

<p>Secretes alkaline secretion to neutralize acidity in vagina (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does fertilization of an ovum by a spermatozoon occur?

<p>Fallopian tube (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the length of the uterine tubes (Fallopian tubes)?

<p>10 cm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gland produces a nutritive substance rich in protein, fructose, and vitamin C for sperm?

<p>Seminal vesicle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the bulbourethral gland?

<p>Secretes mucous to lubricate urethra (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ovaries in the female reproductive system?

<p>Secretion of female sex hormones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which structure is the urine stored in the body?

<p>Urinary bladder (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the pituitary gland?

<p>Control secretion of all remaining endocrine glands (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is secreted by the thyroid gland?

<p>Thyroxin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gland secretes parathyroid hormone?

<p>Parathyroid glands (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What substances do the adrenal cortex produce?

<p>Cortisone and aldosterone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of insulin?

<p>Decrease blood glucose levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What hormone is secreted by the ovaries?

<p>Progesterone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cranial nerve is classified as a sensory nerve?

<p>Olfactory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is Broca’s motor area for speech located?

<p>Frontal lobe (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly matches the hypoglossal nerve?

<p>Motor to muscles of the tongue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gland is often referred to as the master gland of the endocrine system?

<p>Pituitary (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main components of the digestive system?

<p>Digestive tract and digestive glands (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the digestive system is involved in the mixing of food with saliva?

<p>Mouth cavity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which area of the pharynx is located behind the nasal cavity?

<p>Nasopharynx (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two sets of teeth called?

<p>Upper and lower jaw (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following parts is not a component of the digestive tract?

<p>Pancreas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What organ is primarily involved in bile production?

<p>Liver (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the laryngopharynx?

<p>Transport air and food (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is located behind the larynx?

<p>Oropharynx (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Ureter

Tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

Urinary bladder

A hollow muscular organ located in the pelvis that stores urine before it is excreted.

Urethra

A tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.

Testis

The main male sex organ, responsible for producing sperm and the hormone testosterone.

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Epididymis

A coiled tube located behind the testes that stores and matures sperm.

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Seminal Vesicle

A highly coiled tube located at the back of the urinary bladder. It combines with the seminal vesicle to form the ejaculatory duct, which leads to the urethra.

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Bulbourethral Gland

A small gland situated beside the membranous urethra. Its main function is to secrete mucus that lubricates the urethra.

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Ovary

This organ is the primary female sex organ. It is located on the lateral wall of the pelvis and performs two main functions: 1) production of ova (eggs) and 2) secretion of female sex hormones (estrogen and progesterone).

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Fallopian Tube (Uterine Tube)

A tube connecting the uterine cavity with the ovary. It functions as the passage for sperm to reach the ovum, and it's also where fertilization occurs.

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Uterus

A muscular organ located inside the pelvic cavity. It serves as the site for reception and nutrition of fertilized ova, and it's also the location for the menstrual cycle.

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Vagina

A muscular tube that extends from the cervix of the uterus. It acts as the passage for menstrual blood and for the baby during childbirth.

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Prostate Gland

A gland located surrounding the upper part of the urethra. It secretes alkaline fluid that neutralizes the acidic environment of the vagina, helping to create a favorable environment for sperm.

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What is the Pituitary Gland?

The pituitary gland, often called the "master gland", is located at the base of the skull beneath the brain. It controls the secretion of hormones from all other endocrine glands.

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What is the Thyroid Gland?

The thyroid gland is located in the lower front portion of the neck. It consists of two lobes connected by an isthmus. This gland is responsible for producing thyroxin, essential for regulating metabolism.

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What are the Parathyroid Glands?

The parathyroid glands are small, four in number, and sit on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland. The parathyroid hormone, regulated by these glands, is critical for maintaining calcium levels in the blood.

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What are the Adrenal Glands?

The adrenal glands are situated at the upper poles of the kidneys. They consist of two parts: the cortex and the medulla. The cortex secretes cortisone and aldosterone, crucial for stress response and electrolyte balance. The medulla, on the other hand, produces adrenaline and noradrenaline for immediate fight-or-flight response.

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What is the Pancreas's endocrine function?

The pancreas, besides its digestive function, has an endocrine part. This endocrine part manufactures insulin and glucagon, hormones responsible for regulating blood sugar levels.

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What is the endocrine function of Gonads?

The ovaries, in females, and the testes, in males, are mixed glands with an endocrine function. Ovaries produce estrogen and progesterone, key hormones for female development and menstrual cycles. Testes secrete testosterone, the primary male hormone.

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What are the parts of the Brain Stem?

The brain stem, a vital part of the central nervous system, comprises three sections: the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata. It controls vital functions such as breathing, heart rate, and sleep.

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Where is Broca's area located?

Broca's area, often referred to as the motor area for speech, is located in the frontal lobe of the brain. Damage to this area can result in difficulty speaking or forming words.

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Which cranial nerve is associated with the sense of smell?

The olfactory nerve, classified as cranial nerve number 1, is solely responsible for the sense of smell.

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What is the pharynx?

The part of the throat located behind the nasal cavity(nasopharynx), behind the mouth (oropharynx), and behind the larynx (laryngopharynx).

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What is the tongue?

A muscular organ in the mouth cavity that helps in speech, tasting food, and mixing food with saliva.

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What is the digestive system?

A system that helps in the breakdown and absorption of food, ultimately providing nutrients to the body.

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What is the digestive tract?

Includes the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine, forming a continuous pathway for the food to travel.

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What are digestive glands?

Includes glands that release digestive juices to assist in the breakdown of food. These glands are salivary glands, liver and biliary system, and pancreas.

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What is digestion?

The process by which food is broken down into smaller molecules that the body can absorb and use.

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What is the biliary system?

These are the structures responsible for producing bile, which helps in fat digestion.

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What is the pancreas?

Located in the abdomen, it has a role in producing insulin and glucagon, hormones that regulate blood sugar levels.

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Study Notes

Urogenital System - BMS 101

  • Students should be able to describe parts and functions of the urinary system, components of the male genital system, and components of the female genital system by the end of the lecture.

Urinary System

  • Composed of kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, and urethra.
  • The kidney is bean-shaped and located in the upper posterior abdominal wall.
    • It has anterior and posterior surfaces, lateral and medial borders, and upper and lower poles.
  • The hilum of the kidney is a part of the medial border containing the renal vein, renal artery, and the pelvis of the ureter.
  • The ureter is a 25 cm muscular tube.
    • It transports urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.
    • It has abdominal and pelvic parts.
  • The urinary bladder is located within the pelvis.
    • It receives the ureters and stores urine.
    • Urine exits through the urethra.
  • The urethra carries urine outside the body.
    • The female urethra is short and wide (4 cm long).
    • The male urethra is longer (20 cm long) and has 3 parts: prostatic, membranous, and penile/spongy.

Male Genital System

  • Composed of testes, genital ducts, accessory sex glands, and penis.
  • Testes are the primary male sex organs, located within the scrotum.
    • They produce sperm formation and male sex hormones.
  • Genital ducts: epididymis, vas deferens, and urethra
    • Epididymis: stores and matures sperm, and secretes a nutritive substance for sperm.
    • Vas deferens: transports sperm to the urethra.
  • Accessory sex glands: seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands
    • Produce substances that nourish sperm.
  • Penis: carries urine and semen outside the body.

Female Genital System

  • The female genital system consists of ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina
  • Ovaries are primary reproductive organs; located in the lateral wall of the pelvis.
    • Produce ova (egg cells) and female sex hormones (estrogen and progesterone).
  • Uterine tubes (Fallopian tubes): 10 cm long
    • Receive the ovum, provide a passage for sperm, and fertilization occurs within them.
  • Uterus: hollow, pear-shaped muscular organ
    • Receives the fertilized ovum, provides nutrition, and is the site of the menstrual cycle.
  • Vagina: muscular tube
    • Passage for menstrual blood and childbirth.

Nervous System - Endocrine Glands

  • The nervous system is divided into central and peripheral systems.
  • The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord.
  • The peripheral nervous system includes spinal nerves and cranial nerves (12 pairs)
  • The endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Brain

  • The brain lies inside the skull.
    • The brain has three main parts: cerebrum, brainstem, and cerebellum.

Cerebrum

  • Formed of two cerebral hemispheres
  • Each cerebral hemisphere is formed of 4 lobes, frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital.

Brain Stem

  • Formed of three parts: midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata; Located beneath the brain
    • Involved in basic bodily functions.

Cerebellum

  • Two cerebellar hemispheres separated by the vermis
    • Plays a role in motor control and balance.

Spinal Cord

  • About 45cm long, located within the vertebral canal.
  • 31 segments; 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 1 coccygeal.

Spinal Nerves

  • 31 pairs in the peripheral nervous system
    • Formed of 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 1 coccygeal nerves.

Cranial Nerves

  • 12 pairs connected to the brain.

Endocrine Glands

  • Ductless glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream. Examples include pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, suprarenal, and pancreas, and gonads.

Digestive System

  • The digestive system comprises digestive tract and digestive glands. The tract includes mouth cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The glands include salivary glands, liver, and pancreas.

Digestive Glands

  • Salivary Glands (pairs): Parotid, Sublingual, Submandibular. -Produce saliva to aid in food digestion
  • Liver: Largest organ in the body in the abdominal cavity’s upper right quadrant.
    • Produces bile (aids in fat digestion).
  • Pancreas: Located behind the stomach, part of the digestive tract.
    • Produces pancreatic juice containing enzymes for complete food digestion.

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Urogenital System PDF - BMS 101

Description

Test your knowledge on the human reproductive system and urinary tract functions with this quiz. Covering aspects of both male and female anatomy, you'll explore key structures and their roles in reproduction and urine storage. Perfect for biology students learning about human anatomy and physiology.

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