Human Perspectives ATAR Units 1 & 2 Chapter 5: Blood Removal Effects and Body Importance

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Why would the removal of large quantities of blood have negative effects on a patient?

It would improve the immune response.

It would reduce the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. (correct)

It would increase the risk of heart failure.

It would lead to an excess of red blood cells.

Which physiological component is more essential to overall bodily function, the heart or the capillaries?

Both are equally important for different functions.

The capillaries, as they allow for nutrient exchange with tissues. (correct)

Neither is essential for overall bodily function.

The heart, because it pumps blood throughout the body.

What is a likely reason for experiencing swelling in the feet and ankles after sitting for extended periods?

Increased blood flow due to prolonged sitting.

Decreased heart rate from sitting for too long.

Fluid accumulation due to lack of movement and gravity. (correct)

Improved circulation in the lower extremities.

Why would first babies rarely be affected by haemolytic disease of the newborn if the mother has Rh-negative blood?

The mother does not produce anti-Rh antibodies during the first pregnancy. Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario would haemolytic disease of the newborn be more likely to occur?

If the mother has Rh-negative blood and the fetus has Rh-positive blood. Signup and view all the answers

Why does the blood need to be pumped twice for each complete circulation through the body and lungs?

To maintain blood pressure and ensure proper circulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the atrioventricular valves in the heart?

Prevent backflow of blood into the atria Signup and view all the answers

Why is blood red?

Because of the presence of hemoglobin Signup and view all the answers

What causes someone with an infected toe to experience a lump in their groin?

Inflammation of lymph nodes in response to infection and the closest lymph nodes to the toe is in the groin Signup and view all the answers

How is oxygen carried in the blood?

Bound to hemoglobin in red blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of semilunar valves in the heart?

Control blood flow out of the heart into arteries Signup and view all the answers

During exercise, what changes occur in blood flow?

Increased oxygen delivery to muscles Signup and view all the answers

'Circulation' can be defined as:

'The movement of blood through vessels in the body' Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the lymphatic system?

Removing excess fluid and waste from tissues Signup and view all the answers

How does the structure of a red blood cell relate to its function?

Bi-concave shape for efficient gas exchange Signup and view all the answers

Why were early attempts at blood transfusion risky and often fatal?

Mismatch of ABO blood groups Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is responsible for the sequence of events in blood clotting?

Liver Signup and view all the answers

How does an artery's structure contribute to its function?

Thick muscular walls for high pressure pumping Signup and view all the answers

In the ABO blood group system, which antigen is present in type A blood?

Antigen A Signup and view all the answers

'Bad blood' was once believed to cause disease. What common medical practice was associated with this belief?

'Blood-letting' or bleeding patients Signup and view all the answers

Why must the donor's ABO blood group match the receiver's when giving plasma in a transfusion?

'Mismatched blood groups' risks Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the heart?

Pumping blood throughout the body Signup and view all the answers