Human Organ Systems

Organ Systems

• Nervous System: controls and coordinates body functions, consists of Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
• Circulatory System: transports oxygen and nutrients to cells, consists of heart, blood vessels, and blood
• Respiratory System: brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide, consists of lungs, trachea, bronchi, and diaphragm
• Digestive System: breaks down food into nutrients, consists of mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine
• Endocrine System: produces and regulates hormones, consists of glands such as pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands
• Immune System: defends the body against pathogens, consists of lymphoid organs, tissues, and cells
• Muscular System: moves the body and maintains posture, consists of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles
• Skeletal System: provides support and protection, consists of bones, ligaments, and tendons
• Urinary System: filters waste and excess fluids, consists of kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra
• Integumentary System: protects the body from external damage, consists of skin, hair, nails, and associated glands

Body Regions

• Head: contains the brain, sense organs, and facial features
• Neck: connects the head to the torso
• Thorax: contains the heart and lungs
• Abdomen: contains the digestive organs
• Pelvis: contains the reproductive organs and lower back muscles
• Upper Limb: consists of shoulder, arm, forearm, wrist, and hand
• Lower Limb: consists of hip, thigh, leg, ankle, and foot

Body Cavities

• Cranial Cavity: contains the brain
• Thoracic Cavity: contains the heart and lungs
• Abdominal Cavity: contains the digestive organs
• Pelvic Cavity: contains the reproductive organs

Tissue Types

• Epithelial Tissue: forms the lining of organs and glands
• Connective Tissue: provides support and structure
• Muscle Tissue: allows for movement and contraction
• Nervous Tissue: transmits and processes information

Directional Terms

• Anterior: front of the body
• Posterior: back of the body
• Superior: above or upper part of the body
• Inferior: below or lower part of the body
• Medial: towards the midline of the body
• Lateral: away from the midline of the body
• Proximal: closer to the point of attachment
• Distal: farther from the point of attachment

Organ Systems

• Nervous System controls and coordinates body functions, consisting of Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
• Circulatory System transports oxygen and nutrients to cells, comprising heart, blood vessels, and blood
• Respiratory System brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide, consisting of lungs, trachea, bronchi, and diaphragm
• Digestive System breaks down food into nutrients, consisting of mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine
• Endocrine System produces and regulates hormones, consisting of glands such as pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands
• Immune System defends the body against pathogens, consisting of lymphoid organs, tissues, and cells
• Muscular System moves the body and maintains posture, consisting of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles
• Skeletal System provides support and protection, consisting of bones, ligaments, and tendons
• Urinary System filters waste and excess fluids, consisting of kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra
• Integumentary System protects the body from external damage, consisting of skin, hair, nails, and associated glands

Body Regions

• Head contains the brain, sense organs, and facial features
• Neck connects the head to the torso
• Thorax contains the heart and lungs
• Abdomen contains the digestive organs
• Pelvis contains the reproductive organs and lower back muscles
• Upper Limb consists of shoulder, arm, forearm, wrist, and hand
• Lower Limb consists of hip, thigh, leg, ankle, and foot

Body Cavities

• Cranial Cavity contains the brain
• Thoracic Cavity contains the heart and lungs
• Abdominal Cavity contains the digestive organs
• Pelvic Cavity contains the reproductive organs

Tissue Types

• Epithelial Tissue forms the lining of organs and glands
• Connective Tissue provides support and structure
• Muscle Tissue allows for movement and contraction
• Nervous Tissue transmits and processes information

Directional Terms

• Anterior refers to the front of the body
• Posterior refers to the back of the body
• Superior refers to the above or upper part of the body
• Inferior refers to the below or lower part of the body
• Medial refers to the area towards the midline of the body
• Lateral refers to the area away from the midline of the body
• Proximal refers to the area closer to the point of attachment
• Distal refers to the area farther from the point of attachment

This quiz covers the main organ systems in the human body, including the Nervous, Circulatory, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems.