Questions and Answers
Which of the following is not a class of nutrients?
Gram for gram, which provides the most energy?
The ring-like muscles that prevent back flow of partially digested food in the gastrointestinal tract are called?
Which statement best describes the healthful diet principle of moderation?
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Many health authorities recommend that Americans consume within ________ % of their total calories from carbohydrates.
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Polysaccharides that cannot be digested by human digestive enzymes, and therefore cannot be absorbed, are called?
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The three major disaccharides most commonly found in foods are?
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Which of the following are substances in plant foods that are not digested in the stomach or small intestine?
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You pick up a box of Cheerios cereal in the supermarket. The nutrition facts panel tells you that 1 cup serving provides 25 percent of the _______ for iron.
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Which of the following statements is consistent with a good recommendation for improving your diet?
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The major enzyme involved in the digestion of carbohydrates is?
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Energy obtained from the food we eat can be used to?
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In the typical American diet, the majority of our calories from fat are obtained from?
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Which of the following would NOT be a good recommendation for improving your diet?
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Measuring a person's BMI may be useful in determining?
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Which of the following is a complex carbohydrate?
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The essential nutrients?
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Which of the following is not a characteristic of carbohydrates?
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Which of the following nutrients can directly supply energy for human use?
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A serving of bleu cheese dressing containing 10 grams of fat would yield ____ kilocalories from fat.
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The hormone _______ is released from the pancreas when blood glucose is below normal range.
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Which statement best describes nutrient density?
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The acronym RDA stands for?
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Which of the following terms describes psychological influences that encourage us to find and eat food?
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The RDAs for nutrients are generally?
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Carbohydrates can be used by the body for which of the following?
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Which of the following foods would have the highest energy density?
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Overconsumption of which of the following nutrients could lead to toxicity?
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Where is the major site for digestion and absorption in our body?
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Which term describes the physical/biological drive to find and eat food?
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Which oligosaccharides commonly found in beans can cause gas?
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When looking at the ingredient label of a bottled spaghetti sauce, you see that olive oil is the second ingredient. This means that olive oil is:
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The absorption, galactose is converted to ____ in the liver.
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An inability to control blood glucose levels may result in?
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Serving sizes listed on a food label are standardized to typical American serving size/intakes.
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The small intestine contains over 100 trillion microorganisms.
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The release of epinephrine would most likely result in a lowering of blood glucose levels.
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Type 1 diabetes is the most commonly diagnosed type of diabetes.
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Health claims that appear on food labels are regulated closely by the Food and Drug Administration.
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Diarrhea kills more children every day than AIDS, malaria, and measles combined.
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Satiety is defined as the feeling of being full after eating food.
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Alcohol is an essential nutrient.
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Typically, our intake of dietary fiber is below what is recommended.
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It is recommended that 65% of your daily total calories come from lipids.
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Proper nutrition can help reduce the risk of certain chronic diseases.
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Enzyme that digests lactose?
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Hormone that lowers blood glucose?
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Bile is stored here?
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Storage form of glucose?
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Study Notes
Nutrient Classes and Energy Sources
- Alcohol is not classified as a nutrient.
- Fats provide the highest energy yield, delivering 9 kilocalories per gram.
Digestion and Muscle Control
- Sphincters are ring-like muscles preventing the backflow of partially digested food in the gastrointestinal tract.
Dietary Principles
- Moderation in a diet involves paying attention to portion size to avoid excessive calorie intake.
- Recommended carbohydrate intake for Americans is 45-65% of total calories.
Carbohydrates and Fiber
- Fiber consists of polysaccharides that are indigestible by human enzymes and cannot be absorbed.
- The three main disaccharides in foods are maltose, sucrose, and lactose.
- Dietary fiber consists of substances in plant foods that remain undigested.
Nutritional Recommendations and Values
- Daily Value reflects the percentage of RDA met by a specific serving of food.
- A balanced diet should balance caloric intake with calories burned daily.
- RDAs are set to meet the needs of nearly all healthy individuals.
Enzymes, Energy, and Food Sources
- The primary enzyme for carbohydrate digestion is pancreatic amylase.
- Carbohydrates are utilized by the body for energy, preserving protein, and preventing ketosis.
- In the American diet, most calories from fat come from animal sources.
Nutrient Densities and Toxicities
- Nutrient density is defined as the amount of nutrients relative to calorie content.
- Overconsumption of vitamins, minerals, or water can lead to toxicity.
Sites of Digestion and Physiological Responses
- The small intestine is the main site for digestion and nutrient absorption.
- Hunger represents the biological drive to seek and consume food.
Food Labels and Ingredients
- Ingredients on food labels are listed in order of abundance by weight.
Health Implications and Conditions
- Inability to regulate blood glucose may lead to ketosis, nerve damage, and heart disease.
- Type 2 diabetes is more prevalent than Type 1 diabetes.
General Nutrition Knowledge
- Serving sizes on food labels reflect typical American consumption patterns.
- Proper nutrition can lower the risk of chronic diseases.
- Lactase is the enzyme responsible for digesting lactose.
- Insulin is the hormone that reduces blood glucose levels, while glucagon raises them.
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Description
Prepare for your first exam in human nutrition with these flashcards. Test your knowledge on nutrients, their energy content, and gastrointestinal functions. Ideal for students looking to ace their nutrition exam.
