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Questions and Answers
Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for coordinating hunger?
What structure serves as the main coordinating center of the body?
In which part of the neuron does the impulse convert into a chemical signal for transmission?
What is the basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system?
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Which hormone in plants serves a similar function to stress hormones in animals?
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Which of the following actions is classified as an involuntary action?
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Which statement about reflex actions is false?
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Goiter is caused by a deficiency of which nutrient?
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What is the main function of the cerebrum?
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Which component of the nervous system is primarily responsible for involuntary actions?
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What is the role of the diencephalon in the nervous system?
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What type of hormone is directly secreted into the bloodstream and acts via cell organelles or enzyme systems?
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Which part of the nervous system connects the forebrain and hindbrain?
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Which area of the brain is responsible for the coordination of posture and movement?
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What is the primary effect of melatonin secretion by the diencephalon?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of hormone classified within the discussed content?
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What is a primary function of the autonomic nervous system?
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Which type of receptor is specifically responsible for detecting light?
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Which part of the nervous system is primarily responsible for linking the central nervous system to the rest of the body?
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How do neurons primarily communicate with each other during signal transmission?
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Which of the following is NOT a function of the nervous system?
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What defines a neuron’s inability to divide after formation?
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Which category of movement in plants is characterized by growth towards or away from stimuli?
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Which type of receptors detect taste stimuli?
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What initiates the formation of a nerve impulse in neurons?
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Which type of nerve cell carries impulses away from the CNS?
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What is the role of synapses in nerve impulse transmission?
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Which of the following correctly describes a reflex action?
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What characterizes sensory (afferent) nerves?
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What type of electrical activity underpins the generation of a nerve impulse?
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How do motor (efferent) nerves function in the nervous system?
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What is the primary function of a reflex arc?
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Study Notes
Human Nervous System
- Location of hunger centre: The hunger centre is located in the hypothalamus, which is part of the forebrain.
- Main coordinating centre: The brain is the main coordinating centre of the body, responsible for receiving, processing, and responding to sensory information.
- Neuron structure: A neuron consists of three main parts: dendrites, which receive signals, the axon, which transmits signals, and the end point of the neuron, where the signal is passed to another neuron or effector.
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Reflex arc: A reflex arc is a neuronal pathway that controls a reflex action.
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Steps in reflex arc:
- Stimulus received by sensory neuron
- Signal passed to interneuron in the spinal cord
- Signal relayed to motor neuron
- Motor neuron sends signal to the effector (muscle or gland)
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Steps in reflex arc:
- Reflex actions: These are involuntary, automatic, and rapid responses to stimuli. - Examples: blinking, withdrawal of hand from a hot object
- Voluntary actions: These are conscious, intentional actions controlled by the brain. - Examples: speaking, walking
- Involuntary actions: These actions are controlled by the autonomic nervous system, not consciously controlled by the brain. - Examples: heart beat, respiration
- Causes of goiter: Goiter is caused by deficiency of iodine.
- Origin of cranial nerves: Cranial nerves arise from the brain.
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Stress hormones:
- Plants: Abscisic acid (ABA)
- Animals: Cortisol
- Conversion of nerve impulse to chemical signal: The conversion of nerve impulse into a chemical signal occurs at the synapse, the junction between two neurons. A neurotransmitter is released from the presynaptic neuron and binds to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron.
- Parts of the human nervous system: The human nervous system is composed of two main parts: central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS).
- Basic unit of nervous system: The basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system is the neuron.
- Reflex action and the brain: Reflex actions are initiated in the spinal cord, not the brain, allowing for faster response.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the human nervous system with this engaging quiz. Topics include the hunger centre in the hypothalamus, neuron structure, and the reflex arc. Challenge yourself to understand how the brain coordinates bodily responses.
