12 Questions
What type of tissue is found in the lamina propria of the respiratory epithelium?
Connective tissue
Which of the following cell types is responsible for producing mucus in the respiratory epithelium?
Mucous goblet cells
What is the main structural difference between extrapulmonary bronchi and intrapulmonary bronchi?
Presence of hyaline cartilage
Which of the following is NOT a type of bronchus?
Alveolar bronchi
What is the function of Clara cells in the bronchiole wall?
Secreting surfactant
Where is the respiratory epithelium typically found?
Trachea and bronchi
What type of epithelium lines the vocal cords in the larynx?
Stratified squamous epithelium
What is the function of the pharynx in the respiratory system?
To connect the nasal cavity with the larynx
What is the name of the gland cells found in the olfactory organ?
Bowman's gland cells
What type of epithelium lines most of the conducting portion of the respiratory tract?
Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium
What is the name of the structure that connects the nasal cavity with the larynx?
Pharynx
What is the name of the cavity that consists of two structures: the external vestibule and the internal nasal fossa?
Nasal cavity
Study Notes
Organs of the Respiratory System
- The respiratory tract consists of two parts: the upper respiratory tract and the lower respiratory tract.
Upper Respiratory Tract
- Nasal cavity (nasal fossa) consists of two structures: external vestibule and internal nasal fossa.
- Pharynx connects the nasal cavity with the larynx and has three parts: nasopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx.
Larynx (Voice Box)
- Larynx connects the pharynx and trachea.
- Epiglottis, true vocal cords, and false vocal cords are found in the larynx.
Nasal Cavity
- Olfactory organ is a specialized area of the mucous membrane in the superior concha, located in the roof of the nasal cavity.
- Olfactory organ consists of four types of cells: olfactory cells, supporting cells, basal cells, and Bowman's gland cells.
Larynx Epithelium
- Vocal cords are lined by stratified squamous epithelium.
Respiratory Epithelium
- Most of the conducting portion is lined with ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium.
- Respiratory epithelium consists of four types of cells: ciliated columnar cells, mucous goblet cells, basal (short) cells, and small granule cells (dendritic cells).
Trachea
- Trachea wall layers are composed of mucosa (respiratory epithelium) and lamina propria (connective tissue).
Bronchi
- Extrapulmonary bronchi resemble the trachea in structure and contain hyaline cartilage.
- Intrapulmonary bronchi include secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, and bronchioles.
Bronchi Layers
- Extrapulmonary bronchi layers consist of mucosa, submucosa, hyaline cartilage, and adventitia.
- Intrapulmonary bronchi layers consist of mucosa, submucosa, smooth muscle, and adventitia.
Bronchioles
- Clara cells are found in bronchiole walls.
Alveoli
- Alveoli are the site of gas exchange in the lungs.
This quiz covers the organs and structures of the respiratory system, including the upper and lower respiratory tracts, nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx.
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